Market orientation, contract orientation, performance orientation and informatization are the implementation and development strategies of enterprise informatization. Building enterprise IT platform is an indispensable and important means to support enterprise development strategy, quickly respond to market changes at home and abroad, improve and improve innovative design and management level, and enhance core competitiveness.
Through the construction of IT platform and the application and promotion of information technology, the enterprise has improved the design quality and level, improved the management level of standardization, serialization and generalization within the enterprise, straightened out and standardized the business process of the enterprise, and realized the optimal design of product structure, the reuse of typical parts, the collaboration of design and manufacturing, and the sharing of data, which brought corresponding obvious and intangible economic benefits to the enterprise. However, how to analyze and evaluate these benefits, or how to evaluate how much economic benefits the existing IT platform has brought or will bring to enterprises, and so on. At present, there is no scientific evaluation system, which basically continues the evaluation model of equipment input-input-output ratio, which is unscientific or even serious. After years of exploration and practice, the author summarizes a set of relatively complete evaluation methods from the perspective of enterprise informatization implementation, promotion and application, and applies them to the enterprise, hoping to play a reference role in the implementation, promotion and application of enterprise informatization.
2 the scope of enterprise informatization evaluation system
Enterprise informatization evaluation system mainly includes two parts:
Application scope and state evaluation of information system
Benefit evaluation of informatization implementation
Among them, the application scope and state evaluation of information system is to evaluate the informatization state of enterprises from the technical level, which is the focus of informatization project evaluation, and can include six aspects: information system environment evaluation, information system application state evaluation, information system integration evaluation, information resource evaluation, human resource evaluation and informatization related system evaluation. Benefit evaluation is to evaluate the effect of enterprise informatization from the economic point of view, which is mainly divided into explicit benefit evaluation and implicit benefit evaluation; The summary of implementation experience and lessons mainly summarizes the implementation process of informatization projects from the perspective of management, paving the way for future project upgrading or new project implementation, which is divided into two aspects: comparative evaluation of benchmark enterprises and summary of experience and lessons.
2. 1 enterprise informatization application evaluation
2. 1. 1 environmental assessment of enterprise information system
The environmental assessment of information system is mainly to evaluate the existing IT system architecture of the enterprise to determine whether it can meet the requirements of the existing information system application and development in the next five years. The contents involved are:
Evaluation of network information architecture
System performance and capacity evaluation
System security assessment
Storage evaluation of data backup machine
Information security assessment
Operating system and database platform evaluation
It has been nearly four years since the PDM system was officially put into operation on June 16, 2004. Due to the reasonable network system architecture and server hardware configuration, there have been no virus attacks and abnormal downtime accidents. The system runs safely, reliably and stably, which provides a supporting platform for enterprise data flow, business flow and their decision support. The adopted dual-machine hot standby system has not been enabled so far. At the same time, because the authority control management of PDM system is very strict and flexible, different access control rights can be set according to different security levels, which ensures the security and reliability of enterprise technical documents.
2. 1.2 Evaluation on the Application Status of Enterprise Information System
Information system application evaluation mainly evaluates the application of the existing information system of the enterprise, including:
Departments and products covered by enterprise information application system (application breadth)
Can we give full play to the functions (application depth) of the existing information system?
Whether it can meet the needs of business development and the need for improvement (application gentleness assessment)
Whether it can meet the requirements of upstream and downstream customers (customer satisfaction evaluation)
At present, the popularization and use of PDM system has covered the company 19 business departments, with a coverage rate of 100%. The main functional modules in the existing system, such as product structure visualization management, document visualization and version control and management, process configuration management, product part family management and product configuration management, have been widely promoted and applied. Through customized development, the function of PDM system not only meets the application of design department, but also meets the business needs of upstream (bidding, procurement, supply) and downstream (technology, production planning, after-sales service) of enterprise internal design.
2. 1.3 enterprise information system integration evaluation
The evaluation of information system integration is mainly to solve whether the data between the existing IT systems of enterprises can be effectively integrated and shared, and whether the integration benefits of information systems can be brought into full play. The contents involved are:
Evaluation of inter-system integration; Including information-oriented integration, process-oriented integration or service-oriented integration; For example, PDM and CAPP, PDM and ERP, PDM/CAPP/ERP.
Internal integration evaluation of information system, including data integration between different functional modules; For example, product structure management, product configuration management, product part family management, various reports and so on.
At present, PDM and CAPP systems have realized seamless integration and data sharing, business process integration and document visualization * * * sharing, leaving process traces, making data sources unique, and realizing data integrity, accuracy, consistency, transparency and reliability under the enterprise IT platform.
Data integration between PDM modules, all reports are automatically generated based on the same product materials.
Note: (1) Process-oriented integration (POI) is to realize the coordination and data transmission between processes in a certain order, and its goal is to maximize the value of business activities by realizing the coordination and collaboration of related business processes. (2) Service-oriented integration (SOI), which realizes the calling of * * * shared objects by integrating the services of the business layer, and realizes complex functions by aggregating multiple simple applications and services. 2. 1.4 Information resource evaluation
The application of information system is ultimately manifested in the effective use of information resources, because the evaluation of information resources itself is very important and a heavy workload when evaluating enterprise information. It mainly involves the evaluation of enterprise coding system and the evaluation of information source, processing and enjoyment. Through evaluation, it aims to understand the quantity and quality of enterprise information resources and analyze the standardization and standardization of resources. Mainly reflected in the following aspects:
2. 1.4. 1 information coding system
The establishment of company information platform can not be separated from the support of coding system.
Company codes begin with PDM, that is, all material codes and document codes are automatically generated by PDM system according to established rules.
Material codes include products, spare parts, parts, outsourced parts, outsourced standard parts, enterprise standard parts, special parts, raw material codes, etc.
The material code is managed and published as the company's standardized document.
The revision and improvement of material coding is the responsibility of the office of the company's technical center.
Automatic coding rules under PDM system are maintained by special personnel.
The information transmission, summary, classification and sharing between PDM and CAPP/ERP are identified by material identification code.
2. 1.4.2 information * * * resource classification
design drawing
Design BOM
Product structure BOM
Product design and development plan
Power of attorney for product design task
Product design task book
Pre-investment and purchase list for prenatal preparation
Design change notice
spare parts list
List of vulnerable parts
Summary list of purchased parts
Records of design approval process
Archive the records of the drawing process.
Through authority control, the above information resources can be safe, transparent and reliable. 2. 1.5 human resource application evaluation
The evaluation of human resource application mainly includes the organizational structure and personnel composition of enterprise informatization, the evaluation of responsibility, right and benefit, and the evaluation of users' training, business level and proficiency. Through evaluation, on the one hand, we can put forward a reasonable IT organizational structure, personnel composition and supporting responsibilities, rights and benefits in combination with the actual situation of enterprises, so as to ensure the effective promotion of enterprise informatization from the organization; On the other hand, according to employees' understanding and use of informatization, targeted training plans can be put forward to further promote the deepening application of the existing system; In addition, it is also a powerful supplement to evaluate the application of existing information systems from the perspective of human resources. 2. 1.6 Evaluation of information-related systems
The evaluation of informatization-related systems mainly aims at the establishment and implementation of enterprise informatization-related norms and systems. At present, many enterprises' information systems are in use, but the corresponding systems have not been established. Although the system has been established, it remains in form and cannot be implemented in depth. Through evaluation, the informatization system is closely integrated with the daily management of enterprises, especially with performance appraisal, to ensure the seriousness of the system and the effectiveness of implementation, and finally informatization becomes an indispensable means of daily work. 2.2 Enterprise informatization benefit evaluation
2.2. 1 preface
Like other investments of enterprises, information investment should also pay attention to returns and outputs, so we need to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the economic and social benefits brought by information projects to enterprises, or the explicit and invisible benefits brought to enterprises, so as to further guide the investment behavior of enterprises.
Because the construction, popularization and use of enterprise informatization is a long-term and complicated system engineering, which involves a wide range in enterprises and the benefits produced by informatization are also very complicated. In order to make a comprehensive, in-depth and meticulous quantitative evaluation of the benefits of informatization implementation, in-depth and systematic research is needed. Therefore, the evaluation of the benefits of PDM/CAE/3D implementation is mainly carried out from qualitative and quantitative perspectives, which has great influence on the generalization, serialization, standardization, construction and cost reduction of enterprises.
2. 2. 2 Evaluation and analysis of project management benefits
2.2.2. 1 qualitative assessment
Realize the structured and visual management of product data and drawing reports, and anyone who wants to see them can see the design, process, production plan and procurement and enjoy a data platform.
Realize the control and management of drawing version, and all design changes or updates are traceable and traceable to avoid repeating the same mistakes.
Business process standardization and electronic management make its operation not only more standardized and standardized, but also simple and efficient.
Product structure data and drawing documents are controlled and managed by PDM authority, which is more safe and reliable.
Realize the synchronous or parallel work of design and technology, production preparation and procurement, and shorten the time of production preparation and procurement.
It is convenient to reuse materials, product structures and drawings and documents, improve the reuse rate of parts, reduce errors and design workload, draw fewer drawings and improve design quality.
It provides a platform for the serial design (configuration) and management of product parts, which is convenient for the serial management and design of product parts.
It provides a universal and standardized management platform for parts, which is convenient for defining common standards and carrying out standardized design accordingly.
Provide a general design management platform for product parts classification and query, and realize rapid modification (change) of design.
To realize the accumulation and management of enterprise knowledge, we can integrate design methods, design concepts, design knowledge, design experience and design models on one platform to realize knowledge sharing.
Provide an integrated platform with different systems such as 3D/CAPP/ERP, and open up the upstream and downstream data links of products.
To provide a collaborative design management platform between the company and domestic and foreign countries-to establish a dynamic alliance of enterprises, to make full use of the advantages of different regional resources, and to operate 2.2.2.2 quantitative evaluation with high technology, high quality and low cost.
Take the typical product dumper as an example to compare. 2.2.3CAE/3D benefit evaluation and analysis
1 preface
CAE (Computer Aided Engineering Simulation) is an indispensable advanced design means and method in product development and innovative design at home and abroad. At present, most design and manufacturing enterprises in China use computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided engineering simulation (CAE) and computer-aided manufacturing technology (CAM) to design and manufacture products. Some enterprises have even realized the integration of CAD/CAE/CAM technology, paperless design and manufacturing, significantly enhanced the R&D ability and innovation ability of products, and basically realized the integration of R&D means with the same industry abroad. In this process, CAE simulation technology has played a great role in promoting. Compared with the past, CAE simulation is not only a supporting role, but also an ex post calculation. Instead, we should participate in the whole design process, including calculating and evaluating the original design scheme, improving and optimizing the design scheme, and finally determining an optimal or most reasonable design scheme, which not only meets the functional requirements of users, but also meets the design functional requirements of the product structure itself such as stress, deformation, stability and vibration, and truly improves the design quality and reliability of the product.
CAE simulation analysis is a sharp tool to solve the above design function requirements. Generally speaking, the main tasks of CAE simulation analysis include: finding design defects (such as drawing size error, interference between parts, etc. ), reduce the weight (such as reducing the thickness, simplifying the structure, etc.). ), increase the strength, optimize the structure and size of parts, optimize the performance, select the appropriate materials, and check the safety factor.
The basic method of CAE simulation analysis is to divide a continuous physical object into several discrete and interrelated objects by using mature mathematical and mechanical algorithms, that is, finite element method; According to the given working conditions and boundary conditions, the mechanical, deformation, thermal, vibration and acoustic characteristics of each unit node are calculated. Finally, according to the design calculation standard, the calculation results are evaluated and analyzed, the design scheme is confirmed, or the modification opinions are put forward. Generally, it includes statics, stress/displacement, temperature, mode, vibration/natural frequency, others (heat transfer, nonlinear materials, buckling, noise, optimization, dynamic response) and other factors.
The role of 2.2.3.2 CAE simulation technology in product life cycle
CAE simulation analysis can play an important role in the whole product life cycle and create great benefits for enterprises. Every product has a life cycle from conceptual (preliminary) design, technical design, detailed design, etc. to scrapping. Simulation analysis can create benefits at all stages of this cycle. The key point is to ensure the correctness of the design in the early stage of design, avoid waste and mistakes, and provide good guarantee for manufacturing, sales and post-support services before major investment in machine tools, tooling and raw material preparation.
Simulation Analysis of 2.2.3.3 Concept (Preliminary) Design Stage
In the conceptual design stage, product planning and scheme design should be considered according to market demand, product function and business bidding. At this time, CAE simulation analysis can provide designers with verification based on user design, comparative calculation and analysis of different bidding schemes, and provide reference for enterprise decision makers to make product and business decisions; It can answer whether the enterprise can complete the development, design and manufacturing tasks required by users under the constraints of scheduled time, scheduled cost and existing equipment capacity.
Simulation Analysis of Detailed (Construction Drawing) Design Stage in 2.2.3.4
At this stage, all the design will be carried out, from system design, component assembly, sub-component assembly, component design, to drawings, materials, manufacturing technology and so on. The role of CAE simulation analysis at this stage is to verify whether various parts meet the expected performance and manufacturing feasibility, and whether the existing processing equipment meets the structural design requirements (such as sheet thickness and radius). ), whether the process steps or tooling are the most simplified, etc. , and can be simulated from the system to a single part. These tasks are mainly completed by structural analysis engineers, design engineers and manufacturing technologists.
Simulation Analysis of 2.2.3.5 Experimental Platform
The experimental stage is the key stage after the design is completed. Most enterprises first make physical prototypes and put them into experiments. If the experiment fails in some places, it will be redesigned, re-manufactured, re-experimented, and so on until the stereotype is passed. Obviously, this repeated design, testing, modification and process is time-consuming and extremely expensive. If computer simulation analysis is adopted, the number of prototypes and the number of remanufacturing and retesting will inevitably decrease. Obviously, the cost of finding problems and modifying the design in the simulation test of digital prototype is much lower than that of physical prototype. According to statistics, the development of digital prototype can reduce the manufacturing and testing of physical prototype by more than half, thus winning more time and saving a lot of money. Moreover, CAE simulation analysis can simulate the field use environment and conditions in advance, so that the physical test can pass faster. In fact, the simulation analysis can see through the test of the whole prototype and display the data of all test points. Using simulation software, test engineers can master the best test method and the most possible load/excitation position before the actual test, thus significantly reducing the test time and avoiding guessing at the test site as much as possible.
Simulation Analysis of Manufacturing Stage in 2.2.3.6
This stage is the actual manufacturing stage of the product. Through simulation calculation, the process steps can be further determined, the manufacturing process can be optimized and the waste can be reduced. The machining error can be calculated, and the delivery date can be guaranteed by modifying the drawing size to avoid waste and repair.
The new three-car dumper in 2.2.3.7 uses CAE simulation technology to avoid patent barriers.
The new three-car dumper is designed and manufactured by our company for the sixth company of Qinhuangdao Port Authority. In order to avoid patent barriers, the design of its main steel structure must be different from similar products at home and abroad on the premise of meeting the requirements of strength and stiffness. For example, after the main steel structure form of the three beams and the end ring is changed, whether its strength and stiffness can meet the design requirements, whether the structural weight is the lightest, and whether the material utilization rate is reasonable. The application of CAE technology solves these problems. Compared with the existing similar equipment abroad, the dumper has the characteristics of novel design of rotor steel structure and main steel structure, unique design of car-leaning and car-pressing devices, which can greatly improve the service life of the three-car dumper, with simple maintenance and superior performance, breaking the technical barrier of foreign intellectual property rights and creating a precedent for promoting market operation with technological innovation. Compared with the existing three-car dumper, the rotor steel structure of the new dumper adopts three-beam two-end ring structure, and other parts adopt full-box structure; The joint of each beam and the end ring adopts a variable cross-section beam structure; Using the legs on both sides of the platform to arrange the locomotive can reduce the stress value of the steel structure and facilitate the use and maintenance; The backup plate device adopts the groove structure with variable cross section, and the length of the backup plate meets the railway requirements, which can solve the electromagnetic pulse arrangement problem of the three-beam structure; The tilting cylinder of dump truck is controlled by magnetic ruler, which solves the synchronization problem of tilting plates at home and abroad at present. In order to solve the problem of layout of the backup plate oil cylinder with three beams, the backup plate oil cylinder adopts nested structure, that is, the structure combined behind the side beams of the backup plate. The maximum calculated stress value of the newly developed rotor steel structure of the three-car dumper is 78MPa, which is much lower than that of 168MPa of Dravo and H&: 186MPa of S.
Under the guidance of CAE optimization technology, the scheme design of the whole dumper is completed. The close cooperation between CAE analysis engineer and design engineer not only optimizes the overall structure, but also reduces the local stress concentration, and solves the two essential problems of service life and maintainability.
It should be said that the new three-car dumper independently developed by us represents the highest level of large-scale dumper design at present. Using CAE simulation optimization technology, we not only avoided the existing patent barriers, but also obtained our own intellectual property rights and applied for patent protection. 3 the ultimate goal of enterprise informatization evaluation
Enterprise informatization evaluation plays a connecting role in the process of informatization construction, even if the project ends in the informatization stage, it is the beginning of a new stage. Through the evaluation of the present situation of informatization, we can grasp the current informatization level of the company as a whole, determine which aspects need to be improved, which subsystems need to be further implemented and which subsystems need to be integrated, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the existing information system investment, clarify the informatization implementation objectives in the next stage, and lay the foundation for the new round of informatization planning and implementation of the enterprise.