A lawyer refers to a person who is entrusted or designated to provide legal services such as litigation representation or defense business to the parties. Lawyers must pass the legal professional qualification examination and obtain a lawyer's practicing certificate in accordance with the law before they can practice law. According to the nature of work, lawyers can be divided into full-time lawyers and part-time lawyers; according to the scope of business, lawyers can be divided into civil lawyers, criminal lawyers and administrative lawyers.
Based on client and work status, lawyers can be divided into social lawyers, corporate lawyers and public lawyers. Lawyer business is mainly divided into litigation business and non-litigation business. On August 20, 2021, the 30th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress passed the "Legal Aid Law of the People's Republic of China", and all grassroots legal services are obliged to provide legal aid in accordance with the law.
As far as the qualifications for "lawyers" are concerned, they include: First, they must have certain legal knowledge. According to the current provisions of the Lawyers Law, they must have "a bachelor's degree or above in law from a college or university" or "a college degree or above" "Bachelor degree or above in other majors" legal knowledge; second, pass the national "Legal Professional Qualification Examination" and obtain qualifications; third, obtain a practicing certificate with the approval of the national judicial administrative department; fourth, provide legal services to the society and use this as a basis Profession.
Therefore, a lawyer refers to a practitioner who has passed the national legal professional qualification examination, obtained a lawyer's practicing certificate in accordance with the law, accepts entrustment or designation, and provides legal services to parties. The nature of lawyers is to provide legal services to the society and they are professional legal service workers. Among the above four basic characteristics, the first one or two are possessed by other legal workers, such as law enforcement workers, judicial trial workers (judges), and judicial prosecutors (prosecutors); the latter two are unique to lawyers. some.
The Chinese Bar Qualification Examination began in 1986. The China Bar Qualification Examination selects a large number of legal professionals for China's legal profession, many of whom have become the backbone of the legal profession. In practice, they strive to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and the correct implementation of the law, and have made due contributions to the construction of our country's democratic and legal system.
Since 2002, the internal professional qualification examination has been divided into two types: prosecutor examination and judge examination, collectively known as the National Unified Judicial Examination. The main contents of the examination include: theoretical law, applied law, current legal regulations, legal practice and legal professional ethics. The National Judicial Examination implements unified nationwide testing and grading, and the results are announced by the National Judicial Examination Office of the Ministry of Justice. National Judicial Examination results are valid once. Those who pass the national judicial examination will be issued a legal professional qualification certificate by the Ministry of Justice.