Banxian patent

Swing is a recreational sport for many ethnic groups in China. According to the existing literature, it originated in the pre-Qin period. "Ancient and Modern Art Map" said: "This (swinging) Beishan opera is light (agile) in learning." (See Zhai Hao's "Popular Compilation" in Qing Dynasty, Volume 31) Shanrong was a minority in the ancient north, and its territory was in today's Beijing and its surrounding areas. Swing was originally a tool for military training. After Qi Huangong, the leader of the Five Overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period, led troops to defeat Shanrong, he transferred his territory to Yan State, and the swing spread to the south, and then gradually evolved into a game tool. After the swing, it will mainly be a game for women in the boudoir in the palace or a carnival in the traditional festival square. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, swings were popular in the palace. The endless Ode to the Swing in the Backyard of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty said: "A swinger will get a thousand years. Hanwu prayed for a thousand years of longevity, so the harem swayed more. " At that time, swinging was mainly to keep fit. In the Tang Dynasty, the court called the swing a "fortuneteller's play", and Wang Renyu of the Five Dynasties said in his note "The Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao": "During the Cold Food Festival in Tianbao Palace, the swing was erected, which made the wives and concubines in the palace smile and thought it was a feast. The emperor called it a fortuneteller's play, and all the princes called it. " On the one hand, swinging can cure scabies, and on the other hand, it can relieve the trouble of boudoir. Wu Yueniang, Meng Yulou, Pan Jinlian, Li Pinger and others are swinging in the garden at the beginning of the twenty-fifth chapter of Jin Ping Mei Hua Ci, quoting the poem "Swing" which is said to be written by Tang Bohu. Shi Yun: Two beautiful girls, Jiao E, are swinging in the shadow of poplar trees. /Two pairs of jade wrists are pulled back and forth, and four golden lotus flowers are upside down. /red face red face jade crisp shoulder * * * jade crisp shoulder. /Youchun childe fingers whip, a pair of flying outside the cloud nine. Li Qingzhao also wrote a poem, "Little crimson lips, kicking a swing". For a time, swinging almost became a woman's patent. Probably after the Tang and Song Dynasties, with the development of urban economy and the emergence of a large number of citizen classes, swinging evolved into a carnival program in the square during the festival. Du Fu said in a poem: "Ten years of cuju will be far away, and Wan Li's swinging customs are the same." Liu Yuxi also said: "The swing is second, and the colored rope is inclined." It can be seen that the custom of swinging is widely spread. Hui Hong, a poet and monk in the Song Dynasty, also wrote a poem called Swing: Double scissors for easel, foreplay for a beautiful woman in a small building in spring. /fluttering blood skirts mop the floor and ruin jade. /Flowers report the rain of red apricots, and colored ropes hang poplar smoke obliquely. /I am quiet and quiet, and I suspect that the moon is falling. From the above poems describing the custom of swinging, we can get a glimpse of the national character of this custom at that time. Maybe people are tired of playing with traditional swings and looking for new tricks, and the swing custom begins to change. "Water Swing" appeared in the Song Dynasty. According to Wu's Dream in the Southern Song Dynasty, this acrobatic performance was held in Jinmingchi, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, West Lake in Lin 'an and Qiantang River, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. Every time a water swing performance is held in summer, people from the emperor's concubines and princes to ordinary people compete to watch it. Before the performance, two beautifully carved ships were put into the water, and a swing frame was erected at the bow. During the performance, the drums on the ship were blaring, and the juggler at the stern practiced the pole first, and then the performers boarded the swing in order and struggled to swing. When the swing reached the height of the swing beam, they took off the rope with their hands, jumped into the air with the help of the reverberation of the swing, somersaulted in the air and then jumped into the water. Because the performers have different postures, they look beautiful and varied. "Water Swing", similar to modern diving, is a new development of acrobatics in Song Dynasty, which occupies an important position in the history of acrobatics in China and has a great influence on later generations. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, the custom of swinging spread all over the country with unprecedented pomp. Of course, the biggest change is in the ethnic areas of China. Koreans love to swing, which is a traditional competitive entertainment activity, often held in festivals, and sometimes even competitions. During the festival, girls wear colorful skirts and gather around the swing to compete for the level. Only the selected experts can take part in the sports meeting. During the competition, a string of golden bronze bells hung on the ribbon in the sky, and the contestants swung to see who could ring the bronze bells. The more times you meet, the higher your score. Elegant long skirts, tinkling bells and breathtaking swings are breathtaking. The Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province Province call the swing "rice flour", which means "flying", which is the same as the traditional understanding of the swing by the Han people. The swinging custom of Naxi nationality in northwest Yunnan and south Sichuan is commonly known as "swinging party". Swing parties in the eastern part of Naxi nationality are mostly held from the first day to the fourth day of the first month in the summer calendar, while in the west, they start from the sixth day of the first month and last for 4-5 days.