Sewage treatment system
Sewage treatment is the process of making sewage meet the water quality requirements for drainage into a certain water body or reuse, and purifying it. Sewage treatment is widely used in various fields such as construction, agriculture, transportation, energy, petrochemicals, environmental protection, urban landscape, medical care, catering, etc., and is increasingly entering the daily lives of ordinary people. Here are some common sewage treatment systems.
1. SPR high turbidity sewage treatment system
The traditional "primary treatment" and "secondary treatment" water treatment technology and equipment that have been used for many years have been difficult to adapt to Today's high turbidity and high concentration sewage purification treatment requirements, the newly invented "SPR high turbidity sewage purification system" (U.S. invention patent) combines the "primary treatment" and "tertiary treatment" procedures of sewage into one design. In the SPR sewage purifier tank, the process is quickly completed in 30 minutes. It allows direct inhalation of high turbidity sewage with suspended solids (turbidity) up to 500 mg/L to 5000 mg/L, and the suspended solids (turbidity) of the treated effluent is less than 3 mg/L (degree); it allows direct inhalation The CODcr of high-concentration organic sewage is 200 mg/L to 800 mg/L. After treatment, the effluent CODcr can be reduced to less than 40 mg/L. With only an engineering investment equivalent to that of a conventional primary and secondary sewage treatment plant and an operating cost lower than that of conventional secondary treatment, we can achieve the effects of tertiary treatment and realize the regeneration and reuse of urban sewage.
The SPR sewage treatment system first uses chemical methods to precipitate dissolved pollutants from the true solution state to form colloidal particles or tiny suspended particles with a solid phase interface; it uses efficient and economical adsorbents to separate them. Organic pollutants, color, etc. are separated from the sewage; then microscopic physical adsorption method is used to condense various colloidal particles and suspended particles in the sewage into large and dense flocs; and then rely on fluid mechanics principles such as cyclone and filtration hydraulics. , the floc and water are quickly separated in the self-designed SPR high turbidity sewage purifier; after the clean water is filtered through the dense suspended mud layer formed by itself in the tank, it reaches the level of three-level treatment, and the effluent is reused; the sludge It is highly concentrated in the concentration chamber and discharged regularly by pressure. Since the sludge has low moisture content and good dehydration performance, it can be directly sent to the mechanical dehydration device. The dehydrated sludge cake can also be used to make sidewalk floor tiles, eliminating the need for secondary pollution.
The newly invented SPR sewage purification technology will create a new way for the reuse of urban sewage in the world today with its many advantages such as simple and reliable process, low investment and operating costs, small land occupation and good purification effect. . After the urban sewage is reused, it provides the city with a second source of fresh water and provides essential conditions for the sustainable development of the city. Its economic and social benefits are immeasurable.
The unique technical features of the SPR sewage treatment system
1. The mixing of urban domestic sewage and treatment chemicals mainly involves the chemical suction pipe in front of the pump, the sewage pump impeller, and the serpentine reaction. It is completed under the combination of tube and porcelain ball reaction tank. It is designed according to the turbulence speed, mixing time, and hydraulic structure data, so that it can be mixed very fully, creating a solution for achieving the best coagulation purification effect and maximizing the saving of chemicals. Prerequisites. This is something that conventional primary and secondary treatment hydraulic structures could not achieve in the past.
2. When the SPR system treats urban sewage, it uses more than five sewage treatment chemicals and their best formulas to use chemical reactions to remove dissolved organic pollutants, heavy metal ions and harmful salts in the sewage. Classes precipitate from the water and become tiny particles with a solid phase interface (it contains the role of tertiary treatment of sewage). An adsorbent with good adsorption effect and very cheap price was also selected to absorb organic pollutants and color. Rely on disinfectant to kill bacteria and E. coli in a 30-minute process. Relying on the physical and chemical adsorption of coagulation, suspended solids and various impurities are condensed into large and dense flocs. This method of administration that exerts the individual effects of each agent and the cross-linking effect between them is different from conventional physical and chemical methods. Moreover, the combined chemical formula used in the SPR system can only fully function in the SPR sewage purifier and its system with very fine hydrodynamic parameter design, and cannot be used in conventional hydraulic systems.
3. The SPR system device can very accurately add coagulation agents and flocculation agents according to the formula obtained from the simulation test with the help of atmospheric pressure and flow meters, so as to avoid excessive dosage and causing agent residues in the The purified effluent consumes very little power.
4. The internal structure of the SPR sewage purifier is precisely designed according to the coagulation mechanism. The vortex flow formed and the appropriate water flow velocity in each part allow the maximum number of collisions between colloidal particles, and There is an optimal flow rate environment required for cohesion and adsorption. As a result, a very sufficient cohesion effect is achieved in a very small volume. This is also unmatched by conventional hydraulic equipment.
5. Based on the actual conditions of the flocs formed by coagulation, the hydrodynamic data inside the SPR sewage purifier was accurately determined, resulting in the formation of a ten centimeter-thick, ten-meter-thick layer in the middle and upper part of the tank. Dense suspended mud layer. All coagulated effluent must pass through the filtration of this suspended mud layer before it can flow up to the clean water collection area on the upper part of the tank. It has very successfully played an extremely important filtration role in the advanced sewage treatment process.
This dense suspended mud layer is composed of the floc itself formed by the sludge in the sewage and the coagulation agent. As the floc moves from bottom to top, the lower surface layer of the mud layer continues to increase and thicken; at the same time, with the bypass flow of the tank formed by the principle of filtration hydraulics, the upper surface layer of the suspended mud layer is guided to continuously flow into the central connection. In mud buckets, the upper surface layer continues to decrease and become thinner. In this way, the thickness of the suspended mud layer reaches a dynamic balance. When the coagulated effluent passes through the suspended mud layer from bottom to top, the floc filter layer relies on interface physical adsorption, electrochemical properties and van der Waals forces to remove suspended colloidal particles, flocs, bacterial cells and other impurities. All are intercepted on this suspended mud layer, making the effluent water quality reach the level of third-level treatment. Because the mud layer is composed of flocs and has high density, the filtration efficiency is much higher than that of conventional sand layer filtration. Since the floc mud layer is in a suspended state as the filter layer, the filtration head (resistance) loss is very small. , so the power consumption is much lower than conventional sand layer filtration, microporous filtration, or reverse osmosis membrane filtration; and because the filter mud layer is automatically replenished by the sludge in the sewage during the purification process, and is automatically led away, that is, The filter mud layer itself is constantly updated. The filter mud layer always maintains a stable thickness, and always maintains stable physical adsorption and electrochemical adsorption properties, so a stable filtration effect can be obtained. And it completely eliminates the backwashing of the filter layer that is essential in conventional systems and the many troubles caused by backwashing. This structure and principle are completely different from conventional tertiary sewage treatment filtration devices. There are no expensive reverse osmosis membrane filtration, microporous filtration, or activated carbon filtration devices. Therefore, low investment, low power consumption, and low operating costs are the inevitable advantages of the SPR system.
6. The flocculant selected for the SPR system is also a good sludge filter aid. Therefore, the sludge slurry finally discharged from the system has good dehydration performance and does not need to add additional filter aids. Pump directly into the filter press for dehydration. Mud cakes can be made into sidewalk floor tiles and reused without causing secondary pollution problems. It does not have the fatal weakness of high moisture content and poor dehydration performance of sludge produced by traditional biochemical methods.
7. This type of sewage purifier has been started and operated to treat pig farm sewage, chicken farm sewage, coal mine tunnel sewage, pig slaughterhouse sewage, sorghum brewery distiller's grain sewage, textile printing and dyeing sewage, regeneration Papermaking sewage and urban domestic sewage contain a large amount of organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen; it has also been successfully used in ceramic factory sewage, wall and floor tile factory sewage, marble water grinding polishing sewage, coal washing sewage, coal-fired boiler wet dust removal sewage, quartz sand Purification and reuse of sewage with extremely high suspended matter content such as sand washing sewage. Authoritative testing departments in various places have tested the relevant data of the water inlet and outlet of the sewage purifier. The test report sheet shows that: the ammonia nitrogen removal rate can reach 85%, the total nitrogen removal rate can reach 95%, the organic nitrogen removal rate can reach 96%, the BOD removal rate can reach 95%, and the suspended matter removal rate can be as high as 98.3%~99.6 %, the effluent turbidity reaches below 3 degrees (3 mg/L). This is the water output index obtained by this water purification system under the premise of low investment and low operating costs. This is something that cannot be achieved by the primary and secondary treatment systems of conventional physicochemical and biochemical methods.
Except for developed countries that have specialized urban domestic sewage pipeline systems, actual urban sewage is often mixed with a lot of industrial sewage. Poor biodegradability and irregular and rapid changes in pollutant composition are the realities we face. However, the growth and reproduction process of microorganisms that degrade certain organic pollutants is too long. Therefore, traditional biochemical systems are difficult to adapt to the sewage of today's increasingly industrialized cities. The SPR system already has the adaptability to handle a wide range of industrial wastewater and the rapid adaptability of physical and chemical methods. It can easily cope with changes in the quality of wastewater at the system inlet through automated means and maintain a stable purification effect.
8. When adding sterilization and disinfection agents in the SPR system, as long as you add some chlorine (without adding additional equipment), you can use chlorine to oxidize and remove ammonia, further improving the removal of ammonia in the sewage treatment system. Ammonia nitrogen efficiency.
9. If the ammonia nitrogen content of the effluent treated by the SPR system does not meet the stricter requirements (for example, some developed countries or developed regions set the drainage standard as ammonia nitrogen content of less than 1 mg/L), or A first-level ion exchange device can be set up in series later, and the goal of removing ammonia nitrogen can be finally achieved by relying on clinoptilolite ion exchange columns.