The front anti-collision beam of the car is generally hidden inside the front bumper and inside the door. Under the action of large impact force, the elastic material can no longer buffer the energy and truly plays a role in protecting the occupants in the car. It is As part of the body's passive safety system, the anti-collision beam does not actually "anti-collision" the car. Its main function is to transmit force. To briefly summarize, the role of anti-collision beams is: low-speed collisions can reduce maintenance costs, and high-speed collisions can help improve protection, especially in complex and real-life environment collisions. As a safety component of the car, the front anti-collision beam of the car is usually made of metal, such as high-strength steel and aluminum alloy. It generally consists of anti-collision beams, energy-absorbing boxes, energy-absorbing box reinforcements and connecting plates.
Through market research, *** statistics on the application of front anti-collision beam materials in 65 models. Among 19 models of independent brands, 2 models use aluminum alloy anti-collision beams; 46 models of joint venture brands have 10 models use aluminum alloy anti-collision beams.
The survey results show that the application proportion of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams of joint venture brands is more than 2 times higher than that of domestic independent brands. The application of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams is a development trend in the industry. The average mass of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams is 4.5 kg, and the average mass of steel anti-collision beams is 6.6 kg. The difference is about 32. It can be seen that the lightweight aluminum alloy anti-collision beams have obvious advantages. Some models of aluminum alloy front anti-collision beams are applied, as shown in Table 2. In the manufacturing of automobile products, gradually increasing the application proportion of aluminum alloy materials is an inevitable trend for automobile lightweighting. The development of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams is one of the main ways to achieve automobile lightweighting. After design verification, aluminum alloy anti-collision beams will definitely Replaces steel crash beams.
1) According to the simulation analysis results, the energy absorption of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams in frontal collisions is better than that of steel anti-collision beams, meeting the design and use requirements.
2) Aluminum alloy has the advantage of lower density than steel materials. Replacing the traditional steel structure with aluminum alloy structure can reduce the mass of the front anti-collision beam by 30-50%, and the lightweight effect is significant[2] .
3) By comparing the application of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams between joint venture car companies and independent car companies, it can be found that the use of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams is the future trend of automobile lightweighting.
4) Comparative anti-collision beam specific energy absorption analysis results show that the energy absorption capacity of aluminum alloy anti-collision beams is significantly better than that of steel anti-collision beams, which helps to improve the safety of the entire vehicle.