The topic of campus violence is constantly mentioned by the media, especially in primary and secondary schools, which is really common in recent years. However, school violence is not unique to China, and related situations occur all over the world.
In view of the universality, long-term and complexity of bullying behaviors such as school violence, many countries adopt a zero-tolerance policy and require schools and parents to actively intervene. 1999 On April 20th, in Denver, Colorado, USA, two high school students who had been bullied for a long time rushed into Columbine Middle School with guns, killing 12 classmates and a teacher, injuring more than 20 people and then committing suicide. A survey conducted by united states secret service and the Ministry of Education in 2002 found that in the past 25 years, two thirds of the 37 school shootings in the United States were actually victims of bullying.
Definition of bullying among primary and secondary school students
Deng Hong, a well-known Chinese lawyer in the United States, said that on the qualitative issue of bullying, the federal government and state governments of the United States have passed a series of legislation, which not only defines beating, spitting, deliberately pushing and taking nude photos as bullying, but also includes mental degradation in the category of bullying. "Verbally insulting others, laughing at others in public because of their disability, race, color, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs and other reasons. Even verbal threats are bullying. "
The regulations on bullying in British schools are also very specific. For example, in Haverstock School in London, bullying behavior is subdivided into eight categories, such as speech, body, gender, posture, emotion, race, religion and internet. There are 35 detailed categories under each category. "belittling others", "laughing at others" and "spreading rumors" are all bullying, as are words like "you have no friends and no one likes you".
Norwegian primary and secondary schools have stipulated some hidden bullying behaviors that may be ignored. For example, if you have a birthday party for your child, you must invite the whole class. If you choose to hold a theme birthday party, you should do it according to the specific situation. For example, if you hold a girl's birthday party, you don't have to invite boys, but you must not miss any girl in the class, otherwise it will be regarded as bullying. Parents of uninvited girls can complain to the school or report to the education department.
Bullying by primary and secondary school students exists not only in real life, but also in virtual spaces such as social networks. The survey shows that about half of Norwegian teenagers aged 10 to 15 have been bullied by the internet. In the United States, a female student committed suicide because she was ridiculed and abused by a man on the Internet. After the incident, the relevant departments of the United States issued regulations to characterize insulting, attacking or disclosing classmates' privacy on social media such as Facebook and Twitter as cyberbullying.
Severe administrative criminal punishment
American schools adopt a zero-tolerance policy towards school bullying's behavior. Once the school finds bullying, it must act immediately, and serious behavior can be directly expelled. If students are found to bring knives to school or threaten teachers or other students, the school must take strict measures to punish the students concerned, including expulsion.
In addition, the federal government requires schools to take three measures: first, provide channels for reporting bullying incidents, and faculty members must report bullying incidents once they find them; The second is to investigate the reported bullying incidents; The third is to take active measures to intervene, from verbal warning to expulsion. For those students who are expelled for bullying, the government will arrange social organizations to carry out psychological intervention.
In response to bullying among primary and secondary school students, the relevant laws in the United States have been revised many times to increase penalties, especially in order to combat group bullying. All students involved in violence must be severely punished by "sitting together". If the teenagers involved in the school violence case are under the age of 18, the court will inform the students through counseling and warning that bullying is intolerable. If bullying leads to serious consequences, and the violent students have criminal records, even if they are under the age of 18, they can be tried as adult criminal cases and sentenced according to adult crimes.
At the level of parental management, American legislation clarifies the responsibility of parents to discipline their children. If children bully their classmates at school, the school will immediately ask for a parent-teacher meeting. If a student is underage and sent to a juvenile court for bullying, parents should also enter the judicial process with their children. If the judge determines that the child's bullying behavior is related to the parents' illegal behavior (such as drug abuse, alcoholism, etc.). ), the judge can transfer custody to foster families. In addition, if a child's bullying behavior causes injury or damage to others, parents must bear all civil liability for compensation.
There is still a long way to go to eradicate bullying.
According to the data of Norwegian Institute of Public Health, the anti-bullying intervention mechanism implemented in Norway has achieved good results, and bullying incidents have been reduced by 30% to 50%. However, even so, nearly 63,000 children in Norway are bullied at least two or three times a month.
South Korean President park geun-hye called school violence four evils that endanger Korean society, and vowed to eradicate this cancer during his term of office at the beginning of his term of office. In 20 12 and 20 13, the Korean government successively issued countermeasures to prevent and control school violence, and opened a 24-hour telephone hotline 1 17 to report school violence.
However, a recent survey by the Korea Institute of Health and Social Research shows that one-third of Korean children and adolescents aged 9 to 17 have been bullied and one-fifth have been bullied. The survey of school violence released by the Korean Ministry of Education last year showed that language violence accounted for the highest proportion in school violence, reaching 35.3%, collective isolation accounted for 16.9%, and physical violence accounted for 1 1.8%.
How to prevent school bullying?
1. First of all, when you are bullied, you'd better not show fear or cry, which will make the bully feel that you are good at bullying others. You should bravely, firmly and clearly tell bullies to stop their behavior, because some bullying behaviors are often for fun. If you see that the bullied person is strong, the bully will generally leave bored.
Secondly, in order to avoid being bullied, it's best to act with others, don't go to places where bullying is easy to happen alone, such as toilets, and avoid corners.
3. After being bullied, ask teachers, parents and police for help in time.
4. When you see other students being bullied, you should also report to the teacher, and you must not be silent for fear of retaliation.
In order not to become the object of violence, we should learn to protect ourselves, which is manifested in:
1, money is not exposed at ordinary times.
2. In areas with frequent campus violence such as toilets and corners, it is best to go hand in hand with classmates.
3, be friendly with others, don't make enemies with others, so as not to be retaliated.
4. When there is a conflict with others, be tolerant, avoid violent conflicts, and don't fight violence with violence.
5. If the other party wants money, we should focus on personal safety and give up money to save our lives; If the other party doesn't want money, we will call for help while looking for an opportunity to escape. If we can't escape, it's like the other side begging for mercy to reduce personal injury.
6. When the body is injured by violence, it is necessary to protect the head, especially the temples and the back of the head, and try to avoid it by the corner.
7. When you find yourself or others suffering from school violence, don't be afraid or worried, don't swallow your pride, and be sure to ask teachers, parents or police for help in time.