1, methanol fuel is toxic, which will irritate the conjunctiva of eyes, enter the human body through respiratory tract, digestive tract and skin, stimulate nerves, and cause dizziness, headache, nausea, visual impairment and metabolic acidosis. And cause severe abdominal pain in the later stage, which may eventually lead to blindness or even death.
2. Methanol fuel is corrosive. Methanol can be used as a solvent, which is corrosive to some extent. Alcohol has strong chemical activity, which can corrode aluminum, lead, manganese, plastics, synthetic rubber, etc. These materials are typical materials for gasoline-fueled vehicles. In addition, the swelling effect of mixed fuel of ethanol and gasoline on rubber and plastics is stronger than that of ethanol or gasoline alone, so it is necessary to develop special methanol fuel lubricating oil and corrosion inhibitor.
3. Low calorific value. The calorific value of methanol is only 48% of that of gasoline. Driving the same mileage requires more oil. Although the calorific value of methanol is much less than that of gasoline, its theoretical calorific value of mixed gas is close to that of gasoline because of its high oxygen content. Therefore, methanol can be used as fuel for gasoline engines, and its power can be close to that of engines using gasoline.
4. Methanol gasoline is easy to stratify. The stability of methanol gasoline mainly depends on the water content in the mixed solution. When the water content reaches a certain level, methanol will be separated from the base gasoline. Therefore, when using methanol gasoline, it is necessary to add cosolvent to strictly control the water content.
Extended data:
Using methanol instead of petroleum fuel has been used abroad for many years, and the technology of methanol automobile control system is very mature. Like ethanol, methanol has low calorific value, but high octane number, and it also contains oxygen. It also needs to use a special engine to burn methanol.
However, unlike ethanol, methanol is toxic, corrosive to non-ferrous metals and swellable to rubber parts, so it is necessary to design the fuel delivery and distribution system for engines and vehicles.
Methanol cars also have the problem of cold start, so methanol is mostly used in cars in the form of mixing with gasoline. The most common is M85, which is a mixed solution of 85% methanol and 15% gasoline.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-methanol automobile
Baidu encyclopedia-methanol