In the last episode of the program, Mr. Yi Zhongtian said that Cao Cao stepped forward politically, pushed his luck, seized the supreme power of the empire at that time, and gained the highest position after the emperor. Moreover, because of his monopolization of power, there are more emperors than emperors, and even many people think that Cao Cao is already an emperor in name only. However, in this process, at the critical moment, Cao Cao was opposed by Yu Xun. Yu Xun is the most important counselor of Cao Cao Group and the most trusted person of Cao Cao. In Cao Cao's many years of campaign, Yu Xun made suggestions for Cao Cao and devoted himself to it. However, when Cao Cao wanted to seal Gong Weijian and Guo Wei, he raised objections. Why? Yi Zhongtian, a professor at Xiamen University, is a guest in Lecture Room, which will show you the splendor of the Three Kingdoms.
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Yi Zhongtian:
Why does Yu Xun object? Why do you object? Why is Yu Xun's opposition so important? We must first see what kind of person Yu Xun is.
Yu Xun is a clever man. When Cao Cao got Yu Xun, he said, "So did my ovaries," meaning that Cao Cao regarded Yu Xun as his Sean. In the process of Cao Cao's northern expedition, Yu Xun helped Cao Cao to make suggestions and defeat the enemy at every critical moment. It was not until the 13th year of Jian 'an that Cao Cao made a southern expedition, and Liu Biao used Yu Xun's strategic plan, which was the first point.
Second, Yu Xun has ideals. When Cao Cao hesitated to welcome Feng Tianzi into Xu County, it was Yu Xun who put forward the famous three cardinal guides, which we have already talked about in the episode of Vision. In other words, Yu Xun is a person with a sense of justice and political ideals.
Third, Yu Xun is far-sighted. Before the battle of Guandu, Cao Cao was very worried about whether he could defeat Yuan Shao. It was Yu Xun who put forward the four advantages of Cao Cao and the four disadvantages of Yuan Shao.
Fourth, Yu Xun has the responsibility. In the first year of Xingping, as soon as Cao Cao got Yanzhou, he led the whole army to conquer Tao Qian on behalf of Yanzhou shepherds and their nests to attract phoenix. At this time, two old friends of Cao Cao, one named Zhang Miao and the other named Chen Gong, suddenly rose up against Cao Cao and joined forces with Lu Bu to fight Cao Cao. After Lu Bu's army came, the whole Yanzhou basically turned against Cao Cao, leaving only three cities. At this time, Yu Xun and Cheng Yu stayed in Cao Cao's base camp, and they stayed in Juancheng. Yu Xun immediately realized that if these three cities could not be kept, Cao Cao's expedition to Xuzhou failed again, and Cao Cao would become a lost dog and his lair would be copied. So he negotiated with Yu to let Cheng Yu settle in the two cities, while he and Xia Houdun stayed in Juancheng. At this time, a man named Guo Gong came to Juancheng with a great army and asked Yu Xun to meet him. Yu Xun immediately said that I was going to see him, but Xia Houdun said that you couldn't go. You are a national guard. What should I do if something happened after you left? Yu Xun said it doesn't matter. Why? Because Guo Gong and Zhang Miao have nothing to do with each other at ordinary times, and Lu Bu has nothing to do with it, he suddenly came with his army, which shows that he hasn't made up his mind yet. He is here to explore the truth. If we use him here, he may go back. He said that I would still go to see him, so Yu Xun smiled and went out of town alone to see Guo Gong. When Guo Gong saw it, he knew that Juancheng could not take it and return it. So it was Yu Xun and Cheng Yu who helped Cao Cao hold the base when he was not very successful.
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So Yu Xun is such a person, with wisdom, ideals, foresight and responsibility, so Cao Cao trusts him very much. In addition, Yu Xun was born in a noble family in the Eastern Han Dynasty, with good moral quality, popularity and fame. So many conditions are the iron relationship with Cao Cao. Therefore, when Dong Zhao proposed to establish Wei, the first person he thought of was.
* In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an, Dong Zhao and his colleagues proposed to Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty that Cao Cao should be named Duke Wei with nine tin. If Cao Cao sealed Duke Wei, it means that he can have his own team, establish his own country and government, and establish a "country within a country" in the Han Dynasty. This was uncontested at that time, and after Dong Zhao's proposal came out, how did Yu Xun, an important counselor of Cao Cao, react?
Dong Zhao went to Yu Xun for advice. In fact, he didn't mean to ask for advice. What is that? People hope that Yu Xun will take the lead in this matter, and Yu Xun will put a seal on the emperor, which is what they hope. But what about the result? As a result, Yu Xun expressed opposition. How did Yu Xun oppose it? Yu Xun said to Dong Zhao: What is the purpose of Cao's fairness and chaos? In order to restore the Han Dynasty and defend the country, our Cao Gong upheld loyalty and stuck to the concession. He is a loyal minister, which is our noble moral quality of Cao Gong. A gentleman loves virtue, and a gentleman really loves a person, not to give him this rank and reputation, but to help him complete his moral ideal and ensure that he is a moral and noble person. This is what a gentleman should do. Since our tso is so noble-he didn't say what he meant, that means-why did you drag him into the water? So Yu Xun said four words: "inappropriate", not good.
So who is Yu Xun talking to? On the surface, it is said to Dong Zhao that it is not good for you to do so. But in fact, with Yu Xun's cleverness, he couldn't help but know that it was Cao Cao's idea to seal Gong Wei and build Guo Wei, which Cao Cao wanted to do, but Cao Cao himself was not convenient to say. But what does Yu Xun mean by saying this? He is against it. But he can't directly tell Cao Cao that you shouldn't do this, because Cao Cao himself didn't say I would do it. He can only pretend that Cao Cao doesn't know these things and that these people are kissing Dong Zhao's ass. I also hope that Cao Cao can borrow a donkey to stop Dong Zhao's action.
However, we know very well that Cao Cao wants to seal Gong Wei and build Guo Wei. Therefore, after Dong Zhao conveyed the news to Cao Cao, Cao Cao was very angry. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, "the mind cannot be at peace". Ah, uncle Li is very angry, and the consequences are very serious. How serious is it? Just at this time, Cao Cao wanted to levy Sun Quan, so Cao Cao went to the court and asked Shangshu to order Yu Xun to work in Qiao County. When Yu Xun came to the army, Cao Cao took the opportunity to detain him and said, Please help me as a staff officer and don't go back. In fact, he was relieved of his post as secretary. Then Yu Xun went to Shouchun, and he was easily ill. Not long after, he died mysteriously at the age of 50.
* Cao Cao is bent on sealing Gong Wei and building Guo Wei, but Yu Xun thinks that Cao Cao is a courtier of the big fellow, and now his position is in full swing, so he should not push his luck. After Cao Cao knew it, he was in a bad mood and found a reason to demote him. As a result, this think tank, which devoted himself to Cao Cao's career and relied on by Cao Cao, died mysteriously in the year of his destiny. The death of Yu Xun left a historical mystery for future generations. How did Yu Xun die? Does his death have anything to do with Cao Cao?
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* Mr. Yi Zhongtian just said that Yu Xun was opposed to Cao Cao's sealing of Gong Wei, which made Cao Cao very uncomfortable and made an excuse to demote Yu Xun. The first-class counselor who followed Cao Cao crisscrossed the north and south eventually died mysteriously. The death of Yu Xun is not only the loss of Cao Cao Group, but also a historical mystery. How did he die? Does his death have anything to do with Cao Cao?
There are many stories about the death of Yu Xun in history. In Xun's biography, there are three words: "I am worried". When I die, I die of depression, depression and depression again. This is the official history. Therefore, Pei Songzhi quoted Wei's "Spring and Autumn Annals" in the Biography of the Three Kingdoms, saying that Cao Cao had sent a box of grain and opened it. It was empty. He committed suicide by taking poison. Moreover, this matter was not clear at that time, not to mention that we are not clear now. Third, at that time, someone escaped from Shouchun and reported to Sun Quan that Yu Xun was dead. Sun Quan asked Wen how he died, saying that Cao Cao wanted to murder Queen Fu, but he didn't do so and committed suicide. The third statement at that time. Then let's see how this Yu Xun died.
* There are three different stories about Yu Xun's death in history. One died of depression, the other committed suicide by taking poison, and the third one told Sun Quan that Cao Cao wanted Yu Xun to kill Queen Fu, but Yu Xun refused to commit suicide. Of these three statements, the third is the most controversial and questioned. With Yu Xun's character and personality, how could he participate in killing the queen? What does Mr. Yi Zhongtian think of this?
First of all, people who escaped from Shouchun said that Cao Cao wanted Yu Xun to murder the queen Fu, but Yu Xun refused to commit suicide. This must be a rumor. To make it clear that this is a rumor, let's tell the story a little. What is this story about? It is said that in the fifth year of Jian 'an, the imperial edict of Dong Cheng happened. You may remember this, that is, General Dong, who was riding a chariot, suffered the imperial edict of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty to murder Cao. This was discovered by Cao Cao and killed them in Dongcheng. After this incident, it is said that Queen Fu wrote a letter to his father Wan Fu, saying that the emperor was very angry. How could Cao Cao do this? He said many bad things about Cao Cao, so Wan Fu showed the letter to Yu Xun after receiving it. After reading it, Yu Xun was disgusted and didn't speak. Later, this letter was taken away by Wan Fu's brother-in-law. After sealing it, it was given to Cao Cao. This brother-in-law is also unreliable. It seems to be for Cao Cao. After Yu Xun got the news, he rushed from Xudu to Yecheng to see Cao Cao, and then told Cao Cao to make a suggestion. What advice? Let Cao Cao marry his daughter to the emperor to be queen. Cao Cao said this thing is impossible. The emperor has a queen. Besides, how can I be worthy of the daughter of the Cao family? Yu Xun said that the queen is now ineffective, and has never given birth to a son, and her personality is not good. She once wrote a letter to his father insulting the Prime Minister, and the words were very ugly. We can take this opportunity to abolish her. Cao Cao said: Is that right? Yes, she did write. Do you know this letter? I know. Then why didn't you say so earlier? Yu Xun said, I told you, I told you a long time ago. Did Cao Cao say that a long time ago? Can I not remember such a big thing? Yu Xun said, Oh, yes, yes, yes, wasn't Gong Ming fighting Yuan Shao in Guandu at that time? Yu Xun didn't report, for fear of disturbing the morale of the army. Cao Cao said that after the battle of Guandu? Why didn't you report it? Zhao Jian 'an case lasted for five years, and he died in Jian 'an for seventeen years and twelve years. How do you make sense? Therefore, this story is false at first glance. Pei Songzhi said in his notes: "No matter how stupid a person is, he won't do such a stupid thing. How is it possible for Xun? It is out of the question.
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So what about the case of Queen Fu? In the 19th year of Jian 'an, that is, two years after her death, Queen Fu was killed by Cao Cao. It is revealed that she wrote this letter to her father, Wan Fu, and then Cao Cao sent Lv Chi, an ancient imperial adviser, and a new official, Hua Xin, to the palace to arrest the queen Fu, who closed the palace door and then hid on the wall, possibly a sandwich wall. Hua Xin rushed in and smashed the door, smashed the wall and dragged Queen Fu out of the mezzanine wall. The queen walked past the emperor with her hair disheveled and bare feet, and said to the emperor with tears, can't your majesty save me? The emperor said I don't know when I will die, and then the emperor said, Gong, is there such a thing in the world? Then Lv Chi sat there and said nothing. This incident was recorded in the Biography of Cao Zang, which was an unkind biography of Cao Cao. Then it was recorded as a historical fact in the History of the Later Han Dynasty, and then greatly exaggerated in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In order to prove what kind of traitor and thief Cao Cao was, he bullied the queen in this way. Then Mr. Lv Simian said, "At first glance, this is an incidental conversation, but at first glance, it is false and unreliable." . Moreover, Mr. Lv Simian emphasized that it is reliable to write it in the Book of Were Han. There are many unreliable things in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty. What do you think the Book of the Later Han Dynasty is?
Mr. Lu said that a person who achieves great things will not care about other people's comments, and a person who wants to achieve great things will not care about fame. He wants to do great things, where will he have time to pay attention to these gossip and chatter? Go your own way if you like to talk, and you won't be unhappy because the queen says so. And it doesn't make any sense, does it What is a queen? The queen is the palace master, and the mother instrument is the world. Where is it? You can just say you want to scrap it and kill it. Even if it is to be abolished or killed, it is the power of the emperor, not the power of the prime minister. What power does the prime minister have to abolish the queen and kill her? Besides, the queen is innocent. The queen relayed the emperor's words, and the emperor spoke ill of the prime minister, who came to help the emperor abolish the queen. This is unreasonable. Of course, some people say that this just proves that Cao Cao is a thief and Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty is extremely timid. Yes, yes, Cao Cao is monopolizing power, and the emperor is really timid, but you should know the situation at that time, and your face still needs to be maintained. Even if Cao Cao is hypocritical at this time, he should put on an act and not face the emperor so openly.
So Mr. Lu thinks there must be a truth behind this matter, that is, there is actually a big conspiracy behind it, in his words. The emperor and queen may have participated in this conspiracy, which is aimed at Cao Cao. How to deal with Cao Cao, then after this incident was exposed, Cao Cao's solution was to take it out on the queen and get rid of her. Because this plot is too big to be made public, this truth must not be made public, so I casually found a fault and said that the queen wrote such a letter. I doubt that the queen has written this letter. Cao Cao made it up, fabricated it, framed the queen and covered up the truth, but everyone knew it well and couldn't explain it, so the emperor couldn't save the queen, so he killed the queen in a muddle. Why did you make up this letter? Because Wan Fu is dead, the queen's father is dead, and the dead tell no tales. The queen is a weak woman, so such a weak woman has become a victim of political struggle and a scapegoat for some smelly men. Probably the truth should be like this.
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So it is impossible for Yu Xun to get involved in such a thing. How did Yu Xun get involved in such a thing? Because what kind of person is Yu Xun? Is a very decent person, and his decency and integrity are well known in the court. Therefore, it is impossible for such a decent person to get involved in this kind of intrigue, and Cao Cao will not look for him, because decent people are not good at intrigue, and Cao Cao has plenty of people under him. Why is he looking for Yu Xun? So it is impossible for Yu Xun to turn against Cao Cao because of this incident, so why did Yu Xun and Cao Cao get to that point?
* According to Mr. Yi Zhongtian's analysis, of the three statements about Yu Xun's death, the third one is extremely unreliable. Judging from Yu Xun's character and style, he can't do anything improper. So how did Yu Xun die? Which of the first two statements recorded in history books is true?
* Judging from Mr. Yi Zhongtian's previous analysis, Yu Xun's death was by no means suicide, because he refused to kill the negative queen. It must be something else. Yu Xun is the most important counselor in Cao Cao's camp. Cao Cao has always regarded Yu Xun as his "Sean", and Yu Xun has not failed to live up to Cao Cao's expectations, making suggestions for Cao Cao and doing his best. But then they really fell out, and Yu Xun finally died of depression. So why did Yu Xun betray Cao Cao? Why did two people who used to be like-minded come to this step?
I think it's political differences. People say that Yu Xun is the chief counselor of Cao Cao, just like Zhuge Liang's position in Liu Bei Group. In fact, this statement can be discussed. It's about this definition of counselor. Generally speaking, those counselors in history say that their professional ethics serve the master and the monarch. What does the monarch mainly do? He gives advice. This is a general psychological counselor. Just like lawyers now, what do lawyers do? Serve customers, customers will sue, and I will help you win. This is my professional ethics as a lawyer. As for who you are in this lawsuit, I don't care, so there are lawyers defending the underworld. There are also such lawyers. As a lawyer, as a profession is beyond reproach. It must be clear and blameless. Advisor, he gives advice to his monarch. The monarch makes suggestions whether he does good or bad, and his career is beyond reproach. But among counselors and lawyers, some people, very few people, have their own ideals, political ideals and moral bottom lines. Zhuge Liang is on Liu Bei's side, and Yu Xun is on Cao Cao's side. Both of them are above ordinary counselors and have ideals.
Let's look at the three programs put forward by Yu Xun to Cao Cao at that time: serving the Lord, upholding justice and supporting justice. What do these three programs emphasize? Everyone emphasizes the need to uphold morality, and everyone emphasizes this point. Therefore, Yu Xun's three programs are not strategy, strategy, ideal and program. In the final analysis, they are to maintain the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty. Yu Xun has high hopes for Cao Cao and thinks he has this ability. Cao Cao also had this ideal, because when Dong Zhuo rebelled, Cao Cao advocated the militia, and when the Kanto Allied Forces fought Dong Zhuo, only Cao Cao and Sun Jian fought Dong Zhuo. He is a hero in troubled times, patriotic and loving the people. Yu Xun's ideal is to help such heroes pacify the country again and let the Han Dynasty continue. This is Yu Xun's ideal.
However, Yu Xun doesn't think people will change. As Cao Cao's contribution grows, so does his power. As his power grows, so does his ambition. When he decided to seal Gong Weijian and Guo Wei, Yu Xun, who was extremely sensitive politically, immediately realized the seriousness of the problem. He thought that the relationship between Cao Cao and the emperor would change fundamentally at this time, because once he sealed Gong Wei, he would establish an independent principality. The relationship between this independent principality and the Han Dynasty will be a state-to-state relationship, not a central and local relationship, but a state-to-state relationship. Cao Cao and the emperor are duke-emperor relationships. Of course, there is also a subtle place here, that is, at this time, the Han Dynasty was the suzerain and Wei was the country granted by the suzerain, but it was very different from the relationship between counties and the central government. If this is not done well, it will change, because the Han dynasty is an empty shelf at this time, and there is nothing. Cao destroyed the Han Dynasty with no effort, so it is unacceptable.
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Under such unacceptable circumstances, he faced his own destiny and road choice. what should he do ？ But there is no choice. How is he? He now finds that Cao Cao is not the person he can count on. who is it? Who is Liu Bei? Even if Liu Bei is, can he go to Liu Bei? Can he still find Liu Bei at this time? I can't. Then continue to cooperate with Cao Cao, and help Cao Cao to go to the opposite side of his will. The more he helps Cao Cao, the better you are to yourself. He can't help Cao Cao now, and he can't betray Cao Cao, so I call it a dilemma, and there is only one dead end. Besides, we can imagine how painful Yu Xun's heart is at this time, because for a person with ideals like him, nothing in the world hurts him more than the disillusionment of his ideals, so whether he died of depression or committed suicide by taking poison, he must be very painful before he died. Even I suspect that he tried to kill himself. It is very likely that Cao Cao sent this empty box, because Cao Cao likes to do this kind of thing, so it is entirely possible to send a box to Yu Xun and open it to see that it is empty; But empty doesn't mean dead. It can also be understood as "Don't talk, shut your mouth". As long as you don't talk, there is still food. You can make many explanations, but if Yu Xun gets this box, he will choose to die immediately, and he will tell Cao Cao with his own death: I will never agree with you to do so! Is to show such an attitude.
Therefore, I think there may be another reason why Cao Cao refused to proclaim himself emperor at his deathbed, that is, he could not forget Yu Xun's melancholy eyes. Yu Xun's soul is watching him in heaven. This is the power of morality and justice. So I think if Yu Xun is a contemporary of ours, he might sing a song to Cao Cao before he died: "I looked for you thousands of miles away, but you didn't care." He really chased Cao Cao thousands of miles away. He came to Cao Cao in his twenties and worked until he was fifty. He and Cao Cao fought for more than twenty years, and went through a bumpy and tortuous road, but when they turned against each other in the end, their hearts were cruel enough. But Yu Xun had no choice, he had no other choice, and he couldn't find his comrades-in-arms, because those who advocated maintaining the Han Dynasty were anti-Cao Cao, both inside and outside the court. Almost all the people who supported Cao Cao were in favor of Cao Cao sealing Gong Wei and building Guo Wei, and even later advocated that he should be emperor. He belongs to Cao Cao's camp, has a very good relationship with Cao Cao, and is the only one who opposes Cao Cao's doing so. So his next song should be normal: "I seem destined to go alone in this life, and my enthusiasm has already been exhausted by you", although in my dream, Cao Cao was once his only one. But now Yu Xun can only ask himself over and over again: "What's so good about you? Where is the good news? " He can only ask again and again, what's good about you? Why should I follow you?
Of course, Yu Xun didn't ask. If he asked Cao Cao, Yu Xun wouldn't answer, because Cao Cao was in a dilemma like Yu Xun, and Cao Cao was more difficult to deal with than Yu Xun. Why? Because Yu Xun is a person, when his ideal is shattered, he can choose to commit suicide, for example. He can even choose to retire, and he can quit this political struggle. At this time, Cao Cao has represented a huge interest group. Even if he wants to retire, others will not allow him to retire, so Cao Cao has no way out. What's more, Cao Cao has possessed himself at this moment and sold his soul to the devil. What kind of devil is this? Unrestricted, unsupervised and unrestricted is the supreme power. In order to obtain and maintain Cao's supreme power, only crustily skin of head went to the black road. So Yu Xun chose to die, Cao Cao chose to kill, and he will continue to kill people, including his relatives and friends, until the blood becomes a river. Then who else will Cao Cao kill? How did he kill it? Please watch the next episode-killing someone with a knife.