The only divorced emperor in ancient China.

Puyi was the 12 monarch of the Qing Dynasty, the 10 emperor after entering the customs, and the last emperor of China. Xuan Tong, also known as Xun Qing, was known as "Emperor Qing Fei" in history. The word "Haoran" comes from Mencius' meaning of "I am good at nurturing my noble spirit". The eldest grandson and grandmother of Yi Xuan (the seventh son of Daoguang Emperor and the younger brother of Xianfeng Emperor) are Liu Jia, the eldest son of Prince Alcohol (the second generation), and Guaerjia Youlan, the mother of Rong Lu. Guangxu (Puyi's uncle) succeeded to the throne after his death and was the last puppet emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Later, the Japanese Empire supported the establishment of a puppet Manchukuo as emperor, but it was actually only a puppet of the Japanese and a tool for invading China. He was sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment 15 years after the Anti-Japanese War. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), People's Republic of China (PRC) was released and turned into a new citizen. His works, such as My First Half Life, are important historical materials. He died of kidney cancer at the age of 62. After cremation, the ashes were placed in the side room of Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing. At that time, Premier Zhou Enlai instructed them to be placed in the main tomb and then buried in Hualong Royal Cemetery. Aisin Jiro, the last emperor of Wen embroidery in Qing Dynasty? 6? 1 Shu Fei of Puyi is the daughter of Duan Gong, a Manchu Erd. It is well known to the world because of the "Emperor's Divorce Case" that sensationalized the whole country. 192 1 In the spring of, Pu Yi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty who lived in Beijing Palace and guarded the Qing Emperor, 16 years old. Jing Yi, Rong Hui and Duan Kang, the concubines in the palace, the old princes and ministers, and Zai Feng, Puyi's biological father, decided to choose a queen for Puyi, the little emperor of Xun Qing Dynasty, and hold a grand wedding. Fu's fifth uncle missed this opportunity, but he fantasized that the declining Erd family would take the opportunity to shine, so he made his own decisions, and then copied Fu's photos, followed by Erd Wen Xiu's name, accompanied by many photos of girls to be chosen as empresses, and sent them to the Qing court office, waiting for the emperor to choose. After many disputes between the imperial concubine and the imperial clan, the photos were finally read and approved by Emperor Puyi himself in March 1922. I never thought that 17-year-old Guo Buluo Wanrong was chosen as the queen, and 14-year-old Erd Te Wen Xiu was chosen as the imperial concubine. After Wenxiu was chosen as the imperial concubine, Puyi, who had never met before, immediately issued a letter to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, demanding that Jiang, Wenxiu's mother, be given a set of rosewood furniture as a new residence in a big yard along Hainan Island behind Di 'anmen in Beijing, which immediately changed Jiang's life. Wenxiu, who has only studied for five years, has stopped going to school, and Fu's scientific name is no longer allowed to be used. At home all day, Wu Shuhua Kan is responsible for teaching the gifts of the monarch and his subjects, or the complicated rules and regulations in the palace, while Wen Xiu should be familiar with her daughter's classics. 1922165438+1On October 30th, Wen Xiu was married by Puyi in a grand wedding, and the palace called her Shu Fei. Wen Xiu first met Puyi in hall of mental cultivation, the Forbidden City. After three visits and nine knocks, Puyi said coldly, "Go down and have a rest!" On the wedding night, Puyi didn't live in Shu Fei's new house. The next day, Puyi married Wanrong again, but she didn't share a room with the queen. She is single and sleeps alone in Yangxin Hall. Wenxiu's entry into the palace as a noble lady is the beginning of her sad life. She can't enjoy the pleasure of being a high-ranked imperial concubine, but also suffers from the coldness, jealousy and bullying of the queen of the main palace. Wanrong thinks that her appearance is more beautiful than that of Wen embroidery, and she often pretends to be arrogant and coquettish to Puyi with the pride of an official's family, striving for favor and winning love, and overwhelming Wen embroidery everywhere. Wanrong always advocated monogamy and opposed concubinage, so she always despised Shu Fei's literary embroidery. Wenxiu can only live alone in Changchun Palace, frowning at a lonely lamp, or even eating alone. Later, thanks to Puyi's kindness, I invited a female teacher Ling Wenruo to teach English for Wenxiu. Wenxiu studied hard, made rapid progress and broadened her mind. Then she began to love literature and even took quiet reading as fun. Literary books became her close companions in the cold palace. However, the days of striving for progress by reading are also very short. 1924165438+1October 5th, Wen Xiu, who had been a concubine in the palace for less than two years, caught up with Feng Yuxiang's "forced palace incident". Lu Feng, the commander-in-chief of Beijing Police, led Zhang Bi, the police chief, into the palace, forcing Puyi, his empresses and the people in the palace to move out of the palace immediately and live in Chunwangfu. Later, after many negotiations, with the tolerance of Lu, after Puyi left the palace, he was chartered to take 6,333 Jin of big silver from the palace and transport it to the salt bank to exchange it for silver coins as the living expenses of Puyi's family. Wanrong and Wenxiu, as well as the daily necessities and clothes worn by concubines on Peace Day, are also allowed to be taken out of the palace. When transporting these objects, the palace people deliberately took a large number of gold and silver jewelry, dry porcelain, precious paintings and calligraphy, hand scrolls and unparalleled antiques out of the palace and temporarily stored them in the alcohol palace. The departure of the Puyi family from the palace marked the natural abolition of titles such as emperor, queen and imperial concubine, such as ordinary people. Puyi should think more about her future, and Wenxiu also wants to make suggestions for her husband Puyi on the basis of her knowledge as an "equal" to change the dilemma of relying on others. However, more than 20 days later, the Puyi family caught up with the Feng warlord Zhang, led the troops to Beijing, and drove Feng Yuxiang away. Puyi not only solved his hatred for Feng, but also acted freely. In the early days of Zhang's rule, Zheng Zeng, a scholar of Hanlin who was born in Fujian before the Qing Dynasty and a politician who used to be an official in Hunan, secretly offered a plan to Puyi: "If you want to restore the career of the Qing emperor, you must rely on Japan as foreign aid." Knowing this, Wen Xiu advised Puyi, "The Japanese are extremely cruel. During the Sino-Japanese War, countless Japanese were slaughtered. Never listen to Zheng Hu's nonsense and lead the wolf into the room, otherwise the consequences will be extremely tragic. " However, Pu Yi, who was restored crazily, didn't listen to Wen Xiu's advice at all. On the contrary,1October 29th, 1924, 165438 secretly entered the Japanese embassy in Beijing under Zheng's single-handedly planning. Puyi's family was frightened, thinking that Puyi was hijacked by bad people and "disappeared". A few days later, Puyi wrote to Wanrong and Wen Xiu, asking them to go to the Japanese legation to reunite with him. In order to know whether Puyi was all right, Wenxiu hurried to the embassy. Japanese Minister Kenji Yoshizawa cleaned up a two-story building where he lived and let Puyi live with his family and entourage. Wenxiu and Wanrong were personally received by the minister's wife, Yoshiko Fang Ze. The Japanese government promised Puyi to be responsible for protecting the safety of Puyi and his party, so Puyi set up a working group of pro-Japanese elements such as Zheng, Luo Zhenyu and Shang in the Japanese Embassy in China, and actively planned to realize the dream of restoration and re-accession to the throne with the help of Japanese external forces. 1February 24, 925, is an auspicious day on the second day of the second lunar month. Under the collusion of Luo Zhenyu and Kenji Yoshizawa, the Puyi family left the Japanese Embassy in Beijing, moved to Miyajima Street in the Japanese Concession in Tianjin, stayed in Bird, the former villa in Zhang Biao, and later moved to Jingyuan in Xie Changli in the Japanese Concession. No matter how she changed her residence, Puyi always listened to Zheng's ghost idea, and frequently contacted the Japanese consul in Tianjin or the Japanese commander in China, fantasizing about relying on the Japanese army to revive the Qing Dynasty. In the face of Puyi's danger and wrong behavior, Wen Xiu repeatedly suggested to Puyi: Japan cannot be trusted, and the nonsense of Zheng and others can't be heard, so we should pull back from the brink. Puyi didn't listen to Wen Xiu's good advice. Instead, she disliked Wen Xiu and gave a cold response. He is with Wanrong every day, and only takes Wanrong when he goes out on the street. Even when eating everyday, he doesn't eat at the same table as Wen Xiu. When receiving guests, Puyi only needs elegant companionship, and there is no Wen Xiu in the rewards given on holidays. It can be seen that Puyi is determined to put Wen Xiu aside. At the same time, Wen Xiu suffered unreasonable insults and humiliations from time to time because of graceful looking for opportunities. Eunuchs or some handmaids saw that Wenxiu fell out of favor in front of Puyi, and they also discriminated against or abused them from time to time. Wenxiu often lived in Lacrimosa, and the royal family in Tianjin Jingyuan could no longer tolerate Wenxiu, so she began to try to stand up and leave. Divorce by agreement with Puyi Just when Wenxiu couldn't live in Tianjin Jingyuan, a woman named Yu Fen came to Wenxiu's side. Yu Fen, the daughter of Li Wenxiu's distant cousin yu zhang, belongs to the younger generation of Li Wenxiu, but in terms of age, she is several years older than Li Wenxiu. She is beautiful in appearance, but unhappy in marriage. Her husband Feng Shushan is the grandson of former President Feng of the Republic of China. Unfortunately, Feng Shushan's bad habits are hard to change. He eats, drinks and has a bad relationship with Yu Fen. Yu Fen also gained knowledge and gradually became sophisticated, especially having unique views on divorce and safeguarding women's rights. When Yu Fen learned that Wenxiu's marriage was unfortunate and tragic, she immediately said frankly to Wenxiu: "Today is the era of the Republic of China. Legally speaking, men and women are equal. Puyi has long been expelled from the palace. He is a civilian, not a' little emperor'. He must obey the law and treat others equally. You should hire a lawyer, write a complaint, accuse him of abusing his wife, divorce him and ask for alimony. " It was Yu Fen's words that made Wenxiu determined to divorce Puyi and strive for personal freedom. 193 1 On August 25th, 2008, Wenxiu was awarded by Puyi. Accompanied by his sister Wenshan and under the supervision of eunuch Zhao Changqing, he took a trip to Tianjin in Puyi's car, which was regarded as Puyi's "comfort". He never imagined that this was the beginning for Wen Xiu to bid farewell to the "cold palace" and get rid of his tragic fate. After leaving the gate of Jingyuan by bus, Wen Xiu instructed the driver to drive to the Republic of China Hotel in Tianjin and get off to stay in Room 37. Then she said to eunuch Zhao Changqing, "Go home yourself." Eunuch Zhao didn't understand what it meant. Wen Xiu took out a written letter and asked Zhao Changqing to give it to Puyi, and told him: "Wen Xiu will sue the emperor to the court and decide to divorce him." When Zhao, the eunuch, returned to Jingyuan to tell the truth, Puyi immediately panicked and hurriedly ordered his servants to rush to the hotel of the Republic of China, asking Wen Xiu to get it back. However, Wen Xiu and Wenshan were ready, and soon left the hotel of the Republic of China and moved to the garden house provided by the widow Zhang, who was very sympathetic to Wen Xiu's experience and had a rich family. After Wen Shan came forward to run, Wen Xiu hired three lawyers, Zhang Shaoceng, Li and Li, to write to the court: "It is unbearable to accuse Puyi of insulting Wen Xiu. Puyi was ill and lived together for nine years without any luck. Determined to divorce, ask for personal daily clothing and alimony of 500,000 yuan. " For Wen Xiu's accusation, Puyi was extremely afraid, thinking that it would hurt the face of the royal family too much, and it would also be beneath the status of "emperor". At that time, it was a crucial moment for Puyi to collude closely with the Japanese and fantasize that Puyi would help Wang Ye recover. At this time, it was less than one month since the September 18th Incident of 193 1. Various newspapers in Beijing and Tianjin published reports that Wenxiu was going to sue Puyi for divorce, saying that this was the "imperial concubine revolution". Many people supported Wenxiu, and everyone ran around to publicize it, which finally put Puyi in an extremely embarrassing position. In desperation, Puyi also hired two lawyers, Lin Bai and Lin, to mediate between him and Wenxiu. 19311kloc-0/October 22nd, Wen Xiu was in Lin Bai and Lin Tianjin Law Firm, and three lawyers were present. Puyi and Wen Xiu both agreed and signed a divorce agreement, which has three clauses: 1. After the divorce, Puyi paid Wen Xiu 55,000 yuan for living expenses. Second, Wen Xiu is allowed to take clothes and daily necessities with him. Three, Li Wenxiu back to Beijing's family life, shall not do anything detrimental to the reputation of Puyi. The agreement is made in quadruplicate, one for Puyi and his lawyer, one for Wen Xiu and his lawyer. The divorce between Wen Xiu and Puyi can be regarded as a groundbreaking miracle. During the more than 300 years that the family of Eisingiro ruled China, no queen or imperial concubine dared to challenge for divorce. Wenxiu was first put forward and the only successful one. In order to maintain "face", Puyi signed a divorce agreement with Wenxiu the next day and issued a "decree": "Give up Shufei Wenxiu as Shu Ren." In a few days, that is,1931/kloc-0+10, Puyi, accompanied by Zheng He and Zheng Chui, was armed by Tadao Kudo, a Japanese spy, and sneaked into Baihe from Tianjin, arrived at Dagukou and boarded the Japanese merchant ship "Awaji Maru". Fortunately, Wenxiu escaped from the misery earlier, instead of betraying the motherland and falling into the abyss of sin with Puyi. After the divorce, Wen Xiu returned to Beiping. Originally, she wanted to go back to her mother, reunite with her family as a free man and enjoy family happiness. Unfortunately, Mrs. Jiang, the mother, has already passed away, and the "black elder sister" has also married and left. The old house was sold by the family without authorization. Wen Xiu had to rent a house in Peiping with his divorced sister Wenshan. Wenxiu paid off a large sum of money to hire a lawyer and paid off the cost of litigation for the living expenses obtained from Puyi. Finally, Yu Fen cheated her out of her money, and there was not much left in her hand. 1932 just after the summer vacation, Wen Xiu restored Fu's name and became a Chinese and drawing teacher in the private primary and secondary schools in Beiping Street. This is Wen Xiu's first job after he left Puyi and returned to Peiping, and he is in a particularly happy mood. The students all like this teacher very much because of his good handwriting, clear voice and thorough explanation in Chinese class. Unexpectedly, a few days later, someone found out that the new female teacher Fu, whose real name was Erd Te Wen Xiu, came from an aristocratic family in Manchuria. She was the imperial concubine of the late Qing Emperor Puyi, and was called Shu Fei in the palace. After this matter was made public, it immediately became a big news anecdote for schools and markets in Beiping. Journalists from various newspapers in Beiping came to interview and then published them in newspapers as gossip, which almost made Beiping a household name. Therefore, many good-hearted people came to Sicun Primary and Secondary School to wait to see the former imperial concubine. With more and more people gathered, Wen Xiu was caught in the embarrassing situation that the living were on display, and had to quit his beloved teaching career when 1933 ended. Because the identity of the imperial concubine was exposed, the house she rented could no longer live, so she took out the last sum of money and bought a bungalow in Liuhai Hutong, Beiping, and lived in seclusion with her sister Wenshan. Later, Wenshan remarried. In another new home, Wen Xiu, who lives alone, began to concentrate on learning Chinese painting skills from Fu Ru, a painter who is a descendant of the royal family. Life has been entrusted and fun, and painting skills have been greatly improved. Soon, some officers, petty officials and wealthy businessmen, or individual bureaucrats thought that the imperial concubine was a rare commodity and that there must be many priceless cultural relics at home, so they came to the door in the name of marriage proposal. Embroidery is rejected by clever words or tough attitude. 1937 After the "July 7th Incident", Beiping fell under the Japanese invaders, and embroidery became more restless. Relying on the Japanese forces, police, prison guards or lackeys came to Wen Xiu's door to extort money, and even forced Wen Xiu to pay a large sum of money for the Great East Asian Jihad. After a few years, Wenxiu really became a poor common people. She had to sell the house in Liuhai Hutong and find another place to rent a house to make a living by selling manual labor. First, I made money by pasting cartons at home, and once I went to the bricklayer's team as a coolie. Because I couldn't stand the fatigue of heavy physical strength, I finally made a living by selling cigarettes in the streets and lanes, and I suffered from hunger and cold in the world. 1945, China won the Anti-Japanese War and the Kuomintang ruled Beiping. Wen Xiu was introduced by a friend and became a newspaper proofreader of North China Daily. Because of his hard work and outstanding talent, he won the respect of President Zhang Mingwei. President Zhang is very sympathetic to Wen Xiu's miserable life. Out of concern, he personally introduced Wenxiu to Liu Zhendong as his wife. Liu Zhendong, a native of Henan, was born in poverty and studied for several years. He joined the Kuomintang army at the age of 17. Because of his bravery, he was promoted from a soldier to a major. He is straightforward, does not cause trouble, and is unmarried in his forties. At that time, he was in charge of the Zhongnanhai warehouse of the parallel battalion of the Kuomintang army northward. After half a year's understanding and love, Wen Xiu and Liu Zhendong got married in Beiping in the summer of 1947, and rented a house in Mibai Xie Jie, the west city of Beiping, and got married. After marriage, the relationship between husband and wife was harmonious, which enabled Wen Xiu to enjoy a complete family life. 1949 65438+ 10, Beiping was peacefully liberated, and the people's government under the leadership of China's * * * production party took over Beiping. Due to the needs of the revolution, a notice was issued soon, requiring all the military and police officers left over by the former Kuomintang to register. Persuaded by Wen Xiu, Liu Zhendong truthfully registered and explained the historical issues. The people's government decided not to pursue criminal responsibility, arrest or detain Liu Zhendong, but to put on the hat of historical counter-revolution and put him under the supervision of the masses. 195 1 year, because of Liu Zhendong's good performance, the Beijing Municipal People's Government released his supervision and assigned him to the cleaning team in Xicheng District of Beijing as a worker. With a job to earn a salary, the family's life is guaranteed. Wen Xiu and Liu Zhendong also moved to Bichaihutong in Xicheng, near the cleaning team, and lived in a small room of about 10 square meters. It was in this small bungalow that the last imperial concubine of China, Wen Xiu, who was childless all her life, died of a heart attack on September 1953+08 at the age of 45.