The reason why our mobile phones can receive signals everywhere is because of the large number of information service base stations.
Base station is the most important infrastructure of mobile communication network.
Usually we will find many 360-degree antenna combinations at the top of these base stations.
They are called antenna arrays.
With the continuous development of antenna technology, the array of up to 8 antennas in 4G era is gradually replaced by the larger antenna array in 5G.
Under 5G technology, the number of antennas can reach 128, or even more.
This large-scale antenna distribution is called Massive MIMO.
Massive MIMO can not only meet the needs of 5G big data transmission, but also be superior in signal quality and coverage.
The traditional single antenna communication mode is one-to-one electromagnetic wave transmission between the base station and the mobile phone signal receiver.
Without physical steering device, the radiation direction of this antenna is fixed.
This leads to a limited number of users who can serve the same frequency at the same time.
The antenna array adopts beamforming technology.
Beamforming is a technology that can adaptively adjust the radiation direction according to a specific scene.
Based on the number of antennas far exceeding 4G and beamforming technology, 5G base stations can achieve omni-directional stereo signal coverage.
Through the superposition of signal transmission in different directions, the signal strength can be strengthened and the signal interference can be reduced.
Recently, the MBBF202 1 pre-communication meeting hosted by Huawei was held in Shanghai.
The theme of this communication meeting is "Opening up a new green channel for 5G Massive MIMO".
Gan Bin, president of wireless product line, shared the next breakthrough and innovation direction of Massive MIMO at the meeting.
Under the dual-carbon strategy of "peak carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutrality" in China, all industries are aiming at green carbon reduction and practicing the concept of energy saving and emission reduction.
Although the carbon emissions of the communication industry account for a very small proportion of all industries in the world, as the world's top supplier of communication equipment, Huawei is still committed to leading the direction of the green energy-saving industry through technological innovation.
Huawei took the lead in introducing Massive MIMO into 4G networks on 20 14.
In the 5G era, Massive MIMO combined with large bandwidth has achieved more than 20 times of energy efficiency improvement than LTE 4T4R.
At present, the industry's energy-saving way for Massive MIMO is usually to continuously optimize the active parts such as intermediate frequency and power amplifier.
The performance improvement of large antenna array is mainly through the innovation of baseband algorithm, antenna and other software and hardware equipment.
The windward area of Huawei Massive MIMO (large-scale antenna) is only 0.3 square meters, which is much smaller than the windward area of 0.7 square meters in low-frequency sky.
According to the engineering specification of Sky, barrier-free deployment can be realized on the basis of windward area less than 0.8 square meters.
When the terminals receive the same power, the base station can be configured with lower transmission power, which can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the base station.
In the 5G era, the demand for big data transmission is quite frequent, and the number of deployed base stations will not be small.
Although the energy consumption of a single base station is not much reduced, the overall energy consumption of the base station is still considerable.
The deployment capability and cost performance of Huawei's 5G communication network will be further improved.