In 1858, an American named Hamilton Smith built the world's first washing machine in Pittsburgh. The main part of the washing machine was a drum with a paddle inside. The straight axis of the leaves is rotated by shaking the crank connected to it. In the same year, Smith obtained the patent for this washing machine. However, this washing machine was laborious to use and damaged clothes, so it was not widely used, but it marked the beginning of machine laundry. The following year, a washing machine appeared in Germany that used a clothes pestle as an agitator. When the clothes pestle moved up and down, wooden nails equipped with springs continuously acted on the clothes. At the end of the 19th century, the washing machine had developed into an octagonal washing tub that was rotated by a handle. During washing, hot soapy water was put into the tub. After the clothes were washed, the clothes were squeezed dry by a squeeze device.
In 1874, the "Hand Washing Era" faced unprecedented challenges. American Bill Blacks invented the wooden hand-cranked washing machine. Blacks' washing machine has a very simple structure. It installs 6 blades in a wooden barrel and uses a handle and gear transmission to turn the clothes over in the barrel, thereby achieving the purpose of "cleaning clothes". The advent of this device greatly inspired those who were thinking hard to improve the efficiency of life, and the improvement process of washing machines began to be greatly accelerated.
In 1880, steam washing machines appeared in the United States, and steam power began to replace human power. . After hundreds of years of development and improvement, modern steam washing machines have made unparalleled improvements compared with the early ones, but the principle is the same. The functions of modern steam washing machines include steam washing and steam drying. It adopts an intelligent water circulation system, which can double-spray high-concentration washing liquid and high-temperature steam on clothes at the same time throughout the entire washing process, realizing the world's original "steam washing" method. "A new way of washing. Unlike ordinary drum washing machines that need to heat the water throughout the drum during washing, steam washing is designed to deeply clean clothes. When a small amount of water enters the steam generating box and is converted into steam, it uses high-temperature spray to decompose stains on the clothes. Steam washing is fast, thorough, requires only a small amount of water, and saves time. For winter clothes that have been wrinkled and smelly after being left in the closet for a long time, you can naturally stretch them and smooth out the wrinkles. The working principle of "steam drying" is to spray constant steam on the clothes, stretch the clothes, and then perform constant temperature condensation drying. In this way, heavy clothes not only dry faster, but also have a stretching and ironing effect.
After steam washing machines, water-powered washing machines and internal combustion engine washing machines also appeared one after another. A water-powered washing machine includes a washing drum, a power source and a connecting piece connected to the boat. The washing machine is provided with inlet and outlet holes, the washing machine casing is provided with a power source, the washing drum is provided with a clothes inlet hole, and the inlet is provided with a sealing cover , the washing machine is connected to the boat through a connecting piece. It does not require any electricity and only needs natural river water to wash clothes, which relieves boat people from the trouble of washing clothes on the boat, saves time and reduces the intensity of housework.
In 1910, Fisher of the United States successfully trial-produced the world's first electric washing machine in Chicago. The advent of electric washing machines marked the beginning of automation of human housework.
In 1922, the American Mataigo Company transformed the washing structure of the washing machine, changing the drag type to the agitating type, which fixed the structure of the washing machine. This was the birth of the first agitating washing machine. . This kind of washing machine is equipped with a vertical shaft in the center of the drum, and a stirring wing is installed at the lower end of the vertical shaft. The motor drives the vertical shaft to perform periodic forward and reverse swings, causing the clothes and water flow to continuously tumble and rub against each other to clean away dirt. The agitator washing machine has a scientific and reasonable structure and is generally welcomed by people.
In 1932, the American Bendex Air Company announced that they had successfully developed the first front-loading drum washing machine, with washing, rinsing, and dehydration completed in the same drum. This means that the type of electric washing machine has jumped to a new level and is a big step forward towards automation.
The first automatic washing machine came out in 1937. This is a "front load" automatic washing machine. The cylinder, driven by a horizontal axis, can hold 4,000 grams of clothing. The clothes are constantly rolled up and down in a tank filled with water to remove dirt and scale. In the 1940s, modern "top-loading" automatic washing machines appeared.
With the acceleration of industrialization, countries around the world have also accelerated the pace of research and development of washing machines. First, a jet-flow washing machine was developed and launched in the UK. It relies on the strong vortex generated by the running pulsator on one side of the cylinder to cause the clothes and washing liquid to continuously tumble in the cylinder to clean the clothes.
In 1955, based on the introduction of the British jet washing machine, Japan developed a unique style pulsator washing machine that is still popular today. At this point, the situation of three-thirds of the world in the field of washing machine production has been initially formed.
In the 1960s, a double-tub washing machine with a dry barrel appeared in Japan, which was called a "semi-automatic washing machine."
In the 1970s, a pulsator-type barrel-type fully automatic washing machine was produced.
In the late 1970s, fully automatic washing machines controlled by computers (actually microprocessors) were launched in Japan, ushering in a new stage in the history of washing machine development.
In the 1980s, the application of "fuzzy control" made the washing machine easier to operate, more complete in function, more convenient in washing procedures, and more fashionable in appearance...
In the 1990s, due to With the improvement of motor speed control technology, washing machines have realized a wide range of speed conversion and adjustment, and many new water-flow washing machines have been born. Since then, with the development and improvement of motor drive technology, Japan has produced a direct-drive washing machine, eliminating the need for gear transmission and speed change mechanisms, triggering a huge revolution in the way washing machines are driven. Later, with the further development of technology, drum washing machines have become a product that everyone is familiar with. With the further development of technology, I believe that new washing machines that are more suitable for people will bring new ways to our lives.