Criminal agency refers to the litigation activities carried out by the criminal litigation agent in the name of the client and within the scope authorized by the client in order to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, entrusted by the victims of public prosecution cases and their legal representatives or their close relatives, the parties involved in incidental civil litigation and their legal representatives, and the private prosecutors and their legal representatives in private prosecution cases. The agent in criminal proceedings participates in the proceedings in the name of the client rather than in his own name. An agent must protect his legitimate rights and interests through litigation according to the will of the principal. At the same time, the agent ad litem must conduct the litigation within the scope authorized by the principal, and the principal will not bear the consequences of the litigation activities beyond the scope authorized without the ratification of the principal. article 11 of the criminal procedure law of People's Republic of China (PRC)
if the victim suffers material losses due to the defendant's criminal behavior, he has the right to bring an incidental civil action in the course of criminal proceedings. If the victim dies or loses his capacity for civil conduct, his legal representative and close relatives have the right to file an incidental civil action.
if state property or collective property suffers losses, the people's procuratorate may bring an incidental civil action when it brings a public prosecution.