1822, Faraday, a famous British science master, discovered that gases such as carbon dioxide, ammonia and chlorine will become liquids under pressure, and then become gases after the pressure is reduced. In the process of changing from liquid to gas, it will absorb a lot of heat and make the surrounding temperature drop rapidly. Faraday's discovery provided a theoretical basis for later generations to invent artificial refrigeration technologies such as compressors.
1834, American engineer Jacob? Perkins invented the world's first compression refrigeration device, which is the embryonic form of modern compression refrigeration system. In the same year, Perkins obtained the first patent of freezer issued by Britain.
185 1 year, the first artificial refrigeration compressor was born, which was invented by Harrison, the boss of Quilen advertising company. Harrison once found that the ether coating on the metal had a strong cooling effect when cleaning the type with ether. Harrison developed a refrigerator using ether and pressure pump through research, and applied it to a brewery in Victoria, Australia, for refrigeration and cooling during brewing.
1873, German chemist and engineer Karl von Linde invented a refrigerator with ammonia as refrigerant. Linde first applied his invention to Sai Doummar Brewery in Wiesbaden, and designed and manufactured an industrial refrigerator.
From 65438 to 0879, Karl von Linde improved and miniaturized the industrial refrigerator and made the world's first domestic refrigerator with artificial refrigeration. This steam-driven refrigerator will soon be put into production. Up to 189 1, 12000 units have been sold in Germany and the United States.
19 10, the world's first household refrigerator with compression refrigeration came out in the United States.
19 18, Cobrand engineers from KE-LVZNATOR company in the United States designed and manufactured the world's first mechanical refrigeration automatic household refrigerator. This kind of refrigerator is rough and heavy, with a wooden shell and a water-cooled compressor, which makes a lot of noise. However, its birth announced that the development of household refrigerators has entered a new stage.
1923, Swedish engineers Brighton and Mendes invented a refrigerator whose compressor was driven by a motor.
1927, General Electric Company of the United States successfully developed a fully enclosed refrigerator.
From 65438 to 0930, air-cooled continuous diffusion absorption refrigerators with different heating methods were put on the market. This is a miniature refrigerator suitable for modern family rooms. Before that, all refrigerator models were independent.
193 1 year, a new refrigerant freon 12 was successfully developed, which achieved a long-awaited technical breakthrough and was widely used in industry. Therefore, more and more manufacturers begin to regard refrigerators as their key industries.
1963, Electrolux developed the world's first refrigerated refrigerator, which made the refrigerator leap to a new level, and this style has become the standard configuration of refrigerators in the next few decades.
1993, Electrolux launched the first batch of fluorine-free refrigerators in the world, which became an industry milestone.
2, the development of refrigerator:
/kloc-in the middle of the 0/7th century, the word "refrigerator" entered the American language. Before that, refrigerators only affected the diet of ordinary Americans. With the development of the city, the sales of methamphetamine have gradually developed. It is gradually used by hotels, hotels, hospitals and some discerning city businessmen to keep meat, fish and butter fresh.
After the civil war (186 1- 1865), ice was used to refrigerate freight cars and also entered civil use. Before 1880, half of refrigerators sold in new york, Philadelphia and Baltimore, and one third in Boston and Chicago began to be used at home, because a new household equipment-refrigerator, the predecessor of modern refrigerator, was invented. Similar products include freezers.
Making an efficient refrigerator is not as simple as we thought. /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, inventors had a superficial understanding of thermophysics, which was very important for refrigeration science. People think that the best refrigerator should prevent the melting of ice, but at that time, such a very common view was obviously wrong, because it was the melting of ice that played the role of refrigeration.
In the early days, people made a lot of efforts to preserve ice, including wrapping it with blankets, so that ice could not play its role. It was not until the end of 19 that the inventor successfully found the exact balance between heat insulation and circulation required for efficient refrigerators.
Extended data:
The principle of refrigerator:
1, compression refrigerator: This refrigerator is provided with mechanical energy by a motor, and works on the refrigeration system through a compressor. The principle of refrigeration system is that the refrigerant with low boiling point absorbs heat when it evaporates.
2. absorption refrigerator: this refrigerator can use heat sources (such as gas, kerosene, electricity, etc.). ) as a driving force. Ammonia-water-hydrogen mixed solution realizes refrigeration in the process of continuous absorption-diffusion. Its disadvantages are low efficiency and slow cooling, which has been gradually eliminated.
3. Semiconductor refrigerator: it is a refrigerator that produces Peltier effect at the junction by applying direct current to PN semiconductor.
4. Chemical refrigerator: it is a refrigerator that uses some chemicals to absorb heat strongly when they are dissolved in water to obtain refrigeration effect.
5. Electromagnetic vibration refrigerator: It is a refrigerator with electromagnetic vibration machine as the main power to drive the compressor. Its principle and structure are basically the same as that of the compression refrigerator.
Baidu encyclopedia-refrigerator