This book is the final work of five historical novels by Xiankeweiqi. With colorful historical pictures, tortuous plots and vivid characters, the work depicts the magnificent anti-aggression struggle in Polish history. 1399, the knights of the Crusaders constantly harassed the Polish border, burning and looting. Facing the national disaster, Juhlander, the owner of the border castle, and his uncles Macko and Byshko joined the Great Patriotic War as "little people". Through the tempering of life and suffering, their personal growth and victory in the Great Patriotic War finally became a reality.
Detailed introduction
Knight of the Crusaders is the last of five world-renowned historical novels by Polish writer Henryk Sienkiewicz, which was published in Warsaw on 1900. This work is composed of surging patriotic passion, colorful historical pictures, tortuous storyline, tortuous and wonderful layout, seamless structure, vivid characters and dramatic rhetoric, which constitutes an ode to strength and justice. The work reflects the anti-aggression struggle during the relatively strong period in Polish history. The whole work is permeated with Poland's national pride as a big European country and its belief in winning in the face of stubborn enemies. It shows the past glory of a big country with thousands of years of civilization history, and carries forward the iron clank and the heroic spirit of the Polish nation. It not only realized the dream of the Polish people who were under foreign slavery when the writer wrote this novel, but also inspired them to fight indomitable for the rejuvenation of the motherland. This also proves to the world that although Poland has ceased to exist as a unified and independent country since it was divided by Russia, Austria and Prussia for the third time in 1795, there is still a motherland in the hearts of Poles, as they sang in a famous song, "As long as we live.
Hen Shankovic 1846 was born on May 5, 1946 in Vukovski County, Lublin Province, Poland, which was occupied by Russia. Although his family is a declining aristocratic family, it has a profound patriotic tradition. The writer's father took part in the November uprising against Russia in 1830, and his mother came from a famous family. She is well-educated, knowledgeable, well-read and has a large collection of Polish classics and world literary masterpieces. Influenced by his mother, Xiankeweiqi loved literature since childhood. 1858, he went to Warsaw to attend middle school. Three years later, his father's manor went bankrupt, and his family moved to Warsaw to make a living from their past savings. He was in an awkward position and had to drop out of school to be a tutor. From 1866 to 187 1 year, he studied law and medicine at Warsaw Central University. Later, he transferred to the Polish Language and Literature-History Department of the university. While studying, I tutor and live a poor life. It is the difficult times and family environment that honed his will, cultivated and tempered his creative talent, and created a world-famous literary master.
As early as in middle school, Xiankeweiqi wrote many beautiful and moving short stories, with vertical brushwork and sharp edges. During his college years, he began to write literary reviews for newspapers and magazines, as well as novels. 1872, his first novella "In vain" came out, and then his collection of novellas "Humorous Stories in Valshiva's Bag" and "From Nature and Life" were published one after another. Since then, he has established himself as a novelist and journalist. 1876, he went to the United States as a polish newspaper reporter for more than two years, and also went to some countries in western Europe on his way home. The trip to the United States and Western Europe not only greatly broadened his horizons and enriched his experience, but also gradually formed his democratic world outlook. As a reporter, he wrote a lot of communication reports for Polish newspapers, which were later collected into a letter to the United States. During this period, he also created a large number of short stories. At this time, Senkevich was in the prime of life, engaged in novel creation, and he became a man of character. His works, big or small, are excellent, and are known as "charcoal sketches" of short stories in world literature. For bread, musicians Yang Ke, lighthouse keepers, chiefs and Ossur all came from this period. Generally speaking, the works of this period have a wide range of themes, which go deep into all aspects of social life in Poland and the United States that the author has heard and witnessed. In these works, like other works of Xiankovic, there are cries of pain, angry accusations and rebellious cries, but there is never flattery to the occupier or desperate cries of the occupied. Perseverance, not surrender, is a major feature of Xiankeweiqi's works.
Since May 1883, he has published three historical novels for more than five years: With with fire and sword, Riptide and Mr. Iovski. These three voluminous masterpieces are all based on Polish history in17th century. Fire and Sword describes the rebellion of KhMirni Tsky, a Ukrainian aristocrat who was part of Polish territory at that time. Torrent and Vovoldi Iovski respectively reflected Poland's war against the invasion of Sweden and Turkey. Because the storyline and characterization of the works are consistent, they are collectively called the Senkowitz trilogy. With his brilliant brushwork and magnificent panoramic scenes, Xiankovic recreated the social outlook of Poland at that time, revealed the patriotic spirit and eternal merits of invincible national heroes and people who fought bloody battles to defend the motherland, and proved that the great Polish nation was invincible. 1896, Shankovic finished an exotic historical novel "Where are you going" reflecting the fall of the Roman tyrant Nero. 1905, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature for this work.
1February 897 to1March 900, the writer published "Crusader Knight" in newspapers and periodicals. In order to write this novel, he consulted almost all the existing information about the Crusader knights in Poland and European countries, studied the ancient Polish literature, and made a field trip to Marbok, the capital of the Crusader knights, so that the knight stronghold depicted in the novel was real and concrete.
The historical background of the Crusader Knight is very profound. The Polish nation established a feudal country in the middle of the tenth century, and the fourth generation monarch of Piast dynasty accepted Christianity in Latin ceremony in 966. /kloc-at the beginning of the 0/2 century, feudal separatism appeared in China. In the northeast of Poland, between the Vistula and Niemann rivers, there are Prussians who believe in polytheism. Because of their different religious beliefs from the Poles, they often have wars with the princes of Mazovshe Principality in northern Poland. 1226, Konrad, the maharaja of Mazzov, decided to introduce the Germanic Order established in Jerusalem when the Crusades conquered Prussia, and ceded Kumino to them as a fief. After the Knights conquered Prussia, they immigrated to Germany and carried out the policy of Germanization in this area. 1234, the Pope declared Prussia the private property of the Order. 1237, the Teutonic Order merged with the Knights with Sword stationed on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea to form a powerful Crusader Order, with its capital in Mabock. With the support of the German emperor, the Knights Kingdom gradually got rid of the control of the vassals of Matsov, constantly occupied Polish territory, threatening Poland's security, and at the same time occupied the Zimuz territory of Lithuania, threatening Lithuania's security. 1320, Vardis Lao Walcott was established as the king of Poland, and the kingdom of Poland was established on the basis of feudal separatism. 1355, the princes of Mazzovski recognized the suzerainty of the Polish king. 1370, Poland realized the alliance with the Hungarian dynasty, because the royal system of Piast dynasty in Poland was interrupted at that time, and Louis, who was descended from Polish royal family in the Hungarian Anjou dynasty, succeeded to the Polish throne. After the death of Louis, his youngest daughter Yad Vega was crowned king of Poland in Krakow on 1384. In order to fight against the enemies of the Crusaders, Lithuanian Grand Duke Yatevo decided to unite with Poland and came to Krakow in 1386. He was baptized by Christianity according to the Latin ceremony, named Vardis Lao, married Yadeweka, and was crowned as the Polish king, known as Wadysaw II Jagiellonow (1386- 1434). In this way, a powerful Polish-Lithuanian United Kingdom was formed, and the rule of the Yagwo dynasty began in Polish history. /kloc-in the spring of 0/409, an uprising against the Knights broke out in Zimuz, which was supported by Yakovo's cousin, Lithuanian Grand Duke Vitold. On 14 10 July 15, the Polish-Lithuanian allied forces and the Knights were in a decisive battle in grunwald, and the Knights were almost wiped out.
The novel focuses on the eleven years from the death of Queen Yadvika in 1399 to the battle of grunwald in 14 10. The Polish people suffered from the invasion of the Knights and fought back until they won the final victory. Between the lines of the novel runs the arduous struggle of the Polish and Lithuanian people against the Knights for more than 100 years, which makes the picture in the novel vivid and prominent, and full of magnificent historical details.
The novel takes the experience of Juhlander's family being killed by the Knights and Macko's uncle as the main clue, and sets up numerous episodes and branches, interweaving into a structural network with clear priorities, clear context and interrelation. The author's narrative is patchwork, smooth and natural, and the plot unfolds like a dragon, a river running, and sometimes like a clear stream, full of poetry and painting. The whole work is full of twists and turns and climaxes. This rigorous conception and layout serve a theme, that is, to show the Crusaders from all directions and angles that they are the mortal enemies of the Polish and Lithuanian people, and it is natural and human nature to destroy them.
The writer, with his always sharp writing style, sketched with creepy pictures and broad background, profoundly exposed the greed, cunning, cruelty, malice and treachery of knights. Even in relatively peaceful times, they frequently provoked wars in the border areas, and even attacked and kidnapped the prince of Mazovshe Principality, who had always been kind to knights, so that Jurand lost his beloved wife. Later, they hijacked Jurand's beloved daughter, Dan Xia Lu, and tricked Jurand into their castle, where she was horribly humiliated and tortured. The example of Jurand's father and daughter being tortured by the Knights is typical, but it is by no means an individual phenomenon, but a microcosm of the whole Polish and Lithuanian nation being hurt by the Knights. Since the Knights entered Poland, they have burned and looted everywhere, leaving a scorched earth. On the roadside and in front of the gate of Knight Castle, there are gallows with innocent bodies everywhere. Poles in border areas "sleep at night and never know whether they will be handcuffed when they wake up tomorrow, whether there will be a sword around their necks and whether the roof will catch fire". It was the crazy aggression of the knights that drove the Poles to the last straw and forced them to launch a national anti-aggression war. Before the war broke out, the screenwriter made a lot of preparations and rendered a tense atmosphere of "imminent" and "unexpected". The battle of grunwald is even more vivid, with power generation soaring and Changhong soaring. With the support of the Pope, the German emperor and the feudal lords of western countries, the Knights are mighty and magnificent, while the Polish-Lithuanian Coalition forces are the teachers of justice. They fought bloody battles to defend the country, watched the eagle soar and fought against the wind, and finally beat such a strong enemy as the Knights out of the water and won brilliant victories. The description of grunwald's fierce battle in the book is a magnificent and magnificent war picture rarely seen in Polish literature, which pushes the plot of the novel to a climax and fully shows the heroic quality of the Polish people who are loyal to their country.
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