So according to this definition. The subway, light rail and most trams in Japan are actually bullet trains. However, most domestic bullet trains are used to run high-speed trunk lines, giving people the impression that bullet trains = high speed.
Magnetic levitation is a kind of train that floats on the track by the attraction or repulsion of magnets. Different from the traditional train, it does not rely on the rolling friction between the wheels and the track to push the car body forward.
Theoretically, ultra-high-speed trains adopt this technology, and now ordinary trains also adopt it (HSST- Aichi Expressway 100L shape).
Generally speaking, maglev is a new technology of train propulsion, and EMU is a concept used by railway vehicles.
There is no inevitable intersection between the two
Question 2: What is a maglev train? Maglev train is a modern high-tech rail transit. It realizes the non-contact suspension and guidance between the train and the track by electromagnetic force, and then draws the train by electromagnetic force generated by linear motor.
Question 3: What's the difference between high-speed rail and maglev train? High-speed railway refers to a railway system that runs at a speed of more than 200 kilometers per hour by transforming the original line (linearization and gauge standardization) or building a new "high-speed line". High-speed railway not only needs to reach a certain speed standard in operation, but also needs to be upgraded in terms of vehicles, tracks and operations. Generalized high-speed railway includes high-speed railway transportation system using magnetic levitation technology. Maglev train is a kind of train driven by magnetic levitation force (magnetic attraction and repulsion). Because of the magnetic force of its orbit, it is suspended in the air and does not need to touch the ground when walking, so its resistance is only the resistance of air.
Question 4: The maglev train is suspended after speeding up, that is, the wheels are not in contact with the ground track and fly like an airplane. What does this mean? . . . . . . .
Question 5: What are the advantages and disadvantages of maglev train? Advantages of maglev train
Maglev train has many advantages: the train is suspended above the rail, and the rail is not in contact with the vehicle, which is not only fast, exceeding 500 km/h, but also stable and comfortable, and easy to realize automatic control; No noise and harmful waste gas, which is beneficial to environmental protection; Can save construction funds; Low operation, maintenance and energy consumption costs. It is an ideal super express train in 2 1 century, and all countries in the world attach great importance to the development of maglev train. At present, China, Japan, Germany, Britain, the United States and other countries are actively studying this kind of car. Japan's superconducting maglev train has been overloaded with people and is about to enter the practical stage, running at a speed of more than 500 kilometers per hour.
Up to now, it can be said that the track technology of maglev train is in China and the technology of maglev train is still in Germany, so it is impossible to introduce technology from imported products. China's wheel-rail railway technology has a history of nearly a hundred years, forming an industrial force specializing in locomotive design, scientific research and innovation, with an industrial chain of more than 400,000 people who have designed, manufactured, operated and maintained for decades. Magnetic levitation technology is in the hands of a few experts and professors and does not have the application conditions. The maglev train needs to be elevated, and the winding of the elevated beam must be less than1mm. Therefore, the span of viaduct is generally less than 25m and the depth of pier foundation is more than 30m. Therefore, from Shanghai to Hangzhou, more than 200 kilometers of retaining wall should be formed on the ground. In addition, due to the influence of operation dynamics, no other buildings are allowed within the range of 100 meters on both sides of the track. Shanghai-Hangzhou maglev construction covers a large area and has a great impact on the environment.
Disadvantages of maglev train
In 2006, a German maglev control train collided with a maintenance vehicle during its trial operation. It is reported that there were 29 people on board, 23 people died on the spot, 25 people actually died and 4 people were seriously injured. This shows that the braking ability of maglev train in emergency is not reliable, which is not as good as that of wheel-rail train. It is dangerous for vehicles on land to have no wheels. Because the train has to drop from a great momentum to a standstill, and to overcome a great inertia, it can only be overcome by the braking force of wheels and tracks. Maglev trains have no wheels. It is very dangerous to rely on sliding friction if there is a sudden power failure. In addition, the maglev train is elevated, and it is difficult to rescue at a height of 5 meters when an accident occurs. Without wheels, it is difficult to drag it out of the scene of the accident. If there is a power outage in the section, it is difficult for other vehicles and cranes to get close.
Question 6: What's the name of the maglev train? Maglev train is a kind of train driven by magnetic levitation force (magnetic attraction and repulsion). Because of the magnetic force of its orbit, it is suspended in the air and does not need to touch the ground when walking, so its resistance is only the resistance of air. The maximum speed of maglev train can reach more than 500 kilometers per hour, which is more than 300 kilometers higher than wheel-rail high-speed rail and faster than Aauto. The research of magnetic levitation technology originated in Germany, as early as 1922, German engineer Herman? The principle of electromagnetic levitation was put forward, and the patent of maglev train was applied in 1934. /kloc-after the 1970s, with the increasing economic strength of the world's industrialized countries, Germany, Japan and other developed countries began to plan to develop magnetic levitation transportation systems to improve their transportation capacity and meet the needs of their economic development. The catalogue "Constant Guide" introduces the advantages and disadvantages of domestic maglev trains. Technical difficulties faced by the system: suspension system, electric suspension system, electric suspension system, propulsion system, development history of maximum speed, modern development types, practical system of constant conductance superconducting, guidance system and significance of memorabilia "Constant conductance" introduces the advantages and disadvantages of domestic maglev trains and the technical difficulties faced. Operating System Suspension System Electric Suspension System Electric Suspension System Propulsion System Development History Maximum Speed History Modern Development Type Normal Conduction Superconducting Practical Suspension System Propulsion System Guidance System Memorabilia Significance Development
Question 7: What is the principle of maglev train? The basic principle of magnetic levitation is to make the magnet defying gravity and make the vehicle float (generally not more than 1 cm) by using the electromagnetic principle of "like charges repel and opposite charges attract", and then use electromagnetic force to guide and push the train forward.
Maglev train is a kind of train driven by magnetic levitation force (magnetic attraction and repulsion). It is suspended in the air because of the magnetic force of the orbit. Unlike other trains, it needs to touch the ground when walking, so it is only resisted by the air. The research of magnetic levitation technology originated in Germany. As early as 1922, German engineer Herman? The principle of electromagnetic levitation was put forward, and the patent of maglev train was applied in 1934.
Germany and Japan: After 1970, with the continuous strengthening of the economic strength of the industrialized countries in the world, Germany, Japan, China and other developed countries began to plan and develop maglev transportation systems in order to improve their transportation capacity to meet the needs of their own economic development. China: China's first maglev train (purchased from German) started operation in Shanghai in June 2003. 20 15- 10 Changsha maglev line, the first domestic maglev line in China, was successfully put into trial operation.
Question 8: What does the maglev train mean? Using magnetic poles with the same name to repel each other.
Question 9: What started the maglev train? Maglev train is a high-tech vehicle, which uses the attraction and repulsion of magnetic poles. Simply put, repulsion makes the train suspended, and gravity makes the train move.
The maglev train is equipped with electromagnets and the bottom of the railway is equipped with coils. After electrification, the polarity of the magnetic field generated by the ground coil is always the same as that of the electromagnet on the train, and they are "like poles repel each other", which makes the train suspend. Coils are also installed on both sides of the rail, and alternating current turns the coils into electromagnets. It interacts with the electromagnet on the train to make the train move forward. The electromagnet (N pole) at the head of the train is attracted by the electromagnet (S pole) at the front of the track and repelled by the electromagnet (N pole) at the back of the track-the result is a "push" and a "pull". The maglev train keeps a certain gap (generally1-10 cm) with the track during operation, so it runs safely, smoothly and comfortably, without noise, and can realize full-automatic operation. The service life of maglev train can reach 35 years, while that of ordinary wheel-rail train is only 20-25 years. The service life of maglev train track is 80 years, while that of ordinary track is only 60 years. In addition, the maglev train reached its maximum speed within 39 seconds after its start, and the current maximum speed is 552 kilometers per hour. According to the prediction of German scientists, by 20 14 years, the speed of maglev train will reach 1000 km/h after adopting new technology. The maximum speed of ordinary wheel-rail trains is 300 kilometers per hour.
Based on the principle of "like-sex repulsion and opposite-sex attraction", the maglev train makes the magnet have the ability of defying gravity, which makes the car body completely off the track, suspended at a distance of about 1 cm from the track, and flew in the air, creating a miracle of space flight with almost zero height.
Shanghai maglev train is the first demonstration operation line of maglev train in the world. After completion, it takes only 6-7 minutes from Longyang Road Station in Pudong to Pudong International Airport.
Shanghai maglev train is a kind of "constant magnetic attraction type" (referred to as "constant conductivity type"), which is designed according to the principle of "opposites attract" and is a suction suspension system. The suspension electromagnets installed on the bogies on both sides of the train and the magnets laid on the track are used, and the vehicle is suspended by the suction generated by the magnetic field.
Electromagnets are installed at the bottom of the train and at the top of bogies on both sides. The induction plate and the induction steel plate are respectively installed above the I-beam track and below the upper arm. Control the current of electromagnet to keep a gap of 65,438 0 cm between electromagnet and track, and balance the attraction between bogie and train with the gravity of train. By the attraction of magnets, the train can float about 65,438+0 cm, and the train can be suspended on the rails. This must accurately control the current of the electromagnet.
The driving principle of suspension train is exactly the same as that of synchronous linear motor. Generally speaking, the alternating current flowing in the coils on both sides of the track can turn the coils into electromagnets, and the train will start because of the interaction with the electromagnets on the train.
The N pole of the electromagnet at the head of the train is attracted by the S pole of the electromagnet installed on the front track and repelled by the N pole of the electromagnet installed on the back track. When the train moves forward, the current in the coil flows in the opposite direction, that is, the original S pole becomes the N pole, and the N pole becomes the S pole. When the cycles alternate, the train will run forward.
Stability is controlled by the navigation system. The "constant magnetic attraction" guiding system is a group of electromagnets installed on the side of the train for guiding. When the train deviates from the left and right, the guide electromagnet on the train interacts with the side of the guide rail to produce repulsive force, which makes the vehicle return to the normal position. When the train runs on a curve or ramp, the control system can control the operation by controlling the current in the guide magnet.
The concept of "normal guidance" maglev train was developed by German engineer Herman? Mandatory proposal in 1922.
"Normal-oriented" maglev train, the working principle of track and motor is exactly the same. Just arrange the "rotor" of the motor on the train and lay the "stator" of the motor on the track. Through the interaction between "rotor" and "stator", electric energy is converted into positive kinetic energy. We know that when the "stator" of the motor is electrified, the "rotor" can be driven to rotate through electromagnetic induction. When the power is transmitted to the "stator" of the track, the train is driven to move linearly like the "rotor" of the motor through electromagnetic induction.
Shanghai maglev train runs at a speed of 430 kilometers per hour, and only one train can run in one power supply area. There are isolation nets at 25 meters on both sides of the track and protective equipment on both sides. The radius of the bend is 8000 meters, and the naked eye is almost a straight line; The minimum radius also reaches 1 ... >; & gt