China's chips will be suppressed for a long time if there is no breakthrough. What is the status quo of chip research in China?

A: The gap in chip manufacturing is not a single aspect, but all aspects of the process. Many smartphones or computers are made in China, but they are equipped with China? Core? But very few. In the past, the state did not pay enough attention to microelectronics, and the support of12 billion was more than 20 billion US dollars, and an American company invested so much. At first, China's semiconductors were OK, because everyone was just starting, and the gap was very small. But later, all kinds of MOS, field effect transistors, integrated circuits, CPU and memory came out. Semiconductor spring has come, and we have lost the best opportunity. At present, all aspects of semiconductors are controlled by foreign countries, technology is blocked, and patent networks are intertwined, which is still very unfavorable to latecomers. Moreover, integrated circuits are high-tech industries, and the cost of production lines required is huge, which is not much different from building a nuclear power plant.

The experience faced by ZTE and Huawei once again made Chinese people realize the importance of chips. In this process, we have seen the gap that still exists and the rapid development. We can't help asking: What is the level of domestic chips at present, and how big is the gap with the United States?

For these questions, Ni Guangnan, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, who is known as the father of domestic chips, recently issued a statement and answered them one by one. Ni Guangnan claims that China has done a very good job in chip design. Generally speaking, the design level can reach the second place in the world, second only to the United States. In terms of scale, China currently has the largest number of chip design companies in the world.

These companies have come up with many excellent products and applied them to domestic supercomputers. They were number one in the world for several years in a row. Shenwei? Light of Taihu Lake? CPU chip is a typical representative of domestic high-quality chips. At the same time, many domestic CPU chips that have reached the international advanced level are also carried in the civilian field, such as cloud servers, personal computers, mobile phones and other equipment.

Of course, in many key areas, there is still a big gap between China and the developed countries represented by the United States, and the sales scale accounts for less than 5% of the world. In this field, most of the leading enterprises still come from the United States, Japan and other traditional technological powers, because the biggest gap is not the design, but the manufacturing technology level.

80% of more than 200 kinds of key production equipment in China Chip Factory need to be imported from abroad, because we can't produce qualified machines ourselves, which is not only technically difficult, but also very expensive, so it is difficult to expand the overall scale of the semiconductor material industry. At the same time, there are a large number of materials necessary for manufacturing chips, such as photoresist, which are completely dependent on imports.

In addition to hardware, software also needs to be supplemented. Although our chip design level has reached the second place in the world, the computer software for designing chips needs to be licensed from American companies, which is the same as the bottleneck we face in the aviation field. The key is to grasp both at the same time.

Ni Guangnan pointed out that due to the lack of support from the integrated circuit industry in China, catching up is still weak. Lack of core and soul? Despite the emergence of outstanding representatives such as Huawei Hisilicon, it will take another 20 years to catch up with the United States. So, audience friends, how many years do you think it will take to catch up?