In recent years, the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases has been rising all over the world. The number of deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases increased from 654.38+075 million in 2065.438+02 to 654.38+079 million in 2065.438+06, accounting for 365.438+0% of the global deaths. China is also facing a severe trend of high incidence of cardiovascular diseases. At present, there are about 290 million cases of cardiovascular diseases in China, accounting for 20% of the total population, and the trend is increasing year by year. As a common cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease has the largest number of patients.
At present, the most effective method to treat coronary heart disease is interventional surgery. Under the guidance of medical images, interventional instruments such as balloon catheter and stent catheter are sent to the vascular lesion site by using human vascular channels to dredge the narrow or occluded coronary artery lumen and rebuild the blood flow path. Vascular interventional surgery needs to be carried out in a special catheter room. Because the operation of interventional instruments such as catheters and guide wires requires X-ray imaging, doctors used to have to wear heavy lead clothes when operating. During the operation, we should adjust the angle and the patient's position at any time, and inject contrast agent.
The appearance of minimally invasive vascular interventional surgery robot can provide good support for doctors in catheter room. Minimally invasive vascular interventional therapy requires high-precision delivery of interventional instruments such as catheters and guide wires. At present, according to the vascular position of the distal end of the catheter or guide wire, the transportation process of interventional instruments can be divided into three stages: 1) aortic stage: the distal end of the catheter or guide wire is located in the aorta and needs to be transported quickly to reduce the use of X-rays and contrast agents; 2) Coronary artery entry period: When the distal end of catheter or guide wire enters the coronary artery, the corresponding coronary artery pathological score should be selected. 3) Coronary artery disease stage: the distal end of the guide wire or catheter is located in the stenosis area, and it needs high-precision surgery to make the guide wire or catheter pass through the stenosis area.
With the advent of the 5G era, minimally invasive vascular interventional robots will be able to achieve long-distance and cross-regional treatment. In the near future, interventional surgery robots will be able to realize automatic wire feeding surgery, further improve the quality of treatment and bring good news to the majority of patients.