180 1 year, French Leben put forward the principle of gas engine.
1824, French thermal engineer sadi carnot revealed the theory of "Carnot cycle" in his book "Research on Firepower and Internal Combustion Engine".
1859, lenoir of France replaced the steam of reciprocating steam engine with a mixture of gas and air, and made a two-stroke gas-fired internal combustion engine by spark ignition. France and Britain both produced a small batch.
186 1 year, De Rorschach of France put forward the working cycle mode of four-stroke internal combustion engine with equal volume combustion of intake, pressure, power and exhaust, and was granted a patent by the French authority on 1862 1.06.
1866, German engineer Nikolai Otto successfully trial-produced an epoch-making vertical four-stroke internal combustion engine in the history of power. 1876 trial-produced the first practical piston four-stroke gas internal combustion engine. This single-cylinder horizontal gas turbine has a power of 2.9kw, a compression ratio of 2.5 and a rotating speed of 250r/min. This kind of internal combustion engine is called Otto internal combustion engine. Otto obtained the patent on August 4th, 877 on/kloc-0. Later, people have always called the four-stroke cycle Otto cycle. As the founder of the internal combustion engine, Otto went down in history, and his invention laid the foundation for the invention of the automobile.
G. Daimler, a German who cooperated with Otto, invented a gasoline vapor internal combustion engine for refining lamps by burning kerosene by-products, and obtained a patent at 1883. 1885, he installed this internal combustion engine on a wooden bicycle, and the next year, it was installed on a four-wheeled carriage. In the same year, Ben Ci put the gasoline internal combustion engine on a tricycle. These self-propelled vehicles are called primitive cars and motorcycles by later generations.