a subtle informal process requires careful, established and
Then exploit doubt and ambiguity in generalities. The central role of the docket stage in criminal proceedings, and the reliance of lawyers on "instructing the judge" upon which investigators will base their decisions on their evidence, upon which the court will proceed
< p>Direct questioning and confrontation are inappropriate and suggest that it is dangerous to establish a completely independent defense case. Witness prosecutions were instituted in an atmosphere of conflictwithin a weak
procedure where the investigation was understood to be subject to judicial oversight. (There is no psychological statement such as that made through pre-trial interrogation)
Doing so is a challenge to the integrity of the judiciary itself.
In addition, in France, the defense serves as an auxiliary. role, being a party to proceedings involving minor judges
who are less trusted than the police who are subject to judicial supervision
The constraints in this place are clear for her to be able to carry out any form.
For example, during the trial, when I asked the defense to call witnesses independently, a judge told me:
The lawyer has the testimony of the witness, yes, but If the validity is low
the testimony is given by the police because we don't know the specific circumstances. It
can put a gun to the witness's head if the police take it away. We just know
It is under the right conditions 119
This also supports that this view still exists in the field and in Western research (2003:296-97)
Lawyers tell them they will not be defended
Witnesses are often interviewed
They fear tainting witnesses
Recent Outreau case. The limitations of this model of participation were also shown in 2004, in which seven 17-year-old defendants were acquitted of child sexual abuse. One defendant, who was later acquitted, told the court that despite constant threats of denial, the judge was not interested in her statement and simply explained that it was anger that became support for the original accusation.
In one case, her own defense attorney left the judge's office in tears after charges were dropped against six of the seven defendants. >
After being imprisoned for nearly three years
, the seventh defendant entrusted his son to her care while on bail.
As the trial progressed, he feared that the situation would become more serious. The dean of the school investigated
and the young and inexperienced Su did not prosecute
and acquitted himself, but falsely accused the defendant of meritorious deeds
(if he had done anything to his friends). Help, please help rate, thank you)