1. antenna failure: the antenna may be damaged or fall off, resulting in incomplete signal transmission and AC calibration failure. Transmission link problem: The transmission link between the 5G base station and the core network is unstable, which leads to data loss or deformation, thus affecting the success rate of AC calibration.
2. The routine maintenance of G base station may lead to AC calibration problems, which may be caused by transmission link problems and hardware problems. Transmission link problem: The transmission link between the 5G base station and the core network is unstable, which will lead to data loss or deformation, thus affecting the success rate of AC calibration.
3. Failure to report the measurement report: The main performance of the test section is poor quality, or even dropped.
4. The differential signal between the rover and the reference station is the SIM card in the host or notebook to transmit data. Due to the small amount of data and immature technology, manufacturers began to use 2G network modules, but with the progress of science and technology, they gradually developed to 3G, 4G and 5G.
What does 5g include?
G (fifth generation) is the abbreviation of the fifth generation mobile communication technology. Compared with 4G, the biggest advantages of 5G are high speed, low delay and large capacity. If it is already a 4G card, 5G does not need to change the card for the package, as long as it is a 5G terminal, it can enjoy the 5G service.
G is the fifth generation mobile communication. Compared with 4G, 5G can provide higher speed, lower delay, more connections, faster mobile speed, higher security and more flexible service deployment capabilities. The experience rate can reach 2Gbps, for example, it only takes a few seconds to download a high-definition movie.
The new infrastructure of 5G includes at least the following contents: 5G basic network construction includes equipment research and development, network deployment and operation and maintenance of 5G systems such as base stations, core networks and transmission.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has issued a number of new 5G standards, involving core networks, slicing and 5G messages.
As for the SA terminal, China Mobile made it clear that from March 20021year, new commercial terminals need to turn on the SA function by default, and there is no need to set the SA switch.
Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Work Plan of Industrial Internet Task Force in 2022 (hereinafter referred to as the plan), proposing to strengthen the network system, accelerate the construction of 5G fully connected factories, build 10 benchmark of 5G fully connected factories, and build an upgraded version of "5G+ Industrial Internet".
5G Internet of Things message standard: Based on 3GPPR 16 standard (TS2262), it was updated and developed together with R 17, and it is expected that the standard will be frozen and released in R 17. In China, 5G messages follow the industry standard of 5G messages formulated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, as well as the standards and specifications related to 5G messages of the three major domestic operators.
G formulated by 3rd generation partnership project Organization (3GPP for short). 3GPP is a standardization organization. At present, its members include relevant industry organizations in China, Europe, Japan, South Korea and North America.
Electromagnetic radiation measurement and protection of 5G base station
1. According to the current construction process of the 5G base station, operators should measure the existing radiation values near the site before planning to build the 5G base station to ensure that the electromagnetic radiation values will not exceed the standard after the base station is installed.
2. The specific detection methods are as follows: Generally, field strength instruments (electric and magnetic fields) and spectrum analyzers are used for detection. Test instruments and methods can refer to national standards or regulations (GB8702-88 electromagnetic radiation protection regulations, GB9 175-88 environmental electromagnetic wave health standards); Radiation type needs professional instrument detection.
3. The radiation standard of G base station in the United States is 600 microwatts per square centimeter, and the electromagnetic radiation standard in China is only 40 microwatts, which is 10 times stricter than that in the United States. From the base station 10 meter, the radiation is only 5 microwatts, while the microwave radiation at home is 168 microwatts. The radius of the 5G base station is smaller and the power is lower than that of 4G.
4. Non-thermal effect: electromagnetic waves will have some effects on organisms, affecting enzyme activity, cell growth and appreciation, tissue repair and so on. , but the actual impact has not been strongly confirmed.
The distance between the 5.5G base station and the gas station should generally be kept above 500m; It is necessary to measure and evaluate the electromagnetic radiation of the 5G base station near the gas station, and take corresponding measures to ensure the safety of the surrounding environment. The radiation power, radiation direction and transmission frequency of 5G base stations need to comply with relevant national and local regulations.
6. In fact, the radiation of base stations is much lower than that of China, even lower than that of Europe and America. At the same time, 5G base stations are more dense, and each base station has lower transmission power, higher frequency and higher propagation loss. For terminals close to the base station, the base station will adaptively reduce the transmission power.
What are the international standards for 5G?
5G SMS standard: follow the architecture definition of 3GPP(TS250TS2502)R 155G, and release the frozen R 16.
GLight technology: The goal of this technology is low-power wide area network (LPAN), which can provide good support for Internet of Things applications.
G The currently agreed international standard is 5GNR channel coding standard, namely eMBB scene standard. LDPC led by Qualcomm obtained the uplink and downlink data channels of eMBB, while Polar led by Huawei obtained the uplink and downlink control channels of eMBB. The channel coding standards for the other two cases have not yet been formulated.
The formulation of G standard is determined by 3GPP, and it is determined that the standardization of 5G is divided into two stages: the first stage is to start R 15 as the 5G standard, which will be completed in June of 20 18; The second phase started with R 16 as the 5G standard and was completed in February 20 19. The right to speak of 5G is the number of core patents finally approved.