The natural color of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is yellowish, translucent and shiny. Transparency is better than polyethylene and polypropylene, but worse than polystyrene. Different amounts of additives can be divided into soft PVC and hard PVC. Rigid PVC has good tensile, bending, compression and impact resistance, and can be used as structural material alone. The softness, elongation at break and cold resistance of soft PVC will increase, but the brittleness, hardness and tensile strength will decrease. Common products: plates, pipes, soles, toys, doors and windows, wire sheaths, stationery, etc. It is a polymer material, which uses chlorine atoms to replace hydrogen atoms in polyethylene.
PVC, the full name of PVC, is mainly composed of PVC, and other components are added to enhance its heat resistance, toughness and ductility. The top layer of this surface film is paint, the main component in the middle is PVC, and the bottom layer is adhesive. It is a kind of synthetic material which is deeply loved, quite popular and widely used in the world today. Its global usage ranks second among all kinds of synthetic materials. According to statistics, in a short period of 1995, the output of PVC in Europe was about 5 million tons, while its consumption was 5.3 million tons. In Germany, the average output and consumption of PVC is1400,000 tons. The production and application of PVC in the world is growing at a rate of 4%. The growth rate of PVC in Southeast Asia is particularly remarkable, which is attributed to the urgent demand for infrastructure construction in Southeast Asian countries. Among the materials that can be used to make three-dimensional surface films, PVC is the most suitable material.
Pvc was first discovered in 1835 by the famous French scientist HenriVictorRegnault. Then in 1872, another German scientist (EugenBaumann) also discovered this new material. At that time, pvc was a white solid, very fragile and had no practical use. At the beginning of the 20th century, a group of chemists such as IvanOstromislensky and FritzKlatte tried to change the brittleness of pvc and make it a commercial product, but they all failed.
It was not until 1926 that WaldoSemon(B.F.Goodrich Company) in the United States synthesized pvc and applied for a patent in the United States. He solved the brittleness of pvc by synthesizing a variety of additives, increased the expansibility of PVC materials, and made it have the basis for product commercialization. 193 1 year, Germany began to produce pvc by emulsion method, 194 1 year, and the United States began to produce pvc by suspension method, so pvc materials related products began to be widely used in production and life fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, the production and synthesis of PVC has been replaced by bulk synthesis, with higher efficiency and greatly reduced cost.