Electronic materials and components are an important part of the core basic industries. They are at the front end of the electronic information industry chain and are the basis for the development of systems and terminal products such as communications, computers and networks, and digital audio and video. They are important to the electronics industry. The information industry plays a vital role in technological innovation and making it bigger and stronger.
1. Review of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" - The industrial development trend is good and can basically meet the domestic market demand
"Tenth Five-Year Plan" During the Five-Year Plan period, my country's electronic materials and components industry has developed well. The industrial scale has further expanded, the product structure has improved, technological innovation has made new progress, and medium and low-end products can basically meet the needs of the domestic market.
It is worth mentioning that during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the new display device industry made breakthroughs. Two domestic fifth-generation TFT-LCD production lines achieved mass production and owned a certain number of core patents; my country's optical fiber preform technology with independent intellectual property rights has been successfully developed and industrialized; domestic capacitor companies have broken through the bottleneck of metal electrodes, greatly reduced the cost of MLCC and improved product competitiveness; the solar cell industry has developed rapidly, and the scale of solar panel production has Ranking fourth in the world.
At the same time, it should also be noted that there are still some urgent problems that need to be solved in my country's electronic materials and components industry: First, structural contradictions are still prominent, with a surplus of mid- and low-end products, and high-end products mainly rely on imports; second, there is a lack of Core technology and product profits are low; third, the enterprise is small in scale and has insufficient investment in technology development.
2. The situation faced by the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" - technology must be improved, the market must be expanded, and the industrial environment must be improved
The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Electronic Basic Materials and Key Components" (hereinafter referred to as the "Special Plan") comprehensively and objectively analyzes the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" from three aspects: technology development trends, market demand analysis and industrial development environment. 5. The situation faced by the development of my country's electronic materials and components industry.
(1) Technology development trends - miniaturization, chip-based, high-performance, integrated, intelligent and environmentally friendly
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In the next few years, new components will continue to develop in the direction of miniaturization, chip type, high performance, integration, intelligence, environmental protection and energy saving. Flat panel display devices will develop in the direction of large area and high integration, replacing traditional CRT technology and becoming the mainstream of the market. TFT-LCD and PDP have become mainstream flat panel display devices. The cost of new generation display products such as OLED, microdisplay rear projection, and FED has been significantly reduced, and the yield rate continues to increase. There are still variables in the future market structure. CRT products are accelerating the development towards high resolution and short tube neck. The traditional CRT industry is facing tremendous pressure from overall transformation. Electronic materials are developing in the direction of high performance, green and composite materials. The integration of electronic technology with metallurgy, non-ferrous metals, chemical industry and other technologies continues to deepen. High-precision and high-reliability equipment and new process technologies will become important factors affecting the development of electronic materials technology. Green and harmless materials and production process technologies will be widely used.
Our country has a good industrial and technological foundation in the fields of capacitors, printed circuit boards, batteries and other new components. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the opportunities for industrial development outweigh the challenges. Currently, display devices are in a critical period of technological transformation. my country's industry and technology preparations for TFT-LCD and PDP are insufficient, and future development faces severe challenges. Innovations in the fields of new generation display technologies such as OLED, LCOS, and FED are active, and there are still problems in achieving independence. Breakthrough opportunities for innovation.
(2) Market demand analysis - entering a new round of rapid growth
With the development of the next generation of Internet, new generation of mobile communications and digital TV Gradually commercialized, the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" electronic materials and components market has entered a new round of rapid growth. It is expected that the global market will continue to maintain an average annual growth rate of about 10%, and the market size will increase from US$540 billion in 2005 to 2010. 900 billion, the growth of the global market provides greater space for the export of my country's electronic materials and component products.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the general trend of the global electronic information product manufacturing industry shifting to China will not change, and the scale of the domestic industry will further expand, thus driving the steady growth of domestic market demand for electronic materials and components. The market size is expected to increase from 2005 to 2005. 1.15 trillion yuan increased to 3.1 trillion yuan in 2010. Among them, the demand for flat panel display devices, solar cells and semiconductor lighting (LED) products is particularly strong and should attract great attention. The substantial growth in domestic demand will effectively promote the development of my country's electronic materials and components industry.
After the development of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan", new flat-panel display devices have dominated the small-size display market represented by mobile phone screens; in the market represented by monitors and notebook computers The medium-sized display market dominates; currently, flat-panel display devices are entering large-scale applications represented by televisions, with a market share approaching 30%. It is expected that during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period, flat-panel TVs will further replace the dominant position of traditional CRT TVs. This major transformation will inevitably bring the new display device industry into the fast lane of development.
In recent years, developed countries have attached great importance to the solar cell industry and introduced a series of policies and measures to promote industrial development and product application, stimulating the rapid growth of the world solar cell market. In 2005, the global solar cell market The scale reaches 1460MW. Due to the high cost of power generation, it is currently difficult for solar cells to enter the commercial stage of large-scale promotion and application. In the next few years, with the continuous breakthroughs in product technology, especially polycrystalline silicon production process technology, the cost of solar cells will gradually decrease, and the market will continue to grow. By 2010, the global solar cell market size will be 3500MW-4000MW. my country is rich in solar energy resources and has great market demand potential. However, it lacks systematic policies to promote industrial development and encourage large-scale applications. At the end of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan", the total domestic installed capacity was only 75MW, and the market has not yet really started.
The application of LED products in indication, signal and other fields is becoming increasingly mature. It dominates the mobile phone backlight market and in the field of notebook display backlight applications started to take off. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, with the continuous development of technology, the application of LED in the field of large-screen display will be further expanded, and it is likely to achieve breakthroughs in the field of general lighting, pushing the world LED market into a stage of explosive growth.
(3) The environment faced by industrial development - opportunities and challenges coexist
The electronic materials and components industry embodies independent innovation capabilities and realizes industrial development. With the implementation of the strategy of building an innovative country and an electronic power, the domestic macro-environment will be more conducive to industrial development. In the next few years, with the gradual advancement of the next generation of Internet, new generation of mobile communications, and digital TV, the upgrading of the electronic complete machine industry will bring huge market opportunities to the development of the electronic materials and components industry. After several years of development after joining the WTO, my country's electronic materials and component companies have gradually adapted to WTO requirements, mastered and been able to apply international rules, and participated in international competition more extensively.
However, in the core links of the industrial chain such as high-end components and key electronic materials, domestic industries are still weak and key technologies are controlled by others. The situation is still difficult to change in the short term. At present, the development and industrialization threshold of new technologies and new products are getting higher and higher, and investment risks are increasing. Flat-panel display devices are increasingly showing the same capital- and technology-intensive industrial characteristics as the integrated circuit industry. The investment in a sixth-generation LCD panel production line has reached 2 billion US dollars, and the investment in a seventh-generation production line has reached more than 3 billion US dollars. Domestic industries in these fields are still under development. In its infancy, enterprises are weak, their investment and financing capabilities are insufficient, and the domestic capital market environment is difficult to adapt to the rapidly changing financing needs of the information industry. These have become key factors restricting the sustainable and healthy development of my country's information industry, which requires joint efforts by the state and enterprises. , can we make a breakthrough.
3. Development ideas and goals of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” – to innovate and achieve new breakthroughs in key areas
(1) Development ideas - adhere to the combination of tracking and breakthroughs, the combination of introduction and innovation, do something and not do something, concentrate efforts, and make key breakthroughs
According to the domestic industry development situation during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period Based on the opportunities and challenges faced by the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" and from the strategic perspective of "building an electronic power", the "Special Plan" puts forward the development ideas for my country's electronic materials and components industry. Different from previous plans, the "Special Plan" highlights "innovation" and clearly proposes the R&D and Industrialization ideas. my country's electronic materials and components industry system is relatively complete and has certain traditional advantages in some fields. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, in accordance with the strategic deployment of the electronic information industry to achieve innovative and benefit-oriented transformation, we will concentrate our superior forces to achieve new breakthroughs in key areas. .
Considering that my country's electronic materials and components industry is characterized by "scattered, chaotic and small", there are major problems such as the lack of key enterprises in the industry, a surplus of low-end products, a shortage of high-end products, and key technologies are controlled by others, "Special Project" The Plan proposes that during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to introduce, digest, absorb and innovate based on its own characteristics, improve integrated innovation capabilities, encourage original innovation, increase technological transformation, further upgrade the industrial level, and continuously meet the needs of complete machine products.
Taking into account the increasing demand for environmentally friendly and energy-saving electronic products in domestic and foreign markets, and the successive introduction of relevant domestic and foreign restrictive laws and regulations, the "Special Plan" highlights "greening" in its thinking and proposes to strengthen the Development of new non-hazardous components and environmentally friendly electronic materials.
Taking into account the major trend that new display devices will gradually replace the traditional CRT industry, the "Special Plan" specifically highlights the idea of ????accelerating the development of new display devices and accelerating the strategic transformation of the color tube industry.
(2) Development goals - to make breakthroughs in new components, new display devices and electronic materials
Comprehensive analysis of various factors On the basis of the "Special Plan", the "Special Plan" puts forward the overall development goals of my country's electronic materials and components industry during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan". At the same time, in accordance with the principle of "do something and do something not to do", it focuses on new components, new displays The development goals of the three main sub-industries of devices and electronic materials. It should be pointed out that the industry statistics and indicators involved in the "Special Plan" include electronic components, electronic devices, and electronic materials, excluding integrated circuits. In order to be basically consistent with the industry plan, the sales revenue, industrial added value, total profit, number of enterprises, employees and other data in the "Special Plan" are based on the data of the electronic information industry manufacturing industry above designated size published by the Ministry of Information Industry; Import and export data are all based on China Customs statistics, and are used as the basis and basis for 2010 industrial development goals and market size predictions.
According to the research on the development rules of the world's electronic materials and components industry and the prediction of the development of my country's electronic materials and components industry, my country's electronic materials and components industry will continue to maintain sustained growth during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. Rapid growth, but the growth rate will be slower than during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period. The average annual growth rate is expected to be around 24%, and product sales revenue will increase from 855.3 billion yuan in 2005 to 2.5 trillion yuan in 2010. Among them, new components reached 1.8 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of about 20%; new display devices reached 250 billion yuan, with a growth rate of more than 60%.
4. The development focus of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" - accelerating structural adjustment, promoting the integration of industry and use, and making breakthroughs in key technologies
(1) Electronic components industry
1. Chip components - increase share and promote structural adjustment
Chip resistive-capacitive sensing components are the most widely used components Products, product miniaturization and chip level have become one of the important indicators to measure the technological development level of electronic components. In the next few years, miniaturization will remain one of the most important development trends of electronic components in the world. Chip components in developed countries such as Japan and the United States are developing rapidly. The chip rate of capacitors and resistors has exceeded 90%, and the chip rate of inductors has also reached 80%.
Traditional leaded products still account for a large proportion in our country. In recent years, many developed countries have no longer produced such products, so there is still a certain market. This is the basis for the survival of many domestic small and medium-sized enterprises. But in the long term, the share of chip components should be gradually increased. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, we must vigorously develop chip components and promote industrial structural adjustment, focusing on the development of ultra-small chip multilayer ceramic capacitors, chip inductors, microwave dielectric devices, high-frequency piezoelectric ceramic devices, quartz crystal devices, Anti-electromagnetic interference (EMT/EMP) filters and other products meet the R&D and production needs of my country's communications and audio-visual products.
2. Printed circuit board - increase investment, research and development, and accelerate industrialization
Printed circuit board is indispensable for all complete machine products The basic component is the substrate on which electronic components are assembled. Overcapacity of printed circuit boards still exists worldwide and is difficult to change in the short term. Our country has become a major producer of printed circuit boards in the world, and its output ranks first in the world. However, the products are mainly medium and low-end. The overcapacity phenomenon of single-sided and double-sided boards with low technical level is serious, while high-end boards such as multi-layer boards and flexible boards have a serious overcapacity problem. Products mainly rely on imports. In 2005, my country imported US$6.57 billion in printed circuit boards, with a trade deficit as high as US$1.23 billion, of which the import value of printed circuit boards with more than 4 layers alone reached more than US$2 billion. At the same time, printed circuit boards are also one of the most polluting products.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the industry should increase investment and focus on the research and development of high-density interconnection multi-layer printed circuit boards (HDI), multi-layer flexible boards (FPC) and rigid-flex printing. Products such as circuit boards (R-FPC) that are in short supply domestically and require large quantities of imports must be accelerated to industrialize; we must also comply with the trend of greening, increase research and development efforts, actively adopt new materials and new technologies, and promote the application of environmentally friendly processes to serve the industry and even the country. Contribute to energy conservation and emission reduction.
3. Hybrid integrated circuits - accelerating industrial development and realizing the start of the industry as soon as possible
With the continuous emergence of new materials and new processes, the connotation and technology of hybrid integrated circuits have changed. Big changes, functions are constantly enhanced, they are increasingly widely used in digital-to-analog conversion, power control and other fields, and the demand is also increasing, highlighting their industrial importance. In recent years, the world hybrid integrated circuit market has shown rapid growth, with an average annual growth rate of 10%. In 2005, it exceeded US$45 billion. It is expected that the market will continue to grow rapidly in the next few years. my country's hybrid integrated circuit market is growing at a very rapid rate. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual growth rate of the market reached 30%. In 2005, the domestic market reached US$7.85 billion. However, in stark contrast to the domestic market, the domestic industrial base is very weak and market supply mainly relies on imports. In 2005, the import volume reached US$6.68 billion, accounting for 85.9% of the domestic market. The import and export trade deficit reached US$5.87 billion, which was the largest import volume. The component product with the largest trade deficit. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to accelerate the development of the hybrid integrated circuit industry and achieve the start of the industry as soon as possible.
4. Sensors and sensitive components - expand industrial scale, strengthen market development, and improve product technology content
Sensors and sensitive components are used for information collection The main means is one of the basic components of instrumentation and automation systems. With the continuous advancement of the transformation of traditional industries and the improvement of national energy conservation, emission reduction and ecological environmental protection requirements, intelligent instruments and meters are increasingly used, and the market for sensors and sensitive components is growing rapidly. In recent years, my country's manufacturing technology of sensitive components and sensors has made great progress, with varying degrees of breakthroughs and innovations in design, key processes, reliability, and product development. However, there is still a big gap compared with developed countries. The level of scientific research and development is about 5 to 10 years behind developed countries; the production technology is about 10 to 15 years behind. Therefore, in the next five years, we must further increase investment and expand industrial scale; strengthen market development and expand exports; increase research and development efforts, improve product technology content, and enhance competitiveness.
5. Green batteries - develop low-cost and high-efficiency batteries and increase their research and development efforts
With the increasing calls for environmental protection and the increasing shortage of primary energy sources such as natural fossils, major developed countries Attaching great importance to the research and development and production of new green batteries, the market is rising sharply.
The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" is an important strategic opportunity period for our country to comprehensively build a moderately prosperous society. It is also an important period for building a resource-saving society and developing a circular economy. Actively developing new green and high-efficiency batteries and continuing to develop and expand the power industry are not only intrinsic requirements for building a resource-saving society, but also an inevitable choice for participating in future international competition. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, continue to support the development of large-capacity, high-reliability lithium-ion batteries and polymer lithium-ion batteries, focus on the development of low-cost and high-efficiency solar cells (including thin-film solar cells), and increase the research and development of fuel cells and power batteries. .
6. New semiconductor discrete devices - increase technological transformation, improve product quality, and develop power devices
Semiconductor discrete devices are widely used in computers, communications, audio-visual and other fields. my country has now become the world's largest discrete device market, accounting for about 1/3 of the global market. The market will still grow at a rate of 20% in the next few years. my country's discrete device industry is developing rapidly, with an industry scale of about 50 billion yuan, accounting for about 15.7% of the world market. However, the discrete device products produced in our country are at the mid- to low-end level, and 90% of the mid-to-high-end products need to be imported from abroad. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, we must seize the opportunity of traditional industrial transformation, further increase technological transformation, improve product quality, develop new semiconductor discrete devices, and focus on the development of power semiconductor discrete devices.
7. New electromechanical components - increase corporate research and development efforts, focusing on the development of optical fiber and cable products
Electromechanical components are an important part of completing line connections or realizing system functions, and are indispensable components, the market will continue to grow in the future. my country's electromechanical component industry is relatively strong. The output of micro motors accounts for more than 60% of the world market. The output of electroacoustic devices, cable TV RF cables and other products ranks first in the world. The output of photoelectric cables, connectors and relays also ranks first in the world. Forefront. But overall, my country's electromechanical component products are mainly concentrated in the mid-to-low-end level, with few new electromechanical component products and mainly relying on imports. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, while continuing to maintain the advantages of mid- to low-end products, enterprises are encouraged to increase research and development efforts, focusing on the development of brushless intelligent micro motors, miniaturization, high density, high frequency, anti-interference and multi-functional new interfaces. Plug-ins, miniaturized and intelligent high-performance relays, large-capacity, wide-band communication, data, television, radio frequency cables, thin micro, highly sensitive, wide-band, high-fidelity electro-acoustic devices, microwave components and assemblies, new low attenuation , high-bandwidth, large-capacity optical fiber cables and other products.
8. Optical communication devices - organize the integration of industry, academia, research and application, and encourage complete machine companies and device companies to carry out extensive cooperation
Optical communication technology is the core of the next generation transmission network and is the key to building the next generation transmission network. Key to the National Information Superhighway. With the development of communication technology and industry, the market for optical communication devices is becoming increasingly broad. my country's communications industry is developing rapidly, but optical communications devices cannot yet be fully matched domestically, and key components still need to be imported. Vigorously developing optical communications devices and gradually replacing imports plays a vital role in developing my country's communications industry. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, we must actively track the world's technological development trends, increase investment in research and development, organize the integration of industry, academia, and research, encourage complete machine companies and device companies to carry out extensive cooperation, and focus on the development of high-speed optical receiver/transmitter modules, optocoupler, Optical active devices, optoelectronic switching devices, optical passive devices, MEMS optical switches and other devices.
(2) New display devices - expand industrial scale, cultivate independent innovation capabilities, and achieve industrialization
New display devices mainly include thin film transistor liquid crystal displays Devices (TFT-LCD), plasma display devices (PDP), organic electroluminescent devices (OLED), surface conduction electron-emitting devices (SED), etc. are replacement technologies for cathode ray tubes (CRT). TFT-LCD and PDP have developed rapidly and have become the current mainstream flat panel display technologies. At present, new flat panel display devices have become key components of digital complete products such as digital TVs, computers, and mobile communication terminals. The market size is nearly 100 billion U.S. dollars. It has a significant stimulating effect on the industry and has become a new economic growth that supports the sustainable development of the global information industry. One of the key points is strategic high-tech industries.
Accelerating the development of my country's flat panel display device industry will help drive the development of microelectronics, optoelectronics, electronic materials, electronic special equipment, military electronics and other electronic technologies, promote technological progress and structural upgrading of the electronic information industry, and enhance independent innovation capabilities.
The development of my country's TFT-LCD and PDP industries is seriously lagging behind. Currently, most of the panels for computer LCD monitors and notebook computers, as well as all flat-panel display screens for color TVs, rely on imports, resulting in domestic Color TV companies have no say in the upstream supporting products that account for more than 70% of the cost of flat-panel color TVs. Faced with strong competition from Japanese and Korean color TV companies that have advantages in upstream screen resources and increasingly vertical integration of the industrial chain, domestic color TVs are losing the market leadership established over the past 20 years and are in danger of falling into industry losses again. Therefore, during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, our country must vigorously develop new display devices. New display devices are a technology- and capital-intensive industry with the characteristics of large-scale investment, rapid replacement, and active innovation. Our country must not only accelerate the development of mainstream products such as TFT-LCD and PDP, but also attach great importance to the development of new generation display technology. , aim at the future market, make overall plans, start early, increase investment in research and development, and avoid repeating the mistakes of TFT-LCD and PDP products in a passive situation.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, in response to the needs of digitalization, high-definition, and flat-panelization, priority will be given to the development of TFT-LCD and PDP, the vertical integration of the industrial chain and the horizontal alliance of enterprises will be promoted, the industrial scale will be expanded, and independent innovation will be cultivated Capabilities; focus on supporting the development of process and production technology of new generation flat panel display devices such as OLED, striving to achieve industrialization; accelerating the strategic transfer of the traditional color tube industry, and actively developing high-end color tube products such as high-definition and short tube necks. In the TFT-LCD field, on the one hand, we support the construction of sixth-generation and above TFT-LCD large-size panel production lines to meet the demand for large-size LCD TVs. We also consider the small and medium-sized product markets such as mobile phones and PDAs and support the construction of small-size TFT-LCD panel production lines. . While developing midstream panel manufacturing, it is necessary to accelerate the development and industrialization process of key domestic accessories and strive to achieve breakthroughs in color filters, substrate glass, polarizers, new backlights, some production equipment and materials for TFT-LCD ; Focus on the development of PDP displays, drive circuits and modules above 42″, and master large-scale mass production technology; actively organize basic technology research and development of OLED/PLED, SED devices and modules; actively develop small-size main/secondary screens for mobile phones, PDAs and MP3 OLED display. Focus on the development of digital high-definition color tubes and related accessories, special oscilloscope tubes (for medical, instrument, and nuclear radiation)
(3) Electronics. Materials - develop high technology content, improve independent supporting capabilities, and focus on the development of environmentally friendly materials
Electronic materials are an important part of the electronic information product manufacturing industry and are the foundation and forerunner of the development of the electronic information industry. As basic materials, it has penetrated into all fields of the national economy and national defense construction. Without high-quality electronic materials, it is impossible to produce high-performance electronic components. In recent years, the technical level and industrial scale of my country's electronic materials industry have improved. With great development, the output of magnetic materials, artificial crystals and other materials has ranked first in the world, and the export scale is also large. However, my country's electronic materials companies are small and scattered, and their products are mainly medium and low-end, with low technical content and high technical requirements. Materials are still mainly dependent on imports, and key technologies in the industry are basically monopolized by foreign companies, which affects the sustained and healthy development of my country's electronic information industry and threatens the safety of the industry.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, vigorous efforts must be made. Develop the electronic materials industry, accelerate the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, and provide strong support for the development of the electronic information industry. Strengthen international cooperation, promote the integration of industry and application, break through some key technologies, and narrow the gap between electronic materials and foreign advanced levels. Electronic information materials with high market prospects will improve domestic independent supporting capabilities and focus on the development of environmentally friendly electronic materials.
5. Regarding policies and measures - strengthening industry guidance, increasing financial support, expanding international cooperation, and strengthening team building
Starting from the actual development of my country's electronic materials and components industry, and in response to the practical problems that restrict industrial development, in order to ensure the smooth realization of the development goals of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the "Special Plan" puts forward four Specific policy measures: First, strengthen macro guidance for the industry and study and formulate relevant policies and measures. The second is to increase financial support. The state should increase investment in guiding the research and development and industrialization of new technologies. At the same time, it should focus on building an investment and financing system that adapts to the development needs of technology- and capital-intensive industries. The third is to actively utilize foreign capital and expand international cooperation. The fourth is to attach great importance to talent cultivation and introduction, and strengthen the construction of talent teams. The effective implementation of these policies and measures is the key to ensuring the healthy and rapid development of my country's electronic materials and components industry, and should attract the attention of industry authorities at all levels.