First place: Leonardo da Vinci (Italy)' s most famous invention: Calculator When referring to Leonardo da Vinci and his inventions, you'd better ask such a question: "What wasn't invented by him?" Because he invented so many things. There are many design drawings in Leonardo da Vinci's work log, but the most noteworthy one is the design of calculator. Imagine what science would be like without simple and complicated mathematical operations. Leonardo da Vinci is the originator of the Renaissance. He can paint (such as the masterpiece Mona Lisa), sculpt and invent. His diary, which has fascinated the whole world so far, depicts many things from human bodies to helicopters and tanks. The coolest fact: Da Vinci's diary is more than 13, pages long and still affects scientific research. In 25, a British surgeon used the method designed by Leonardo da Vinci to perform heart repair surgery, which was surprising in itself. It would be amazing if you knew that Leonardo da Vinci had no idea about the working mechanism of the human circulatory system at that time. Second place: nikola tesla's most famous invention: radio. Although nikola tesla was not recognized during his lifetime, the US Supreme Court finally affirmed his patent application and confirmed that he invented the radio instead of Marconi. Tesla may have been born to be unconventional. Although a transmission method called "alternating current" invented by him has been applied so far, in fact, his research focuses on the theoretical application of electricity (unfortunately, many research results still stay on the drawing board). It is this Tesla who always makes his own experimental equipment (such as the famous Tesla coil used to collect electric energy) and puts forward a series of viewpoints ranging from X-rays to seismographs. The coolest fact: Tesla was still studying a deadly ray until the end of his life. His opinion sounds a bit like a science fiction story, and the FBI really can't see anything interesting. As a result, President Hoover had to order Tesla's scientific research materials to be taken away and declared as "top secret". Third place: alessandro volta's most famous invention: the battery volt. Although he didn't find electricity, he came up with a good idea to carry it. You know, "Volt battery" is the pioneer of modern batteries. Volt has been working on electric things all his life. In the early days, he invented the starter (that is, the single-board capacitor with one charge), and a year later he devoted himself to the experiment of gas-fired power generation in a closed room. In the process, he discovered biogas (methane), a gas commonly used in families today. What really makes it famous, however, is the "Volt battery", which is actually a pile of zinc sheets and copper sheets alternately arranged, plus a cloth soaked in salt water between the two metal sheets to enhance conductivity. But it is this crude battery that shows the world the mystery of how to use metal-chemical combination to generate electricity. The coolest fact: In 181, Napoleon awarded the title of Earl of Volt in recognition of this great Italian inventor. But the honor didn't stop there. In 1881, its name was used as the unit of voltage "Volt". Fourth place: alexander bell's most famous invention: telephone "Can you hear me?" "Yes!" We can hear each other, thanks to the telephone invented by alexander bell. There are so many telephone providers now, but it is alexander bell's credit that has created the world's first (and most powerful) telephone company-Bell Telephone Company. Bell is not just a single genius, his research ideas involve air conditioning (in fact, he built the original air conditioning system in his own room), hydrofoil and the concept of magnetic storage of information (which led to an innovative invention-computer) that had never been seen before. The coolest fact: alexander bell was also the inventor of the world's first metal detector. He assembled this device to find bullets in the body of American President James Garfield. As a result, the detector did work, but the position of the bullet could not be determined, because President Garfield was lying on a metal shelf during the inspection. Fifth place: isaac newton's most famous invention: Calculus If you finally finish the advanced mathematics course with great efforts, you may not be an ardent admirer of Sir isaac newton, because the problem you encounter is basically his fault-he invented calculus. If you study physics now, whether it's about gravity (a story about an apple falling from a tree, whether true or not, is a powerful example) or the principle of light and optics, you have to start with the research results of Sir isaac newton. Newton was the first to put forward that "light is composed of particles", which led him to develop reflecting telescope (now named after him). In addition, Newton also made contributions to the study of acoustic and thermal principles. The coolest fact: It's easy to think that scientists are just a bunch of lab rats who don't care about the world, but Newton is an exception: he was a judge of the King of England for nearly two years and was engaged in the business of executing counterfeiters. At the end of his legal career, he still had 1 criminals to be executed. Sixth place: howard hughes's most famous invention: improving airplane design howard hughes didn't invent airplanes. As the "father of TWA", he mainly wrote some books about airlines. Although TWA has become a thing of the past, aviation tourism has flourished thanks to howard hughes. He once put forward a series of innovative designs for passenger planes. For example, he redesigned the "H-1", so that the retractable landing gear, connecting rods and connectors can be put into the fuselage, thus reducing the air resistance in flight. This innovation and improvement had an impact on a series of fighter designs during World War II. To say that howard hughes is a freak is to belittle him. He was born in the family of a famous inventor, and the oil well bit invented by his father, Hughes Sr., allowed the oil extraction equipment to extract resources that people could not touch before. Howard hughes lived in seclusion in his later years, but he was a great man who conquered aviation and Hollywood when he was young. Whether developing amphibious planes or trysting with Hollywood stars katharine hepburn or bette davis, he always goes his own way. The coolest fact: In 1972, Hughes was hired by the CIA to cover an operation of the CIA. This operation, code-named "Project Jennifer", aims to salvage the Soviet submarine that sank in the Hawaiian waters. The effect of this action is limited. In 1975, a robber took away some secret information of Hughes and revealed his connection with the CIA. Seventh place: Benjamin Franklin's most famous invention: bifocal glasses. We all know that reading is fundamental, but seeing is a prerequisite for reading. Thanks to the bifocal glasses invented by Benjamin Franklin, even people with vision less than 2/2 can browse the web pages of websites. While writing the Chronicle of Poor Richard, helping the United States win the recognition of France (which turned around the situation of the American revolution) and courting women everywhere, Franklin still made a very important contribution to science. Many of us may remember the picture of him flying a kite in a storm in the social studies course. This experiment taught Franklin a lot about electricity and brought us a lightning rod. The coolest fact: Inventors and "stallions" (men who are fond of courting women) often don't involve the same person, but Benjamin Franklin is an exception. He was the most courting man of his time, and his popularity among French women was really beneficial to the American cause. Eighth place: james watt's most famous invention: the improved steam engine. Today, we won't take steam as the main energy source, but back in the early days of the industrial revolution, steam was the time to show off. James watt spent a lot of time improving the steam engine and driving the world forward. Watt didn't invent the steam engine, but he could make it work for people. In fact, it was Watt's innovation and improvement that made the world change from agriculture to industry. In addition to making such a great contribution to power and machines, Watt also invented the rotating machine and a device called "flying ball" which can automatically adjust the speed of the machine. The coolest fact: the unit of power "Watt" is named after him, and he has always been recognized as the greatest engineer in the world. Ninth place: Johannes Gutenberg's most famous invention: modern printing. Johannes Gutenberg wants to piece all the little things together and make a movable type printing machine. Before you realize the fact that his printing may set off an information revolution, you think his idea seems a little less great. None of us know who wrote the Bible, but we know the name of its publisher: Gutenberg. Yes, movable type printing in China has been used for hundreds of years before, but Gutenberg was the first to print words as books, not silk books. This innovation enabled a wider range of people to access knowledge, thus giving birth to the "Enlightenment Age". Gutenberg is one of the best inventors, but he is unlucky as a businessman. His printing changed the world, but it didn't make him rich, and in a lawsuit against his investor, he even lost the right to invent this technology. The coolest fact: In the debt-ridden predicament, Gutenberg spent his old age by working for the Archbishop of Mainz, who provided him with room and board to help him quit his drinking habit. Tenth place: Thomas Edison (USA)' s most famous invention: the light bulb is nothing more representative of innovative inventions than the light bulb. In fact, Edison's invention had such a profound impact on the world that it was dubbed as a symbol of all great ideas. When people think that Edison can easily focus on the light bulb (an invention design that he actually improved and made feasible), in fact, his real intention is to electrify the light bulb to make it glow. In 1882, Edison founded the world's first power transmission company to send electricity to 59 consumers in Manhattan. With the support of JP Morgan and Vanderbilt family consortium, Edison also used his knowledge to provide the world with an early version of the stock machine. The coolest fact: Edison fell in love with a popular fashion diet in his later years, that is, he only drank 1 pint of milk every 3 hours. Fortunately, Edison did not use his knowledge in the field of human life science.
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