What does the letter after the title mean in the bibliography of some works?

Is the code name of the reference; [M] representative monograph.

I. References can be divided into:

1, monograph [M]

2, the meeting record [C]

3, newspaper articles [N]

4, journal articles [J]

5. Dissertation

6. Report

7. Standards

8. patents [P]

9. Papers concentrated precipitation document [A]

10, magazine [G]

Two. Types of electronic documents:

1, database [DB]

2. Computer

3. Electronic bulletin

Three, the carrier type of electronic literature:

1, Internet [OL]

2. CDs

3. magnetic tape [MT]

4. Disks

Extended data

Examples of the format of references:

I monographs, papers and reports

[serial number] Principal. Title of the document [Document Type ID]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page number (optional).

For example: [1] Liu Guojun, Chen Shaoye. Library catalogue [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press,1957:15-18.

Second, journal articles

【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. File title [J]. Publication name, year, volume (issue): page numbers.

For example:

[1] He Lingxiu. Read the history of Nanming [J]. Study on the History of China, 1998, (3): 167- 173.

Ou Jianping, Song Tietao, et al. New progress in application research of passive energy dissipation system [J]. Earth Gaga Project,1997,38 (3): 358-361.

Third, the literature deposited in the collection of essays

【 Serial number 】 The principal responsible person of the precipitation document. Title of precipitation document [A]. Principal of Original Voucher (optional) Original Voucher Title [C]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page numbers.

For example: [7] Zhong Wenfa. The Application of Nonlinear Programming in the Distribution of Combustible Poisons [A]. Zhao Wei. Theory and Application of Operations Research-Proceedings of the Fifth Congress of China Logistics Society [C]. Xi 'an: xidian university Publishing House, 1996:468.

Fourth, the thesis.

【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. Title of the document [D]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page number (optional).

For example: [4] Zhao Tianshu. Optimization of batch fermentation process of Nostoc commune peptide by stages [D]. Shenyang: Northeastern University, 20 13.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) newspaper article

【 Serial number 】 Principal responsible person. File title [N]. Name and publication date (edition) of the newspaper.

For example: [8] Xie Xide. Create new learning ideas. People's Daily,1998-12-25 (10).

Six, electronic literature

[Identification of file type/carrier type ]: [J/OL] online journals, [EB/OL] online electronic bulletin, [M/CD] CD books, [DB/OL] online database and [DB/MT] tape database.

[serial number] Principal. Title of electronic document [identification and carrier type of electronic document]. The publication or acquisition address, publication update date/citation date of the electronic document.

For example: [12] Wang Mingliang. On the progress of standardized database system engineering of academic journals in China [EB/OL] .5438+0998-08-16/1998-101.

Wanjin Abstract of Journal of China University (1983- 1993). English version [DB/CD] Beijing: China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1996.

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