Sample essay on traditional Chinese medicine
Title: About the syndrome and treatment of constipation in the elderly
1. Causes and pathogenesis
1.1 Insufficient Qi and blood is caused by old age, physical weakness, insufficient spleen and stomach function, and no source of Qi and blood biochemistry. Qi deficiency means that the conduction of the large intestine is weak, and blood deficiency means that body fluids are exhausted and the large intestine loses moisture, resulting in constipation.
1.2 Yang deficiency and cold coagulation If you are old and frail, and Yang Qi is insufficient, Yin and cold will grow in the intestines and stomach, causing Yang Qi to be blocked, body fluid to be inactive, and intestinal conduction to be weak, resulting in constipation.
1.3 Insufficient yin fluid: The elderly are frail or have been ill for a long time, or take too many laxative drugs, which can lead to severe damage to body fluids, dry intestines, and dry stools that are difficult to pass.
1.4 Qi stagnation: Elderly people are more worried or sedentary and move less, resulting in qi stagnation, obstruction of Qi in the organs, and dregs stagnating in the body, causing constipation.
1.5 Heat accumulation in the gastrointestinal tract is caused by excessive yang in the body, excessive drinking, or overeating spicy and thick food, or residual heat after a febrile disease is not exhausted, which depletes body fluids and causes the intestinal tract to lose its function. Moistening can cause constipation.
2 Treatment
2.1 Non-drug treatment: You should develop the habit of regular bowel movements, pay attention to diet and physical exercise, especially for functional constipation. Food should be rich in fiber and drink plenty of water.
2.2 Drug treatment Constipation is clinically divided into Qi constipation, deficiency constipation, cold constipation and heat constipation. Xumi is divided into two types: Qi deficiency and blood deficiency.
2.2.1 Constipation due to qi deficiency is characterized by the desire to defecate but lack of effort, stools that are not dry and hard, fatigue and cowardice, a tender tongue with thin coating, and a weak pulse. Medicinal astragalus, poria, hawthorn, woody incense, bergamot, incense, hemp seed, white honey, etc.
2.2.2 Blood deficiency constipation is characterized by constipation, pale complexion, pale tongue, thin pulse. Medicinal Angelica sinensis, hemp seed, Polygonatum odoratum, raw rehmannia root, cooked rehmannia root, ginseng root, bergamot, rhizome, citrus aurantium, raw astragalus, white honey, etc.
2.2.3 Cold secretion is characterized by difficult and astringent stools, or cold pain in the abdomen, a preference for heat and an aversion to cold, a pale tongue with white coating, and a slow and slow pulse. Medicinal angelica, fairy spleen, Cistanche deserticola, costus, citrus aurantium, hemp seed, raw astragalus, etc.
2.2.4 Qi constipation is characterized by constipation, frequent belching, abdominal distension and pain, fullness in the chest and flanks, thin and greasy fur, and a stringy pulse. Medicinal wood incense, betel nut, bergamot, turmeric, citrus aurantium, hemp seed, bupleurum, inner gold, etc.
2.2.5 Heat secretion is characterized by dry stool, thirst and preference for cold drinks, yellow and dry coating, and rapid pulse. Medicinal rhubarb, Zhizhi Zhishi, white peony root, raw rehmannia root, ginseng, raw qi, etc.
3 Typical cases
3.1 Female patient, 65 years old. Long-term constipation, accompanied by low back pain and coldness, occasional abdominal distension, and poor appetite. Pale tongue, thin white coating, and heavy pulse. The syndrome is spleen and kidney yang deficiency, and the treatment is to warm and nourish the spleen and kidneys. Recipe: 10g of fairy spleen, 20g of Cistanche deserticola, 15g of raw astragalus, 10g of bergamot, 10g of rhizome, 15g of raw hawthorn, 15g of angelica, 10g of achyranthes root, and 15g of multiflorum.
The patient is weak, has spleen and kidney yang deficiency, cold originates from the inside, and intestinal transmission is weak, so he is constipated. Insufficient kidney yang results in low back pain and coldness. Spleen deficiency and inability to transport and transform will lead to abdominal distension and poor appetite. Xianling spleen and Achyranthes root warm the kidneys and help yang, Cistanche deserticola warms and nourishes kidney yang, moistens the intestines and laxatives, bergamot and rhizome regulates qi, Polygonum multiflorum and angelica replenish blood and promote qi, moisturize the intestines and laxatives. After 5 doses, bowel movement occurred once a day. The rear defender regulates.
3.2 Male patient, 92 years old. I had undergone subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer, and I had to have bowel movements for a few days or once a week. I once used a product to purge fire and relieve constipation, but the diarrhea continued after taking it. Sometimes there is abdominal distension, fatigue, pale complexion, sometimes cough, excessive phlegm, thin yellow and slightly greasy fur, and thready pulse. The syndrome differentiation is insufficient Qi and blood, and the treatment is to replenish Qi and blood, moisten the intestines and relieve constipation. Recipe: 15g of raw astragalus, 15g of poria, 15g of Radix Pseudostellariae, 20g of whole melon and trichosanthes, 15g of bergamot, 15g of rhizome, 10g of costus, 10g of tuxiang, 15g of angelica, 15g of raw hawthorn, and 15g of white peony root.
The patient has insufficient qi and blood, and the spleen is not able to move properly, resulting in constipation and abdominal distension. Drinking water cannot be transported and transformed, and it will accumulate to form phlegm. Spleen deficiency and lack of energy and blood biochemistry will lead to pale complexion and fatigue.
Raw astragalus, Poria cocos and heterophylla Radix Pseudostellariae strengthen the spleen and replenish qi; Angelica sinensis and white peony root nourish blood and moisturize dryness; Bergamot, Scutellaria baicalensis, costus and turmeric regulate qi to help the spleen transport and transform; raw hawthorn strengthens the stomach and digestion; whole melon trichosanthes clears phlegm. It is hot and can moisturize the intestines and relieve constipation. After 5 doses, normal bowel movements will occur every 1 to 2 days. Hou Shou Fang Hua Cai mainly regulates the spleen and qi, nourishes blood and moisturizes dryness.
4 Discussions
The elderly have weakened organ functions and weak intestinal transmission, causing constipation. The main ones are virtual secret, cold secret and qi secret. During treatment, do not use medicines that purge fire and relieve constipation. Instead, you should focus on moisturizing the intestines and laxatives, and at the same time add products that regulate qi and strengthen the spleen. Although heat secretion can also occur due to diet and diseases such as drinking alcohol or overeating spicy and rich foods, it is mostly due to a mixture of deficiency and excess. Therefore, medicines for purging fire, laxative and qi-breaking should be used with caution. If laxatives are used for a long time or in excessive amounts, they will interfere with normal conditioned reflexes and form drug dependence. At the same time, they will further damage the qi, blood, and body fluids, causing the intestinal body fluids to dry up, which will in turn aggravate constipation. The application of laxatives must stop the disease immediately. After the constipation is relieved, the laxatives should be removed. According to the cause of the disease, continue to use methods such as strengthening the spleen, replenishing qi, warming yang, nourishing blood, and moistening dryness to treat the root cause. Prevent recurrence of constipation.
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Title: Analysis and Research on the Market Trend of Chinese Herbal Medicines
1. The dramatic changes in the adjustment are unusual
Affected by the SARS epidemic, the trading of Chinese medicinal materials in 2003 experienced ups and downs with unusual changes, and the overall trend was significantly better than in previous years. The trade in traditional Chinese medicinal materials is booming, sales continue to rise, and varieties have increased and decreased, showing a rare active trend in recent years. From a time point of view, it is roughly as follows: from January to March 2003, the SARS epidemic occurred, the market for Chinese medicinal materials turned from weak to smooth, transactions increased significantly compared with the winter of 2002, the prices of most varieties rose steadily, and the market began to recover; 4~ In early June, the SARS epidemic intensified, the purchase and sale of medicinal materials boomed, batch transactions accelerated, the prices of many varieties soared, and the market price of hot medicinal materials hit a record high; after June, on the one hand, the SARS epidemic was effectively controlled, and on the other hand, the country began to control traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The professional market carried out special rectification and rectification, and banned the sale of traditional Chinese medicine pieces. The trading of medicinal materials fell rapidly and fell into a trough. Entering September, the trading of medicinal materials regained vitality and the market became increasingly active. During this period, the magnitude of the fluctuations and the speed of changes were rare in previous years.
2. Sales volume continues to rise, while varieties increase and decrease
Looking at the medicinal material transactions in 2003, both sales volume and sales have increased significantly compared with previous years. The sales volume and sales volume of nearly 300 commonly used bulk medicinal materials in 17 professional Chinese herbal medicine markets across the country increased by an average of 25% to 48% and 33% to 42% respectively compared with 2002. Among them, varieties with rising prices account for about 48.5% to 54.3% of the statistics, varieties with stable prices account for about 28% to 33%, and varieties with falling prices account for about 12.7% to 23.5%.
In recent years, my country's agricultural planting structure has been continuously adjusted. Especially after joining the WTO, the market competition for agricultural products has become fierce. The "seed medicine craze" has emerged in various places, resulting in oversupply of many medicinal materials, unsalable market, and price bias. Low. In particular, some bulk commonly used Chinese medicinal materials with annual sales of more than 1,000 tons or 10,000 tons have been operating at a trough since 1998: such as isatis root, home-grown salvia miltiorrhiza, astragalus, white peony root, Magnolia officinalis, Poria cocos, etc. But SARS made the trade of traditional Chinese medicinal materials active again, which had been dormant for many years. The prices of Fangfeng, Guanzhong, Yinhua, etc. have increased dozens of times, and even the varieties that have been on the market for many years, such as isatis root, astragalus, and white peony root, have been sold out.
3. Five major incentives gave rise to a boom in medicinal materials trading
The medicinal materials trading in 2003 was booming. Although there were fluctuations in the middle, the overall transaction was significantly better than before, and it was a rare bumper year. The reasons for this positive situation are as follows:
1. Stimulated by the SARS epidemic, sales of medicinal materials are booming. In the battle against SARS, traditional Chinese medicine shined and played an important role. Suddenly, there was a rush to buy Chinese medicinal materials, which injected vitality into the sluggish medicinal material trade and helped most families grow medicinal materials to get out of the trough.
2. Affected by drought and floods, the output of medicinal materials has declined.
Drought and flood disasters have occurred successively in the south and north of my country, resulting in a serious decline in market supply in the main medicinal production areas such as Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Anhui, Heilongjiang, and Jilin. Rhizomes such as isatis root, platycodon, atractylodes, angelica, shengdi, gentian, etc. The prices of medicinal materials and seed medicinal materials such as Schisandra chinensis, Plantago chinensis, Gardenia jasminoides, Ziziphus jujuba kernel, Baiziren, Amomum villosum and other seeds have fluctuated to varying degrees.
3. Restricted by policy factors such as the ban on hunting and harvesting of wild animals and plants, returning farmland to forests, and environmental protection, especially decades of over-exploitation and utilization, wild medicinal resources are scarce and the market supply is decreasing. , causing prices to continue to rise. Wild medicinal materials have become a hot topic in the market in recent years. Wild medicinal materials such as Cordyceps sinensis, Guanfengfeng, Radix sinensis, wild ginseng, Pangolin, horsefly, horsetail, and forest frog oil have always been at high prices. In 2002, the price of wild medicinal materials increased the most, namely Cordyceps sinensis, which increased from 16,000 yuan at the beginning of the year to 26,750 yuan. The price of the extra-large Cordyceps sinensis has reached a peak of 41,000 yuan.
4. Export demand increases. Entering 2003, the export of Chinese medicinal materials showed restorative growth, and the overall situation was developing in a good direction. Especially after my country joins the WTO, the export channels of Chinese medicinal materials have been broadened and the sales scope has been expanded. Varieties such as Platycodon grandiflorum, Northern Adenophora, yam, Scutellaria baicalensis, Radix Pseudostellariae, Luo Han Guo and other varieties are exported smoothly.
5. Affected by the rise in prices of agricultural products such as grain, cotton and oil after autumn, some domestic varieties have invariably followed the rise in prices of agricultural products. ;