Coal gasification technology has a history of nearly a hundred years in China, but it is still relatively backward and develops slowly. Generally speaking, China’s coal gasification is dominated by traditional technology, with backward technology, incomplete environmental protection facilities, and coal gasification. The utilization efficiency is low and the pollution is serious. At present, the relatively mature technology in China is still atmospheric fixed bed gasification technology. It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, machinery and other industrial industries and civil gas. It is mainly based on fixed bed gasification technologies such as UGI, water-gas two-stage furnace, and generator two-stage furnace. The advantages of atmospheric fixed bed gasification technology are simple operation and low investment; however, the technology is backward, the capacity and efficiency are low, the pollution is heavy, and technical transformation is urgently needed. If the status quo is not changed, the coordinated development of economy, energy and environment will be affected.
In the past 40 years, with the support of the state, China has done a lot of work in research and development and digestion of imported technologies. Our country has introduced various coal gasification technologies from abroad. Through the digestion and absorption of imported coal gasification technologies, especially through national key scientific and technological research, technological transformation and localization of imported equipment, important progress has been made in the research and development of coal gasification technology in my country. Research and development of imitation K-T gasification technology were carried out from the late 1950s to the 1980s; in the 1980s, the Shanxi Coal Chemistry Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed the ash-fusion polyfluidized bed coal gasification process and obtained a patent; during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, East China University of Science and Technology, Yankuang University Lunan Fertilizer Plant and China Tianchen Chemical Engineering Company undertook the national key scientific and technological project "Development of a new (multi-nozzle opposed) coal-water slurry gasifier" (22 tons of coal/day device). The results of the pilot plant show that: effective The gas composition is ~83%, 1.5-2 percentage points higher than that of Texaco production equipment under the same conditions; the carbon conversion rate is >98%, 2-3 percentage points higher than Texaco; the specific coal consumption and specific oxygen consumption are both 7% lower than Texaco. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, multi-nozzle opposed coal-water slurry gasification technology has entered the commercial demonstration stage. "New coal-water slurry gasification technology" was approved by the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" National High-tech Research and Development Plan (863 Plan), and is undertaken by Yankuang Group Co., Ltd. and East China University of Science and Technology. It is building a multi-nozzle opposed type at Yankuang Lunan Fertilizer Plant. The coal-water slurry gasifier and supporting projects use two 1,150-ton coal-per-day multi-nozzle opposed coal-water slurry gasifiers (4.0MPa) to produce 240,000 tons of methanol and co-produce 71.8MW of power generation. The total investment is ~16 billion. The device was successfully fed once on July 21, 2005, and completed 80 hours of continuous and stable operation. Preliminary operation results of the device show that the effective gas CO+H2 exceeds 82% and the carbon conversion rate is higher than 98%. It marks a major breakthrough in my country's coal gasification technology with independent intellectual property rights that is compatible with the national energy structure. Its level has filled the domestic gap and reached the international advanced level.