At present, the main modes of travel in China are railway and car. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the manufacturing industry accounted for 29.32% of GDP in 20 17, which is undoubtedly the largest industry, and the corresponding China has been the largest automobile production and sales country for eleven consecutive years since 2009. By the end of 20 19, the operating mileage of high-speed rail in China exceeded 35,000 kilometers, accounting for about 70% of the global high-speed rail network.
Railway is the symbolic product of the first industrial revolution, and automobile is the result of the second industrial revolution. The best example to witness the century-long development of China Railway is the Jing-Zhang Railway. If you want to choose a mirror that can reflect the development of China's autonomous vehicles, Chery Automobile is of great reference significance. There are many similarities between Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and Chery Automobile: the start is equally difficult, both of which are bloody in the past, and they are proud of excluding foreigners in the development process. Next, we will start with two short stories.
Seek a humble abode and become a barren beach.
Surrounded by pond silt, abandoned brick and tile factories, several thatched houses, air leakage in the walls, Leng Xia is hot in winter, sweating in summer, the computer is hot to death, the winter is cold, the pen for drawing is unstable, the desk is not enough, and the equipment packaging board will make do. When the equipment is changed to a factory building, each transferred equipment is followed by a dozen cyclists, who pick up the parts at any time.
This passage is the original Chery described by founders such as Yin Tongyue. In Yin Tongyue's words, Chery is "a humble abode, but a barren beach", which is not only the starting point of Chery, but also the starting point of China automobile industry and China manufacturing industry.
Chery is the first independent automobile enterprise to master engine, automatic gearbox, chassis, engine management system (EMS) and platform technology through independent innovation. Chery independently developed the first CVT with completely independent intellectual property rights in China. Chery took the lead in establishing a global unified standard production management system-CPS (Chery Production Mode) among its own brands.
The new generation of Tiggo 8 is equipped with Chery's brand-new 1.6TGDI engine, which is the first 1.6TGDI engine of China brand with completely independent intellectual property rights, and the first direct injection gasoline engine of China brand that meets the national six emission regulations (meets the national six b emission standards). Compared with China brand engine 37. 1%, the thermal efficiency is also the highest. By the end of 20 19 and 20 1 1 year, Chery Automobile had applied for more than 17889 patents, and granted113 patents, ranking first.
In the industrial history of China for nearly a hundred years, Chery's experience is by no means unique.
"He personally took students and workers, carrying benchmarks, carrying theodolite, fixed-point and composition on cliffs. Outside the Great Wall, it is often windy and yellow sand all over the sky. If you are not careful, you will be in danger of falling into a deep valley. " This passage is Zhan Tianyou, the chief engineer of Beijing-Zhangjia Railway in the Chinese textbook. Under his leadership, Jing-Zhang Railway became the first railway independently surveyed, designed and built by China people.
1909, the speed of the old Jing-Zhang railway built in Zhan Tianyou was only 35km/h, and the Jing-Zhang high-speed railway completed and opened to traffic in 20 19 could reach 350km/h, from 35km to 350km/h. The Jing-Zhang high-speed railway became the first high-speed railway with a design speed of 350 km/h in the world, and China Beidou navigation system was adopted for the first time to realize manned unmanned driving from Zhangjiakou to Beijing.
Nexiuwende？ External treatment and armament
When Deng Gong visited Japan, he took the Shinkansen. He said with deep feelings: "As fast as the wind, the Shinkansen pushes people to run, and we really need to run now." The stimulated Beijing Railway Bureau immediately organized a train speed-up experiment in February of 65438+ that year, and used German imported traction locomotives to pull domestic passenger cars, and conducted experiments in Baoding and Shijiazhuang sections. The maximum distance can only be165km, but it has set a historical record for China railway.
At first, the purpose of domestic Santana was to earn valuable foreign exchange through CKD assembly, but at that time, China's automobile industry had a poor foundation and no system capacity. Workers in Shanghai Automobile Factory can only piece together a car by experience, but the spare parts enterprises around Shanghai Automobile Factory have a poor foundation and can only complete unique components such as antennas in China.
Before the mass production of Fuxing, China and Macedonia signed an agreement to sell six high-speed trains, which made China's high-speed railway exported to Europe for the first time, and then the second phase of Anyi high-speed railway was opened to traffic, which was the first high-speed railway line that China participated in overseas construction.
Two years later, China's first high-speed rail industry chain went out-Indonesian Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail line. The first phase of the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail line is 142km long, with a maximum design speed of 350km/h. It is planned to be completed before the end of 2020, and trial operation will begin in 2026. Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail will become the first high-speed rail in Southeast Asia.
In the field of automobiles, Chery has always been the vanguard of the export of China automobile enterprises. 200110/On October 27th,10 Chery cars were exported to Syria via Tianjin Port, opening a new chapter in automobile export. At present, Chery's products have been exported to more than 80 countries and regions around the world, and 10 production bases and 1300 sales and service networks have been established overseas, with the cumulative export exceeding1500,000 vehicles, ranking first in China's passenger car export volume for 16 years.
Behind the pride of railways and automobiles is the support of China's overall industrial system. At present, according to the United Nations industrial classification standard, China has 39 industrial categories, 1, 9 1 intermediate categories and 525 subcategories, making it the only country in the world that has all the industrial categories of the United Nations industrial classification. For example, it may take half a month for a manufacturer to make a phone call in China to complete the supporting work in other countries.
Opportunities for the Fourth Industrial Revolution
There is a gap of half a century between the starting point of China railway and automobile, but in the new four modernizations period, the two have been integrated.
The Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway marks the beginning of China's high-speed railway and needs the scientific and technological support of the whole country. The automatic driving of Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway is not only limited to the reduction of manual operation, but also lies in the fact that the train can intelligently calculate and control the operating cost, and the train can open and close the air door in advance according to the location information of the network tunnel to reduce the ear pressure change when passengers enter and leave the tunnel. Command brain consists of earthquake early warning system, natural disaster early warning system and voltage fault early warning system.
The platform used by the new generation Tiggo 8 is Chery T 1X exclusive SUV platform with Jaguar Land Rover technology, which is the first professional SUV platform of China brand. Another example is Chery's "Lion Drive"? I-Drive system has accumulated for nearly 8 years, and has mastered the technologies of trajectory detection and millimeter-wave radar data processing independently, becoming one of the few car companies in China with intelligent bottom control technology. Chery Automobile and Baidu jointly developed Apollo Automobile, which has achieved L3 automatic driving.
Water drop point of view:
Throughout the history of the world, we can find that the key factors restricting human development are speed: the speed of energy transmission, the speed of goods exchange and the speed of information transmission. The territory area of a country is determined by the first three speeds, that is, the Qin Dynasty built a straight road and the Sui Dynasty dug a canal. The change of traffic speed laid the foundation for the expansion of the territory area of Han and Tang Dynasties. The century-long change of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and the development of Chery Automobile have actually witnessed the butterfly change of energy, goods and information transmission speed in China.
Text/Cui Jianwei
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.