1. Fill-in-the-blank questions (65438 0 points for each question, * * * 20 points)
1. Physical education and health courses are based on (physical education) It is a compulsory course with exercise as the main means and the main purpose of improving the health of primary and secondary school students.
2. The direct energy source for muscle work is ATP. ATP is stored in cells, most of which are muscle cells.
3. When changing from a row of lines to a row of lines, you must first report the number (1-2).
4. The factors that determine the distance of a throwing event are (speed), (power) and (angle).
5. The four technical links of long jump are (run-up), (take-off), (airborne) and (landing).
6. The standard basketball court is (28) meters long, (15) meters wide, the basketball court edge height (3.05), and the center court diameter (1.8) meters.
7. The volleyball court is (18) meters long and (9) meters wide. The offensive line is (3) meters away from the center line; the football penalty spot is (9.15) meters away from the goal.
8. The first Olympic Games was held in (1896), and the current president of the International Olympic Committee is (Rogge).
2. True or false questions (1 point for each question, * * * 10 points)
1. The distance in track and field should be the distance from the back edge of the starting line to the back edge of the finish line. . (√)
2. In a volleyball match, players in the back row are not allowed to participate in the offense. (×)
3. The events whose results are calculated based on time are called field events, and the events whose results are calculated based on long distance are called track events. (×)
4. The combination of physical exercise and moderate diet control is recognized as a safe, reliable and scientific way to lose weight. (√)
5. Endurance running is an effective means to improve students’ anaerobic metabolism. (×)
6. China resumed its membership of the International Olympic Committee in 1979. (√)
7. When a red card is received or two yellow cards are accumulated in a football match, the person who was punished should be sent off, but can still participate in the next game. (×)
8. Physical education and health courses are compulsory courses that use physical exercise as the main method and improve the health of primary and secondary school students as the main purpose. It is an important part of the school curriculum and an indispensable way to implement quality education and cultivate talents with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physical and aesthetics. (√)
9. When dribbling in basketball to change direction, your hand should hit the upper part of the ball. ( × )
10. Personal offensive tactics in football include: stopping the ball, running, dribbling, and shooting. (×)
3. Select questions (65438 0 points for each question, * * * 20 points)
1. The difference between walking and running is (D)
Run fast, walk slowly
b. The body's center of gravity fluctuates greatly when running, and smaller when walking.
c. Running is bigger and walking is smaller.
d. The body is empty when running, but not empty when walking.
2. In the swing action of parallel bar support, (B) should be used as the axis to swing.
a. Hands b. Shoulders c. Width d. Waist
3. There is a physical education teacher with bad conduct who often insults students when he is in a bad mood, which has a very bad influence. Kick students in the first class. According to the "Teacher Law of the People's Republic of China", (c)
a. Give administrative sanctions; B. Dismissal; C. Investigate criminal liability in accordance with the law; D. Bear civil liability.
4. Six players on the volleyball court stand in the front and back rows. For the team with the right to serve, 6 players must rotate one position in direction (b).
a, counterclockwise b, clockwise c, any
5. The full marathon is (b), which is an ultra-long-distance running event.
a, 41.195 kilometers b, 42.195 kilometers
c, 43.195 kilometers d, 44.195 kilometers
6. The main characteristics of the repeated training method are (C)
a. Continuous training B. Circuit training
C. Repeat the same exercises. Control the interval between exercises
7. The time when the "National Fitness Plan Outline" is issued is (b).
a, 1994b, 1995c, 1996d, 1997.
8. The Olympic spirit is (b)
a. Faster, higher, stronger B. Mutual understanding, friendship, unity, fair competition
c. Unity, friendship, progress D. The important thing is not winning, but participating.
9. One-handed shoulder shooting while moving is also called "three-step layup". It is a method used when receiving the ball while moving or making close shots after dribbling. The movement characteristics of "Three Steps" are (a)
One big, two small, three high
c, one, two, three fast D, one, two, Three fast.
10, in a match against the 13th football team. If a knockout system is adopted, (c) games will be needed to determine the champion.
a, 10 B, 11 C, 12 D, 13
11, the earliest physical education teaching method is (B)
a. German educator La Teke B. Czech educator Comenius
D. Swedish physical education teacher w? American educator Dewey
12. The most reasonable high jumping technique is (C)
a, scissors B, straddle C, back cross D, prone position
13. The approach method used in the back-over high jump is (C).
a. Straight line B, arc C, straight line plus arc D, arc plus straight line
14. In order to facilitate memory, the 8-step measurement method for high jump can be called (B).
a, 4, 5, 6 B, 5, 6, 7 C, 6, 7, 8 D, 4, 6, 8
15. What is the work done by muscles when the human body moves? The direct energy source is ATP, and its final energy supply form is: (B)
a. Energy supply by aerobic oxidation and anaerobic oxidation b. Energy supply by phosphoric acid and lactic acid c. Energy supply by sugar
16. The founders of the modern Olympic Games are: (b)
a. Vicaras B. Coubertin C. Samaranch
17. In a basketball game, the referee determined that player No. 5 stepped on the finish line and threw a foul ball: (b)
a, violation of B, not violation of C, stood on the line again and took a foul ball.
18. The difficulty of the horizontal bar support loop movement is: (a)
a. Press the arm and abdomen with the reverse shoulder and press the bar. B. Press the arm with the abdominal part with the reverse shoulder and release the bar. C. Press the shoulder with the reverse. Raise your arms to support
19. Athletes should: (c) After spraining the ankle joint during exercise.
a. Immediate hot compress and massage B. Immediate cold compress and massage C. Immediate cold compress and hot compress after 24 hours.
20. The evaluation indicators of the "National Student Physical Health Standards" are: (b)
a. Psychological, physiological, quality B, form, function, quality C, height, weight , vital capacity
IV. Short answer questions (30)
1. Please arrange the game schedule for each round of the five-team basketball single round-robin tournament. (10 points)
Answer:
0——5 0——4 0——3 0——2 0——1
1—— 4 5——3 4——2 3——1 2——5
2——3 1——2 5——1 4——5 3——4
2. List six training methods and means for developing speed quality? (10)
Answer: leg running, back kick running, wheel running, 30-meter running, downwind running, long-distance running, acceleration running.
3. What are the contraction forms of skeletal muscles? (10 points)
Answer: Isometric contraction is the concentric contraction, and isokinetic contraction is the eccentric contraction.
Essay question (20 points)
What are the similarities and differences between fast twitch muscles and slow twitch muscles?
Fast and slow
Muscle fibers vary in diameter from thick to thin.
Is the sarcoplasmic reticulum developed or not?
The capillary network is relatively small and not abundant.
The particles are few, small and large.
Fast and slow conduction velocity
How many muscle fibers are there?
Motor neurons are getting smaller.
Aerobic metabolism is weak but strong
1. Why do teachers change from disseminators of knowledge to facilitators of student learning in new curriculum teaching?
(1) Actively watch; (2) Provide students with psychological support; ③ Cultivate students' self-discipline ability.
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2. Teaching research is an effective way to improve and achieve teachers. As a teacher, how do you understand the role of teaching and research in the implementation of the new curriculum?
① Bridges and passages; 2 major stages; 3 major classrooms; 4 major platforms; (5) entry point.
3. What is lactic acid energy?
If the human body continues to exercise at the fastest speed for a few seconds, muscle glycogen from the ATP depletion era will be supplied with energy under anaerobic conditions, synthesize ATP, and produce the metabolite lactic acid.
4. What is the basic concept of physical education curriculum reform?
① Discuss the competitive sports teaching model and firmly establish the guiding ideology of "health first";
(2) Pay attention to the functional development of physical education courses and enhance their comprehensiveness;
③ Cultivate students’ interest in sports and establish the concept of lifelong sports;
④ Cultivate students’ will and quality and improve their social adaptability;
⑤ People-oriented, pay attention to students
⑥ Pay attention to individual differences and different needs to ensure that every student benefits;
⑦ Reform physical education examination and evaluation methods to comprehensively evaluate students’ physical education learning.
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5. What are the eight main aspects of physical education teaching principles in recent years?
The principle of comprehensive physical and mental development, the principle of combining teacher leadership with student agency, the principle of intuition, the principle of step-by-step progress, the principle of consolidation and improvement, the principle of proceeding from reality, the principle of rationally arranging exercise load, and the principle of comprehensive innovation.
6. What is the basic concept of physical education and health curriculum standards? (8 points)
Answer: 1) Adhere to the guiding ideology of “health first” and promote the healthy development of students.
2) Stimulate interest in sports and cultivate students’ lifelong sports awareness.
3) Pay attention to student development and value students’ dominant position.
4) Pay attention to individual differences and different needs to ensure that every student benefits.
7. What principles should be followed during physical exercise? (10 points)
A: 1) The principle of step-by-step; 2) The principle of comprehensive exercise; 3) The principle of regular exercise; 4) The principle of differentiated treatment;
5) Prepare and Principles for organizing activities.
8. Briefly describe the impact of sports on the sports system?
A: 1) The impact of physical exercise on bone structure and function; 2) Physical exercise can enhance the flexibility and stability of joints;
3) The impact of physical exercise on muscle structure and function influence of form.
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9. In what aspects should school sports lay a solid foundation for lifelong sports?
A: 1) Lay a good physical foundation; 2) Master sports knowledge and skills, and learn to learn, exercise and evaluate independently;
3) Cultivate sports interests, hobbies and exercise habits; 4) Develop exercise self-awareness.
10. What is the essence of physical education courses?
Answer: It is a compulsory course that takes physical exercise as the main means and improves health as the main purpose. It is an important part of the school curriculum system and an indispensable main way for quality education and cultivating talents with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physical and aesthetics.
11. Adolescence is the best period for the development of speed and quality. Briefly describe the training methods to improve fast running ability.
a: Various starting runs, trot running, leg raising running, reverse kicking running, acceleration running, relay running, etc.
12. Briefly describe the function of endurance running.
Answer: ① Develop endurance quality and improve cardiopulmonary function; ② Promote the normal development of body shape; ③ Cultivate an enterprising spirit to overcome difficulties and work hard.
13. What is the key point of cheating? Please draw a simple drawing to describe the action process.
Answer: Action essentials: Accelerate the run-up, take off quickly, tighten the waist after taking off, bend the hips slightly, actively extend the arms forward, push the far end of the equipment with both hands, and actively move the legs forward from left to right Swing, brake immediately after your feet pass the equipment, raise your arms diagonally, and land upright.
What is a sports injury? Name two of them.
Injuries to skin, muscles and bones caused by external forces are called trauma.
Trauma includes abrasions, contusions, muscle injuries, joint and ligament sprains, dislocations, fractures, etc. Answer only two of them.
15. Who completed the comprehensive physical fitness test evaluation of middle school students? What aspects are included?
Answer: It is completed by the school doctor and physical education teacher.
(1) Morphology and function: height, weight, chest circumference (2) Functional indicators: vital capacity, venous pulse (3) Physical fitness and athletic ability indicators: speed, endurance, agility, strength and flexibility.
16. What are the purposes and tasks of physical education teaching in middle schools?
The purpose is to enhance students' physical fitness, promote physical and mental development, and enable students to develop in an all-round way and become builders and defenders of the motherland.
(1) Comprehensive physical training of students (2) Master the basic knowledge, skills and techniques of physical education (3) Provide ideological and moral education to students.
17. Briefly describe the essentials of forward rollover.
Squat deeply on the ground, place your hands on the ground, bend your arms, lower your head, kick your feet, and at the same time raise your buttocks and contract your abdomen. When rolling forward, the back of the head, shoulders, and buttocks touch the ground in sequence, and then support the calves to form a squat.
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18. Briefly describe the general principles of primary school physical education.
The principle of socialist direction; the principle of self-awareness and enthusiasm; the principle of intuition; the principle of systematicity; the principle of consolidation and improvement; teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.
19. How to carry out ideological and moral education in physical education?
Ideological education lies in strict organization of teaching; ideological and moral education based on the characteristics of teaching materials; giving full play to the role of the collective in ideological and moral education; and grasping examples to carry out ideological and moral education.
20. What are the requirements for the selection of teaching content in the new curriculum standards?
(1) In line with students’ physical and mental development, age and gender characteristics; (2) Vivid and lively exercise forms can stimulate learning; (3) Healthy, erudite and scientific; ④ Effective in enhancing physical fitness and improving health; ⑤Simple and easy to implement.
21. How to prevent sports injuries during sports activities?
(1) Clarify the essentials of each activity. (2) Strengthen organizational discipline. ③Strengthen sports hygiene supervision. ④ Pay attention to protection and assistance during sports activities. ⑤Prepare and organize activities. ⑥ Pay attention to the environment and conditions of exercise.
⑦Wear light clothes during physical education classes and don’t wear anything that can easily cause injury.
22. What are the main nutrients in people’s food? Tell me their main function in the human body?
Protein, fat, carbohydrates (sugar), minerals (inorganic salts), vitamins, fiber and water. Protein, fat, minerals and water are the main components of the human body. Carbohydrates are the main energy source of the human body. Vitamins and cellulose are indispensable substances in the human metabolism process.
23. Talk about the changes in the role of teachers after the implementation of the new curriculum standards?
(1) Changes in knowledge and skills (from re-teaching to re-development; from unified education to differentiated education; from "teaching" to "learning"; from focusing on results to focusing on process etc. );
(2) Teachers become facilitators of student learning (the status and role of teachers in teaching, changes in teacher-student relationships; guiding students to form good learning habits and master learning strategies, Provide psychological support to students; pay attention to cultivating self-discipline ability, etc.
);
(3) Teachers become researchers’ participants (teachers are no longer mechanical executors, judges and authorities, but good partners for students’ learning, helping to find the starting point of research and collect and analyze data, formulate action strategies, implement and test actions, etc.); wait.
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24. Briefly describe the test method of seated forward flexion (10 points)
The subject sat on the flat ground with his legs straight, Place both feet flat on the test longitudinal board. Their feet are approximately 65,438 00-65,438 05 centimeters apart. They bend their upper body forward, stretch their arms forward, and use the fingertips of both hands to gradually push the cursor forward until they can no longer push forward. The inner edge plane of the tester's pedal longitudinal plate is the 0 point, which is negative when inward and positive when forward. The recording unit is centimeters, rounded to one decimal place. Test twice for best results.
25. In classroom teaching, how to implement the social adaptation goals determined in the curriculum standards? (8 points)
Answer: ① Establish harmonious interpersonal relationships and have a good spirit of cooperation and sports ethics; ② Learn how to acquire sports and health knowledge in modern society. (4 points) ③ Effective implementation (4 points)
26. Briefly describe the evaluation criteria that support the quality of excellent movements in jump teaching evaluation. (8 points)
Answer: ① Run-up: easy, natural, coordinated, powerful, and fast; ② Take-off: fast, powerful, high flying; ③ Boxing action: straight knees, wide legs, hip extension, Obvious braking and upper body stand up, fully exposed, graceful posture; ④ Landing: stable.
27. What is the "extreme" phenomenon?
Answer: During long-distance running, self-perception phenomena such as muscle soreness, chest tightness, difficulty breathing, uncoordinated movements, slowed running speed, and wanting to stop exercise occur because the coordination of the activities of various organs of the body is affected. destroy. This phenomenon is called the "pole" phenomenon.
Examination-
28. How to overcome the "extreme" phenomenon?
Answer: When the extreme occurs, athletes are required to have the determination to overcome difficulties and to persist in running tenaciously. At the same time, they need to adjust their running speed, pay attention to their breathing methods, and allow the body's internal organs to gradually adapt and quickly overcome the "extreme".
29. What are the test items for student sports and health standards?
Answer: 1. Height 2, weight 3, vital capacity 4, standing long jump (50m) 5, step test (1000m male) (800m female); 6. Grip strength, seated body flexion (male) choose one ; Sit-ups, leaning forward while sitting, grip strength (female).
30. Briefly describe the classroom routine of physical education class.
Answer: 1. Wear clothes and shoes that are comfortable for movement before class and dispose of items that may hinder movement.
2. Arrive at the class location in advance, actively cooperate with the teacher to prepare class equipment, return the equipment after class, and develop a good habit of caring for the venue and equipment.
3. Those who are unable to attend class due to illness should ask for leave or internship as required.
4. Gather quickly, quietly and neatly and stand in a row.
5. Listen carefully in class, observe carefully, use your brain, practice hard, overcome difficulties, and work hard to complete learning tasks.
6. Help each other, learn from each other, care about classmates, and be united and friendly.
7. Obey orders, observe discipline, and pay attention to safety.
8. Complete your homework carefully and insist on regular exercise.
31. How to make students become the masters of classroom learning?
Answer: ① Changes in teachers’ teaching concepts. ②Teachers play a leading role and students are the main body of learning. ③Teachers’ “teaching” serves students’ “learning”.
32. Write the names of combined movements of boys and girls’ skills and the essentials of forward roll in the teacher’s book for grade 5-6 primary schools.
Answer: Boys: Back roll and flip circle - jump and turn 180 degrees into a deep squat - forward roll and low obstacle into a leg sitting - shoulder and elbow handstand.
Girls: Roll forward and stand up - one leg slides forward into a vertical cross - the back leg is forward, sit with legs together - stand on shoulders and elbows.
Essentials of forward roll: Squat down for support, lift your heels, support the pads with both hands, bend your arms and lower your head at the same time, move your body's center of gravity forward, then press your feet on the ground, lift your hips and retract your abdomen, so that the back of your head and neck , shoulders, back, waist, and hips roll forward in sequence with the pad. As you roll to the back with the pads on, quickly bend your legs and support your calves with your hands, forming a supported squat.
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33. What nutrients are beneficial to human growth and development? And tell us the main functions of the three nutrients in the human body?
Answer: 1) Protein is the basis of life and a substance for the growth, composition and repair of human tissue. 2) Fat is the main source of heat energy in the human body. 3) Sugar provides heat energy. 4) Vitamins are essential organic compounds for the human body and are indispensable elements for maintaining life. They are mainly involved in various metabolic processes. 5) Inorganic salts are constituent elements of the human body, tissues and cells. They can maintain the acid-base balance in the body and regulate and maintain body functions. 6) Water is the solvent for nutrition and metabolism.
34. List six ways to develop jumping ability and write down the action process of rapid long jump.
Answer: Rope skipping, standing long jump, single-leg jumping game, double-leg jumping game, high-touch jump, coordination jump, etc.
Run-up-jump-flight-landing
35. What aspects should generally be included in writing a sports scientific research paper (experimental report)?
(1) Title of the paper; (2) Abstract and keywords; (3) Question or preface;
④Experimental content, methods, data collection and statistics; ⑤Data Analysis and demonstration;
⑥Conclusions and suggestions;⑦References.
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36. The school holds sports meets with track and field as the main event every year, and now also compiles a sports meet schedule. Please briefly describe the main contents of the school track and field sports meeting schedule.
1) Cover; 2) Contents; 3) Competition rules; 4) Opening and closing procedures; 5) List of organizing committee and its staff; 6) List of arbitration committee; 7) List of recommenders; 8) Statistics of the number of participants in each unit; 9) Statistics of the number of participants; 10) Statistics of the number of participants; 11) Meeting schedule; 12) Team list; 13) Competition schedule; 14) Competition grouping table; 15) Highest records for men and women; 16 ) site plan.
37. Briefly describe the relationship between school physical education and health education.
Answer: Health is not only the absence of disease or weakness, but also a general term for physical and mental health and good social adaptability. The main goal of school physical education is to improve students' health and fitness through physical activities. Therefore, school physical education and health education are consistent in improving students' health.
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38. The basic way to achieve the sports goals of schools in my country.
Answer: According to the "School Sports Regulations", school sports refers to the teaching of physical education, extracurricular sports activities, extracurricular sports training and sports competitions. It is the basic way to achieve the goals of school sports in our country. Also known as physical education and extracurricular sports.
(1) Physical education class. Physical education class is the basic organizational form of school physical education. It is a compulsory course based on the teaching plan formulated by the Ministry of Education and is a systematic physical education process for students.
(2) Extracurricular sports activities. Extracurricular sports activities are an important organizational form to achieve the sports goals of schools in my country. They include morning exercises, recess exercises, extracurricular sports training and sports competitions, as well as various forms of sports activities, such as hiking, outings, summer (winter) camps, etc.
39. Briefly describe the general rules of the physical education teaching process.
Answer: The basic rules of the physical education teaching process can be divided into general teaching rules and special teaching rules.
(1) General laws of the physical education teaching process
The general laws of the physical education teaching process refer to the general laws that physical education teaching has like other subjects.
1) Socially restrictive laws. 2) Know the law. 3) The rules of students’ physical and mental development. 4) The law of dialectical unity of teaching and learning. 5) The law of unity of education, upbringing and development. 6) The law of unification of teaching content and teaching process. 7) The teaching effect depends on the resultant law of basic teaching elements. 8) Control and feedback rules of the physical education teaching process.
(2) The special laws of the physical education teaching process
The special laws of the physical education teaching process refer to the unique laws of the physical education teaching process.
l) The rules for the formation of motor skills. 2) The law of adaptability of human body functions. 3) The changing rules of human physiological functions and activity capabilities.
40. Briefly describe the significance of extracurricular physical exercise.
Answer: Extracurricular sports activities are an important part of school sports. They complement physical education and sports training and jointly complete the goals and tasks of school physical education. Extracurricular physical exercise is the use of various physical exercise methods in spare time, combined with natural forces and health measures, to carry out regular and comprehensive physical exercise to achieve the purpose of enhancing students' physical fitness, cultivating exercise habits, regulating their spirits, and enriching their extracurricular life. Promote the all-round development of students.
(a) Helps cultivate sports interests and habits; (2) Helps form a lifelong sports foundation; helps learning
41, the selection of teaching content for physical education and health courses Principles
Answer: 1) Principle of unity with teaching objectives; 2) Scientific principles (fitness, safety); 3) Feasibility principle; 4) Interest principle; 5) Integration with social sports and regional sports characteristics principles of combination.
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42. A school will hold a grade basketball game. There are 8 classes in total (replace class names with 8 letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H). The competition adopts a single round-robin method, with draws for categories A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H respectively. (10 points)
First round, second round, third round, fourth round, fifth round, sixth round and seventh round
A——H A—— —G A——F A——E A——D A——C A——B
B——G H——F G——E F——D E——C D——B C——H
C——F B——E H——D G
D——E C——D B——C H——B G——H F——G E——F
43 .Briefly describe the essentials of running in a straight line in roller skating?
a: Sliding posture, kicking technique, free skating technique and straight arm swinging technique.
44. What are the technical essentials of table tennis attack and racket?
Answer: Take the right-hand grip as an example. The feet are slightly wider than shoulders, the knees are slightly bent, the left foot is slightly forward, the body is slightly turned to the right, and the center of gravity is on the right foot. The forearm is driven by the body to swing the racket horizontally, the tennis racket is moderate, and the angle between the body and the arm is about 35 to 40 degrees; the forearm is naturally bent, and the elbow joint is about 120 degrees. The racket is perpendicular to the table or slightly tilted forward, the wrist is naturally relaxed, and the racket is semi-level. What are the conditions for the ball to return to the backfield?
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45. What are the level goals for first-level students in the field of physical health?
Answer: (1) Pay attention to correct body posture; (2) Develop flexibility, responsiveness, sensitivity and coordination; (3) Know the names of the main parts of the body and the changes in your own body.
46. What are the six aspects of physical education curriculum resource development?
Answer: (1) Human resource development; (2) Development of sports facilities resources; (3) Development of curriculum content resources; (4) Development of extracurricular and extracurricular sports resources; (5) Physical geography Development of curriculum resources; (6) Development of sports information resources.
47. What are the curriculum objectives of the sports and health course?
Answer: (1) Enhance physical fitness, master and apply basic sports health knowledge and sports skills; (2) Cultivate interest and hobbies in sports, and develop the habit of persisting in exercise; (3) Have a good mentality (4) Improve the sense of responsibility for personal health and group health, and form a healthy lifestyle; (5) Carry forward the spirit of sports and form a positive, optimistic and cheerful attitude towards life.
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48. How to write lesson plans under the new curriculum standards?
First, the writing requires accuracy and specificity. We must fully consider objects, behaviors, conditions, and standards. Second, focus on cultivating a sense of cooperation. Third, give full play to students’ subjectivity.
Fourth, use the form of competition to cultivate a healthy mentality among students. Fifth, prepare lessons carefully and strengthen study guidance.
49. The meaning of gymnastics and its included items.
Gymnastics is a physical exercise performed with bare hands or equipment.
"Gymnastics" is a general term for all gymnastics events, not a specific name. According to the purpose and tasks, gymnastics can be divided into basic gymnastics and competitive gymnastics. Basic gymnastics refers to a type of gymnastics with simple movements and techniques. Its main purpose and task is to strengthen the body and cultivate good posture. Its main target is the broad masses of the people. The most common ones are broadcast gymnastics and fitness gymnastics to prevent and treat various occupational diseases. As can be seen from the literal meaning, competitive gymnastics refers to a type of gymnastics whose main purpose is to win on the field, achieve excellent results, and compete for medals. This kind of gymnastics is difficult, complex and thrilling. It is mainly athletes who engage in this kind of gymnastics training. At present, competitive gymnastics includes five items: competitive gymnastics, artistic gymnastics, aerobics, acrobatics, and trampoline. Among them, the men's competitive gymnastics events include floor exercise, pommel horse, rings, vault, parallel bars and horizontal bars, and the women's events include vault, uneven bars, balance beam and floor exercise. Because competitive gymnastics has the longest history and can be said to be the “big brother” of competitive gymnastics, people now usually call it “competitive gymnastics”.
50. Briefly describe some requirements for the arrangement of venue equipment in the teaching of physical education and health courses.
Answer: 1) The layout and use of venue equipment must be reasonable, and movable equipment should be as close as possible to fixed equipment;
2) The layout of equipment must comply with the requirements for exercise health and safety. Check carefully to prevent injury accidents;
3) The arrangement of venue equipment should be conducive to mobilizing practice rotation teams, increasing practice density and appropriate physiological load;
4) The layout of the venue and equipment facilitates teachers to control classes and tutor students.
51. Issues that should be paid attention to in the evaluation of physical education and health courses
Answer: 1) When formulating the content, standard methods and forms of evaluation, the age and gender of the students should be considered It is focused and differentiated from the characteristics of the learning period, focusing on the learning goals achieved by students. 2) Based on the degree of differences between students and the characteristics of the subject, the students' learning process must be considered when making the final evaluation. 3) In the process of students' learning, teachers know all aspects of students very well, and objective evaluation must be based on subjective evaluation. 4) Due to the different learning experiences and abilities of students, the time required to achieve learning goals is also different. Course learning evaluation is not only the evaluation of learning ability and learning level, but also the selection of elites. Therefore, students may be allowed to elect and defer exams. 5) When evaluating students’ learning, the method should be simple, convenient, and easy to operate.
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52. Attention should be paid to the development and utilization of physical education and health course resources.
Answer: 1) Pay attention to the selection of course content. It should conform to the age characteristics of students, satisfy students' interests and hobbies, and have the characteristics of adapting measures to local conditions. 2) Pay attention to updating concepts and design courses according to the overall health concept of "physical, mental and social adaptation". The content and methods of activities should help students achieve the goals of sports health courses. 3) It is an important task in curriculum construction, and attention should be paid to combining it with the actual situation of the local area and our school. 4) Integrate development and utilization into physical education teaching and research.
5) The education administrative department should strengthen the management supervision and guidance of development and utilization as an important part of evaluating school curriculum construction. 6) The education administration department shall conduct special training on teachers’ development and utilization abilities and curriculum design abilities, and incorporate them into academic education and post-academic education plans. 7) Schools in various places should constantly summarize experiences and promote them.
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It has a practice method that combines internal and external, body and soul.
Wide adaptability.
Functions: 1. Enhance physical self-defense: 2. Exercise will and cultivate moral sentiments.
3. Watch competitive games to enrich cultural life. 4. Exchange skills and enhance friendship.
94.What is exercise? What are the characteristics of exercise methods?
Exercise means: a general term for various activities and methods that people take to strengthen their bodies, prevent and treat diseases, enjoy their physical and mental pleasure, and improve their sports skills.
Characteristics: historical, international, national, regional;
95. Characteristics of minority sports.
Popular, seasonal, entertaining, diverse, practical, fitness, integration, ornamental and permanent.
96. The relationship between sports and education
1) Sports is an important part of education 2) Sports is the premise and foundation of all education.
3) The constraints and impact of education on sports