Due to the different time and disposal methods, two completely different results were finally formed. Two thousand years have passed since the incident. If we look back at these two events, we may be able to understand the thoughts and behaviors of people in that distant era and have great reference significance for our work today.
Ma Wu, the founding father, was robbed in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. In order to realize the long-term stability of the country, Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu strongly advocated Confucianism and rewarded honesty. Emperors of Ming Dynasty and Zhang and other countries inherited their thoughts of governing the country. After the rule of the Ming Dynasty and the eternal prosperity, the concept of respecting teachers and respecting morality has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and has become the mainstream values of the whole society. The society attaches great importance to moral evaluation, and incidents of maverick and self-defense emerge one after another. Revenge and murder, giving up wealth, helping the weak and hoeing the strong are everywhere, and even taking hostages as an extreme way to help educate others.
At the end of Emperor Guangwu's Jianwu, a major case shocked the ruling and opposition parties. The founding father, the general who captured Lu, and Ma Wu of Yang He were attacked and hijacked at home!
At that time, there was a crazy student, Zheng Yang, who was very talented and highly respected. He is a good friend of dignitaries and Xinyang Houyin. One day, I heard Yin mention Ma Wu's reputation, so I wanted to see it. Yin smiled and said, "Ma Wu is also my good friend! He used to come to my house, but now he hasn't come for a long time. I'm afraid it's not easy for a young scholar to want to see him now! "
Zheng Yang has always been arrogant and bold, and he is determined to teach Ma Wu a lesson. He ran to Ma Fu with a sharp sword, but Ma Wu turned him down because he was in a bad mood. Zheng Yang was furious and went straight to yangfu. He caught Ma Wu, put a steel knife around his neck and snapped, "Yang! I can't thank my country enough. I am a vassal's assistant. I don't consider seeking talents to repay my special favor. How dare I look at the world so handsome! What crime? If you dare to move today, I will kill you! "
Ma Wu although battle-hardened, but his face changed because of fear. Ma Fu was frightened to disgrace, thinking that Ma Wu was hijacked by bandits, and the world was in chaos. When the news reached Yin's ears, he left. Yin publicly rebuked Ma Wu for not underestimating the hero, which caused great disaster. Ask Ma Wu again: "Would you like to be friends with Zheng Yang?" In order to save his life, Ma Wu repeatedly promised: "Yes! Yes! " Then he had to return the sword and sheath, and under the escort of Yin, he left.
The reason why Ma Wu was hijacked is ridiculous. The man who hijacked him was a knowledgeable Confucian scholar-Zheng Yang. Moreover, the two have never met and have never had any festivals. But why did such a kidnapping happen?
Ma Wu, a native of Nanyang, is an old general with outstanding achievements and one of the founding fathers of the Eastern Han Empire. He was born in a rough background, originally a hero of the greenwood, and later joined Liu Xiu. Although Ma Wu has outstanding military exploits, he has never been a commander-in-chief, and he is not very prominent among the pack, and his ranking has always been relatively low.
Ma Wu has been unconvinced by this problem. At the end of Jianwu, with the death of a large number of old generals, he devoted himself to killing the enemy and making meritorious deeds, striving for new achievements and surpassing his old brothers in one fell swoop.
However, since Liu Xiu unified the whole world in the middle of Wushu, he has stopped fighting for more than 20 years. Ma Wu is a hero's useless place, so he can only be disgruntled. Although Ma Wu repeatedly asked Liu Xiu to well-documented, he refused. In the autumn of the 24th year of Jianwu, Ma Wu finally got a rare chance to play.
He served as the deputy commander of the Confederate army, and was one-way with General Fu Bo and Hou Ma, the leader of Wuling Miao people. However, due to various reasons, Ma Yuan died of illness, and he didn't fight well in the southern expedition.
Liu Xiu flew into a rage, and even the dead Ma Yuan was criticized by Ge Jue. As a lieutenant, Ma Wu was also reprimanded, so he had to go home and think behind closed doors. He was embarrassed to come out to see people for a long time. Because he lost the opportunity to serve his country, Ma Wu became a little depressed, shut himself up at home and sulked. No one wanted to see him. Even his old friend Yin didn't bother to reply.
After this great change, Ma Wu was not disgusted with Zheng Yang's rudeness at all, nor did he use his power to retaliate against others. He learned his lesson, and his mind was no longer depressed and proud. He made up his mind to keep practicing every day, just like in the war years, ready to go into battle to kill the enemy. This change in horses cannot be said to be the result of crazy special education.
The old horse lurks, aiming at a thousand miles. Ma Wu's patience and hard work bided his time. In the early years of Yongping, Dian Wu and Dian An, the leaders of Qiang nationality, led tens of thousands of troops into Longyou, threatening Guanzhong. Ma Wu volunteered again and was finally recognized by the new country, Wang Mingdi Liu Zhuang.
Under the command of Ma Wu, the Han army won a great victory. Ma Wu became the most dazzling general in the army at that time. Zheng Yang, previously unknown, is also famous in the world. Events such as the special communication between Ma and Yang really shocked future generations. But this is the ethos of the Eastern Han Dynasty, straightforward and simple, and quite rude.
Judging from Xinyang Houyin's handling of the incident, it was calm and comprehensive, which not only saved the life of the hostage Ma Wu, but also saved the kidnapper's safety and even face. The end result is that both sides are happy and live in peace. Ma Wu and Zheng Yang made friends in a special way, which became a much-told story for a while. But more than a hundred years later, another kidnapping case happened in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the cause and effect were not so wonderful. ...
Qiu's son was robbed at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Although his people's moral beauty is as good as ever, his politics is increasingly corrupt. Since the Andi period, laws have been lax, society has been chaotic, and countless people have taken risks. In Luoyang, the capital, hostage-taking incidents occur from time to time. Moreover, it is not uncommon for such things to happen frequently in powerful families.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a famous minister with high moral character named Qiao Xuan. He once served as a general in the Lingdi era, such as Liao, Tu and Qiu. During Qiao Xuan's tenure in North Korea, due to the fatuity of the emperor, the eunuchs played politics, social unrest and depression of people's livelihood. Qiao Xuan's career was mediocre, even in the Eastern Han Dynasty. One of the most famous events in Qiao Xuan's history is his handling of the kidnapping of his youngest son.
The kidnapping recorded in the Book of Were Han goes like this:
"XuanShaoZi ten years old, swim alone door times, there are three people holding a stick, into the house, the xuan for money, the xuan and not out. Once upon a time, there was a captain who led Henan Yin and Luoyang to guard the Xuan family. The ball is afraid of killing his son, but he doesn't want to force it. Chen Xuan's eyes shouted, "there is no such thing as a traitor. How could Xuan take his son's life as a national thief? "Urge the soldiers to move forward. So attacking it, Zi Xuan also died. Xuan Nai pleaded guilty and pleaded with the world: "If there are hostages, kill them together, and you can't redeem the treasure and open a treacherous road. "Imperial edict has its own chapter. Since the beginning of Emperor An, the statutes have been a little loose, and the capital has taken hostages, not avoiding extravagance and naturally abandoning them. "
This is a sensation, and both the government and the public are talking about it. Even people at that time could hardly understand Qiao Xuan's actions, let alone people today. Due to the age, we don't know the details of this matter. According to the brief records in the history books, we can imagine restoring the scene at that time, and the plot is likely to be like this:
Because Qiao Xuan is a big bureaucrat and a senior official at the level of prime minister, he probably lives in an upscale house in an alley in Luoyang. Some wicked people who break into houses and commit crimes like to make trouble in these areas. As usual, Qiao Xuan's youngest son, who is only ten years old, is playing alone at home.
As far as children are concerned, they have no self-defense ability. And Joe's father's family is not prepared because it is located in the downtown area. Suddenly, three gangsters armed with sticks and steel knives hijacked the child, rushed into Qiao's house and boarded the attic. They took the children hostage, made a hullabaloo about in the attic and demanded a ransom.
Hearing the kidnapper's voice, the servants rushed over. The person in charge ordered Qiao Xuan to be invited, while stabilizing the kidnappers with good words. After learning the news, Qiao Xuan immediately rushed to the scene to talk to the kidnappers: "Let the child go quickly and spare you!" Because the hostage is in hand, the kidnapper is fearless: "Cut the crap and get the money quickly, or you will die!" " "Qiao Xuan is angry:" You damn robbers, dare to kidnap children in broad daylight and ask for money? "Can't do that! I won't give a penny! "
While dealing with the kidnappers, Qiao Xuan hinted that the people in the house should report the case as soon as possible. After a while, a captain led troops from Henan Yin and Luoyang Ling to surround Qiao Xuanfu. However, with the hostage in the hands of the kidnappers, Yang Qiu still dared not move, for fear that the kidnappers would jump over the wall and hurt the hostage's life. So, he hesitated and did not act.
Qiao Xuan hated the kidnapper's behavior, and now he has considered it, and he can't give in to the kidnapper anyway; Even if the hostage's life is sacrificed, the kidnappers must be arrested and brought to justice, which can not but encourage the arrogance of the wicked.
Qiao Xuan opened her eyes wide and said angrily to Yang Qiu and others, "These kidnappers have no humanity! Even the children were spared. Do it quickly! Anyway, catch these thieves first! " "But, childe in their hands! Do you want to save people first? " Yang fairway.
"Nonsense! Now, in front of our eyes, we are traitors who ignore the law and discipline, and thieves who despise national laws and regulations. This is the national justice, not personal grievances. I can't let these people do whatever they want because I cherish my son's life! "
"Do it!" At Qiao Xuan's repeated urging, Yang Qiu had no choice but to storm and arrest the kidnappers. The kidnappers had no idea that it was such a result! They fought back in despair, killing Qiao Xuan's son first and then giving in easily. The poor innocent child lost his life in vain before he knew what had happened.
On the issue of right and wrong, Ma Wu was kidnapped by Zheng Yang. Although the kidnapper did not cheat money for the purpose, it was more like an absurd joke, but in the current legal sense, it should also be regarded as kidnapping.
Judging from the kidnapping of Qiao Xuan's youngest son, this is a thorough criminal case. The kidnapper kidnapped the victim's son for the purpose of defrauding money, then demanded money from the victim, and finally tore the ticket because the victim refused to redeem it.
Later generations always pass on the story of Zheng Yang kidnapping Ma Wu as a beautiful talk, but blindly accuse Qiao Xuan of improper handling, resulting in the tragic death of his son. For example, some modern scholars severely criticized Qiao Xuan's behavior. They think: Qiao Xuan dealt with the kidnapping of his son by cruel and heartless means. In order to defend his cruelty and ruthlessness, he also thought that the redemption of hostages was a kind of "opening the way for evil" and asked the government to ban it by law.
History books emphasize that the price of son's sacrifice is "nature", "protecting hostages" and "opening the way for evil", and there is no causal relationship. Redemption for the protection of hostages is a kind of respect for human rights.
Since the emergence of human beings, it seems that Qiao Xuan is the only one, and his heart is like a snake and scorpion. Normal human beings are unwilling to watch their parents, children, wives and husbands die tragically at the hands of gangsters. Therefore, as long as there is kidnapping, there will be redemption; For five thousand years, there have been countless redemptions, and evil is not encouraged!
History books emphasize that there has been no hostage-taking incident since then, which is deceptive! Destroying the nine clans can't stop rebellion, only killing one person, how to stop sin? They accused Qiao Xuan of being a "rare bird and animal" and said, "It may be because of contradictions within Qiao Xuan's own family, and it may be that Qiao Xuan is about to abort the child." He also said that "tiger poison does not eat children, and Qiao Xuan is much more poisonous than tiger poison." There are many shameless faces and ruthless behaviors in this world, and there is a benchmark of' righteousness and family' on the head. "
The above statement is correct to some extent, but it is also one-sided. Judging from the historical records of Qiao Xuan's life, he is strong, not strong, modest and frugal. Although he has served as a senior official for many times, he does not ask for personal favors because of his high position. As an honest official, he didn't even have the money for burial after his death, and was called a famous minister by people at that time.
Judging from these circumstances, he is undoubtedly a gentleman. In the absence of any evidence, it is speculated that Qiao Xuan has ulterior motives, and it is purely groundless to assume that he wants to kill people because of family conflicts. Now it seems that the reason why Qiao Xuan went her own way and chose to storm the kidnappers regardless of her son's life and death may be mainly to realize her ideals and safeguard her reputation as a world celebrity!
Although he is trying to set an example for the world, he will never compromise with evil forces. Although the starting point is good, the result is very bad. It is obviously thoughtless to be so hard regardless of the safety of the hostages.
Everyone has his own basic rights and the right to exist. Obviously, Qiao Xuan didn't put this son's right to life first. In this sense, the poor child died not from the kidnapper's weapon, but from his father's political ideal and moral concept. Sad husband!
References:
1, History of the Later Han Dynasty (full 12 volume), Ye Fan in the Southern Dynasties, Zhonghua Book Company, 1956, 1 edition, 1976, the fourth printing in Shanghai.
2. Zi Jian (all 20 volumes), written by Sima Guang in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhonghua Book Company, 1965, 1 edition, 1973, the second printing in Shanghai.
3. Proceedings of the Eastern Han Dynasty (full 1 volume), written by Xu Tianlin in Southern Song Dynasty, Zhonghua Book Company 1 July, 955/edition, Shanghai 1 printing.
4. The History of the Three Kingdoms (all five volumes), Chen Shou of the Western Jin Dynasty, Zhonghua Book Company, 1959, 1 February edition, 1964, the fourth printing in Shanghai.