1. Hukou, also known as Hukou, is the general name of Hukou and population, with family as the household and population as the population. The carrier of household registration is the household registration book, which is a legal document produced by the household administration department of the public security organ to record and retain the basic information of the registered population. Under the auspices of Shang Yang, Qin took the lead in establishing a strict household registration system. "Within the four borders, both husband and wife are named, the living write, and the dead cut." It also prohibits people from moving freely, "abolishing the practice" and "depriving people of the right to move freely". People who want to go out to stay in a hotel must have an official letter of introduction, otherwise the guests will be punished with the hotel. By establishing a strict household registration system, Qin gained a strong fiscal and tax absorption ability and national mobilization ability, and won the battle for hegemony. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang's army invaded Xianyang, and the generals were busy grabbing gold and silver treasures and beautiful women. Xiao He first seized the household registration files of the Qin Dynasty, which reflected his extraordinary political foresight. Later, "Hanwang (Liu Bang) knows the world, the number of registered permanent residence, the strength and weakness, and the sufferings of the people. How did (Xiao) get Qin Shu?"
Second, the business of household registration management generally includes three parts: premise business, main business and sub-attribute business: place name management, administrative division management (the above two items are the responsibility of civil affairs departments in China), household registration jurisdiction and household registration responsibility division, and household management. , these are the premise business of household registration management; Household registration, household statistics, household survey, household registration file management, resident identity document management, permanent population management, temporary population management, etc. , is the main business of household registration management; Population migration control and community security management. , which is a sub-attribute business of household registration management.
Third, the household registration management in China has a strong color of hierarchy and class oppression, so it has obvious feudal autocracy. However, the household registration management in modern countries is an indispensable operating basis in many fields, such as citizens' life, public services, government administration, national justice and so on. It is a sign that the state confirms and protects the legitimate rights and interests of registrants according to law, and the legal documents and information services it provides are indispensable prerequisites and exchanges for citizens' normal activities. It is the necessary foundation of urban management and other administrative management related to communities, residents and population. Its identification of identity, capacity for rights and responsibility and its support for the division of jurisdiction are also the necessary foundation of various judicial activities in various countries. It not only exerts psychological pressure on the registered people who are generally registered, but also strongly supports various public utilities, public services, public management and public safety work in various ways, such as personal identification, verification, time and space control, promoting neighborhood relations, and organizing residents' self-defense.