Including high-efficiency comprehensive mining technology for large deep concave open-pit mines, new safe and efficient mining technology for deep and complex underground mines, deep coal resources and extra-thick coal seam and thin coal seam development technology, oil flooding technology, special types Gas reservoir development technology, etc. After years of mining, 80% of my country's iron ore mines, which are mainly open-pit mines, have entered below the closed circle and transferred to deep concave or underground mining; my country's non-ferrous metals, non-metals and coal are mostly underground mines, among which coal, non-ferrous metal underground mines Accounting for more than 90%. After decades of development, mining depths have become larger and larger, some even reaching less than a thousand meters. This has brought about a series of problems such as increased mining difficulty, worsened mining conditions, reduced production efficiency, and increased costs. It has become a An important "bottleneck" in mining development. Therefore, it is urgent to vigorously develop comprehensive technologies for safe and efficient mining of deep and complex ore bodies. There is an urgent need to solve a series of major technical problems in refractory deposits through scientific and technological research, and establish a comprehensive technical system for safe and efficient mining of refractory deposits. High-efficiency comprehensive mining technology for large-scale deep concave open-pit mines is a multi-disciplinary and multi-professional comprehensive topic integrating open-pit and underground mining technologies. It is an optimized combination and configuration of the process flow and technical elements of open-pit mining and underground mining in a mining system. . At present, there is still a certain gap between the overall development level of open-pit mines in my country and the advanced foreign levels. As open-pit mines gradually move into deep recesses or underground mining conditions, further improving mining and transportation efficiency and reducing mining costs are major issues related to the sustainable development of enterprises. By solving key technical problems such as the safety of large-scale deep concave open-pit mines, efficient mining and transportation systems, and joint open-pit and underground mining, it will effectively alleviate the difficult situation of insufficient ore production capacity in the late stages of open-pit mines, extend the life of the mine, and greatly save investment in mine construction. Reduce mining costs.
In recent years, my country has achieved a large number of research results in deep mineral deposit mining through continuous research and innovation in scientific research, design and enterprises. It has accumulated certain experience in deep well mining methods, rock burst tendencies, geothermal prevention and control, and tailings filling. However, under the conditions of deep burial of the deposit, high rock temperature, large rockburst tendency, low grade and high mining intensity, how to achieve safe, efficient and clean production, the stress transfer rules and reasonable mining under the conditions of large-area mining of the ore body Sequential, deep well high stress hard mineral deposit induced fragmentation continuous mining methods and technology, deep well rock burst tunnel support materials and support technology, efficient and safe mining technology, deep well mining large-scale efficient and safe blasting technology, deep well mining underground thermal environment control Technology, dynamic real-time monitoring and early warning technology and equipment for large-area rock formation stability, and underground mining information technology need further in-depth and systematic research to provide technical support for safe and efficient mining of deep complex mineral deposits.
After more than ten years, and some after a century of production, many coal mines in our country have become deeper and deeper. The mining depth of many mines has reached 600 to 800 meters, and some have exceeded 1,000 meters. It is extending to 1200~1300 meters. Some new areas in eastern my country have very deep coal seams with hundreds of meters of alluvial layers above them. Many new technical problems will arise in well construction and future deep mining. Such as large-scale deep well construction technology in deep alluvium, complete set of fully mechanized mining technology for thick coal seams, mechanized and automated technology for fully mechanized mining of thin coal seams, short-arm fully mechanized mining technology, support technology for roadways and mining faces, underground coal gasification technology, and coal and Safety protection technologies such as gas outbursts, water inrush, high temperature and high humidity are all technical problems that need to be solved urgently in coal mining.
my country's mature oil fields have generally entered a stage of high water content and high recovery, making it more difficult to stabilize production; the grade of newly added reserves has declined, and the proportion of low-permeability, extra-low-permeability, and heavy oil reserves has increased, making it more difficult to exploit. Increase. We must rely on scientific and technological progress to improve oil recovery. The key technologies that need to be solved include improving the recovery rate of old oil fields through water injection, polymer flooding of low-grade oil resources, CO2 miscible flooding, surfactant flooding, and alkali/polymer flooding economical and effective development technologies.
In order to adapt to the development of special types of gas reservoirs, it is necessary to develop high-yield well development methods for abnormally high-pressure gas reservoirs and conduct research on safe production technologies, develop large-scale fracturing and acidification and horizontal well gas production technologies for low-permeability and low-yield gas fields, and sand control for multi-layer loose sandstone gas reservoirs. , water plugging technology, as well as anti-corrosion, desulfurization and natural gas purification technology for high-sulfur gas reservoirs, and technology for deepening cyclic gas injection in condensate gas fields to improve condensate oil recovery, etc.