When the air conditioner is heating, the gas Freon is pressurized by the compressor to become high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which enters the heat exchanger (condenser at this time) of the indoor unit, condenses, liquefies and releases heat to become liquid, and at the same time heats the indoor air, thus achieving the purpose of increasing the indoor temperature.
The liquid freon is decompressed by the throttling device, enters the heat exchanger (evaporator at this time) of the outdoor unit, evaporates, absorbs heat by vaporization, becomes gas, and absorbs the heat of outdoor air (outdoor air becomes cold). Freon, which turns into gas, enters the compressor again and starts the next cycle.
Extended data
Air conditioning is divided into single cooling air conditioning and cold and warm air conditioning, and the working principle is the same. Freon used to be the common refrigerant in air conditioning. The characteristic of freon is that it releases a lot of heat when it changes from gas to liquid. When it changes from liquid to gas, it will absorb a lot of heat. That is, the air conditioner is designed according to this principle.
The compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then sends it to the condenser (outdoor unit) for heat dissipation, and turns it into liquid refrigerant at normal temperature and high pressure, so the outdoor unit blows out hot air.
Then enter the capillary and enter the evaporator (indoor unit). Because the space suddenly increases and the pressure decreases after the refrigerant reaches the evaporator from the capillary, the liquid refrigerant will vaporize and become a low-temperature gaseous refrigerant, thus absorbing a lot of heat, and the evaporator will become cold.
The fan of the indoor unit blows out indoor air from the evaporator, so the indoor unit blows out cold air; Water vapor in the air will condense into water droplets when it meets a cold evaporator and flow out along the water pipe, which is why air conditioners produce water.
When heating, there is a component called four-way valve, which makes the refrigerant flow in the condenser and evaporator in the opposite direction to that during refrigeration, so when heating, cold air is blown to the outside and hot air is blown to the room.
In fact, it is the principle that junior high school physics has learned that heat is discharged when liquefied (from gas to liquid) and heat is absorbed when vaporized (from liquid to gas).
Working principle of environmental protection air conditioner;
The water in the water tank is continuously pumped out by the circulating water pump and evenly sprayed on the evaporation filter layer through the water distribution system. Outdoor hot air enters the evaporative cooling medium and fully exchanges heat with the water in the evaporative cooling medium CELdek (a special honeycomb filter layer, a Swedish high-tech patented product).
The cool and clean air cooled by water evaporation and heat absorption is pressurized by a low-noise fan and sent into the room, so that the hot air in the room is discharged outside, thus achieving the purpose of indoor temperature reduction.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia air conditioning working principle