It is the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant
The Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant is the first 300,000-kilowatt pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant designed, constructed and operated by China itself. It is located in Haiyan County, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province.
A nuclear power plant refers to a facility that converts nuclear energy into electrical energy through appropriate devices. A nuclear power plant uses a nuclear reactor to replace the boiler of a thermal power plant. Nuclear fuel undergoes a special form of "combustion" in the nuclear reactor to generate heat, converting nuclear energy into thermal energy to heat water and produce steam. The systems and equipment of a nuclear power plant usually consist of two parts: nuclear systems and equipment, also known as nuclear island; conventional systems and equipment, also known as conventional island.
A power station that uses nuclear energy to generate electricity is called a nuclear power station. Today in the world, only the energy generated by the chain reaction of fission can be used to generate electricity.
A nuclear power plant is a power facility that uses the thermal energy generated by one or several power reactors to generate electricity, or to generate electricity and provide heat. The reactor is a key piece of equipment in a nuclear power plant, where the fission chain reaction takes place. Systems and facilities that convert the nuclear energy released by the fission of atomic nuclei into heat energy and then into electrical energy are often called nuclear power plants.
Reactors commonly used in nuclear power plants in the world include light water reactors, heavy water reactors, improved gas-cooled reactors and fast reactors, but the most widely used ones are light water reactors. According to the process of generating steam, light water reactors can be divided into two categories: boiling water reactor nuclear power plants and pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants. The pressurized water reactor uses ordinary water as the coolant and moderator. It is the most mature and successful power reactor type developed on the basis of military reactors. Pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants account for more than 60% of the world's total nuclear power capacity.
The fuel used in nuclear power plants is uranium. Nuclear fuel made of uranium undergoes fission in the "reactor" equipment to generate a large amount of heat energy. Water under high pressure is then used to take out the heat energy and generate steam in the steam generator. The steam drives the steam turbine to rotate with the generator. Electricity is continuously generated and sent to all directions through the power grid.
Advantages of nuclear power plants:
Compared with traditional thermal power plants, nuclear power plants have very obvious advantages:
(1) Nuclear power generation is not like fossil fuels Power generation emits huge amounts of pollutants into the atmosphere, so nuclear power generation will not cause air pollution;
(2) Nuclear power generation has no carbon emissions and will not aggravate the global greenhouse effect;
(3) The uranium fuel used in nuclear power generation has no other uses except power generation;
(4) The energy density of nuclear fuel is millions of times higher than that of fossil fuels, so nuclear power plants The fuel used is small in size and easy to transport and store. A 10 million kilowatt nuclear power plant only needs 30 tons of uranium fuel a year, which can be transported by one flight of aircraft;
(5) Fuel costs account for a relatively low proportion of the cost of nuclear power generation. The cost of nuclear power generation is not easily affected by the international economic situation, so the cost of power generation is relatively stable.
Disadvantages of nuclear power plants
Nuclear power plants also have some obvious disadvantages:
(1) Nuclear power plants will produce high- and low-level radioactive waste, or used nuclear fuel , although it occupies a small volume, it must be handled with caution because it is radioactive;
(2) Nuclear power plants have low thermal efficiency, so they emit more waste heat than ordinary fossil fuel power plants, so nuclear power plants Thermal pollution to the environment is serious;
(3) The investment cost of nuclear power plants is too high, and the financial risks of power companies are high;
(4) Nuclear power is less suitable for full-load operation , and it is not suitable to operate below the standard load;
(5) The construction of nuclear power plants can often lead to political disputes;
(6) There is a large amount of radioactive material in the reactor of a nuclear power plant , if released to the external environment in an accident, it will cause harm to the ecology and people.