"GB 4927 2008 Beer" gives the definition that beer is a low-alcohol fermented wine with malt and water as the main raw materials and hops (including hops) and carbon dioxide as the main components.
The biggest difference between these beers lies in the sterilization method and whether the finished products are allowed to contain live bacteria.
Some people may ask: Why do the beers I have seen sometimes have different shades, such as light yellow, wheat color and black?
This is about a reaction: Maillardreaction.
It is this reaction that makes the color of beer vary widely. Maillard reaction is also commonly called "browning", "non-enzymatic browning" or "scorching". The chemical reaction that occurs when we usually barbecue and bake bread is Maillard reaction.
In the process of beer brewing, malt has the greatest influence on the color of beer liquid.
Wort is the main part of beer fermentation, and the color of beer from light to dark is also due to the addition of a certain proportion of roasted malt. Roasted malt starts Maillard reaction to produce dark malt, such as chocolate malt and black patented malt. The whole process is called caramelization, which brings different colors to beer and unlimited possibilities for beer brewing. So there are different kinds of beer with different colors, as shown in the following figure:
As can be seen from the picture, there are many kinds of beer. It is generally believed that there are 85 kinds of beer in the world, and there are 8 kinds of beer 104 kinds. The structure is mainly aluminum and layers.
Al beer stands for top fermentation or normal temperature fermentation, such as Belgian Hoegaarden white beer and Belgian Chimay beer. The optimum drinking temperature is about 10~ 18℃. Unlike lager beer, Al beer will not taste beer if it is stored at too low a temperature.
Lager beer is fermented at the bottom or at low temperature, such as Qingdao, Yanjing and Snowflake. The best drinking temperature of lager fermented beer is about 7~9℃, and the taste is cool and smooth. But if the temperature is too high when drinking, its bitterness will be very obvious.
What are the common Al beers?
Light beer (bitter beer)
Light Al is native to England, its color is between golden yellow and amber, and its fermentation temperature is between 10℃ and 15℃. Different brewing materials have different tastes, with light and strong bitterness, slightly bitter compared with ordinary beer, but with strong wheat flavor.
IPA (Indian light beer) Indian light Al.
The aroma of IPA is very strong, including citrus, floral, grass and earth, which is very fresh. Because it is brewed with a lot of hops, the so-called taste is slightly bitter.
Porter porter beer
The name is particularly magical. It is said that the name is named because the porters at the dock especially like to drink this wine. Porter's English is porter. Porter beer tastes like coffee, and its fermentation temperature is 10℃ ~ 13℃.
Scottish beer, Ireland, Scotland
Named after it is produced in Edinburgh, Scotland, the alcohol concentration is very high, and the intensity is divided into three levels: light, heavy and export, with a little fruit aroma and rich malt sweetness. The fermentation temperature is 65438 00℃ ~ 65438 03℃
highland barley liquor
This is a kind of wine brewed from barley. Because it has a fruity aroma like wine, some will be cooked in Shirley or bourbon barrels in the name of wine. The wort concentration is high, and the alcohol concentration is as high as 10%.
How about dark beer Shi Tao?
The fermentation temperature is 13℃ ~ 18℃, and it is brewed with unmalted roasted barley, which has a burnt taste and roasted coffee aroma.
Weizenboke Wheat Boke
Using more than 50% wheat instead of 100% barley malt has the banana flavor and strong malt sweetness of German wheat beer, but it is the only beer fermented by Al in Burke series.
Common lager beers are:
Bok, Bok beer, Bok beer
There is often a goat icon on the wine label, which is the representative of strong beer. The fermentation temperature is 7℃ ~ 13℃, which belongs to the storage beer with high alcohol content. The roasted malt is rich in flavor and smooth in taste.
Espock, cold beer, beer
After the wine is condensed and frozen, the top frozen water is removed, and the beer with high alcohol concentration is as thick and sweet as malt extract.
How about Common/Steam in California?
(steam beer)
American beer originated in California in the middle of19th century. Due to the limitation of climate, the yeast of Lager beer is fermented at the fermentation temperature of Al beer, fermented in a shallow fermentor, and then transferred to a wooden barrel for further fermentation. As soon as the barrel is opened, it produces a lot of bubbles like steam.
Dark lager
Originated in Bavaria, it has the aroma of flowers, caramel, toast and chocolate, some have the bitterness of roasted malt, some have the sweetness of brown sugar, and the taste is more supple. The fermentation temperature is 7℃ ~ 65438 00℃. Dark beer brewed by low fermentation mode and black malt has a mellow taste, although its alcohol content is very low.
How about Schwartzbill stout?
In German, it means black, the burnt taste of roasted malt and the bitter taste of hops, and dark lager beer is the most representative.
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