Italian politics

The Supreme Judicial Council is the highest judicial organ, with an independent judicial system and the power to appoint judges, and has the power to appoint, assign, dispatch, promote and prescribe measures for judges. It consists of 33 members, with the President as the chairman and the President of the Supreme Court and the Attorney General as ex officio members. The other members are composed of 65,438+ members (lawyers and judicial professors) elected by the Parliament and 2 judges elected by all judges, with a term of four years, and cannot be re-elected or part-time. The Constitutional Court is mainly responsible for checking and supervising the constitutionality of legal provisions. It is composed of 15 judges with a term of 9 years, no part-time job and immunity. LenatoGlanatta, President of the Constitutional Court, and VittorioSgroi, President of the Supreme Court. in addition, there are local mediation judges, courts of first instance (misdemeanors), courts, courts of first instance (in charge of civil and criminal cases), courts of appeal and audit institutions (in charge of public accounts and pensions). Italy has a multi-party system, and most of the main political parties or party alliances are distributed in the center-left and center-right camps. The main political parties are:

(1) partito democratico: the largest political party in the center-left and one of the main ruling parties. Founded in June, 5438+October, 27, it was jointly established by Daisy League and Italian Left-wing Democratic Party. Secretary of State matteo renzi.

(2) Italian Power Party: the largest political party in the center right. In 213, the Italian People's Liberal Party (Popolo della Libertà) had internal differences on whether to support the grand coalition government, forming a "hawk" who opposed the grand coalition government and a "dove" who supported the grand coalition government. From 165438 to October, 213, former Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and his "hawkish" supporters announced the dissolution of the Liberal People's Party and the re-establishment of Forza Italia, with Berlusconi as the party chairman.

(3) Five-Star Movement: a non-traditional political party that has risen rapidly in recent years. Founded in June 5438+October 29, it originated from "Friends of grillo Movement". He is good at communication, publicity and activities through street speeches, Weibo and Facebook. The chairman is beppe grillo.

(4) New China Right: the center-right party, one of the main ruling parties. In 213, the Liberal People's Party was formed after the split, with angelino alfano, Minister of the Interior and former Secretary of the Liberal People's Party, as the party chairman.

⑤ Italian Citizens' Choice Party: a centrist party supporting Europeanism and one of the ruling parties. Founded in October 213, it supports the re-election of former Italian Prime Minister Silvio mario monti. In October, 213, Monti resigned as the party chairman, and the current chairman is Bambasa.

(6) Northern Alliance: center-right party. Founded in December, 1989, it was formerly six autonomous sports leagues in north-central Italy, with umberto Bosi as its founder and first secretary. The current general secretary is Roberto maroni, and Bos is the party chairman.

(7) Left-wing Ecological Freedom Party: a left-wing political party, founded in March 29, with Nikki Vendola as its chairman.

(8) Italy rebuilt the * * * production party.

(9) Chairman of the Italian Producers' Party

The Italian President is elected by the joint meeting of parliamentary elections, and there are three representatives from each region in addition to one representative from the Aosta Valley to ensure the representation of ethnic minorities. In order to gain the greatest understanding and ensure the maintenance of the constitution, an institution needs two-thirds of the votes in the first three rounds of voting. After that, a simple majority is enough.

The president's term of office is as long as seven years, which prevents any president from being elected twice by the same parliament (each parliament has a term of five years) and reduces the president's dependence on bureaucracy. The vote was held in the House of Representatives. After the voting, the elected candidate will first swear to the parliament, then deliver an inaugural speech, and then formally take office.

Speaker of the Senate

Ray Lei Natuo Giuseppe Pasfani. In April 28, he became the Speaker of the Senate.

Speaker of the House of Representatives

gianfranco gianfranco Fini. In April 28, the Liberal People's Party won the parliamentary election, and Fini became the Speaker of the House of Representatives.