The "Constitution of the People's Republic of China" stipulates that the Supreme People's Court is the highest judicial organ of the People's Republic of China, responsible for trying various cases, formulating judicial interpretations, and supervising the trial work of local people's courts at all levels and specialized people's courts. , and manage the trial work of courts across the country in accordance with the scope of responsibilities specified by law. [3]
Higher People's Court
Higher People's Court includes: Provincial Higher People's Court, Autonomous Region Higher People's Court and Municipal Higher People's Court. The Higher People's Court has criminal tribunals, civil tribunals, economic tribunals, and other tribunals as needed.
Hear the following cases in accordance with the law:
1.
1. First-instance cases under its jurisdiction under laws and decrees;
2. First-instance cases transferred to it for trial by the lower People’s Court;
3. Appeals and protest cases against the judgment and ruling of the lower People’s Court;
4. The People’s Procuratorate supervises the trial in accordance with the Procedural protest cases.
Intermediate People's Court
Intermediate People's Courts include:
1: Intermediate People's Court of provinces and autonomous regions, Intermediate People's Court of municipalities directly under the Central Government, Intermediate People's Court of provinces and autonomous regions, Autonomous Prefecture Intermediate People's Court. The Intermediate People's Court has criminal tribunals, civil tribunals, and economic tribunals, and may also set up other tribunals as needed.
Hear the following cases in accordance with the law:
1.
1. First-instance cases under its jurisdiction under laws and decrees;
2. First-instance cases transferred to it for trial by the basic people's court;
3. Appeals and protest cases against the judgment and ruling of the basic people's court;
4. The people's procuratorate supervises the trial in accordance with the Protest proceedings filed. .
If the Intermediate People's Court considers that the case is serious and should be tried by the People's Court at a higher level, it may submit it to the People's Court at a higher level for trial.
Basic People's Courts
Basic People's Courts include: County People's Courts and Municipal People's Courts, Autonomous County People's Courts, and Municipal District People's Courts. Basic people's courts may have criminal tribunals, civil tribunals, and economic tribunals, each with a chief judge and a deputy chief judge. Basic people's courts can establish several people's tribunals based on region, population and case conditions. The People's Court is an integral part of the Basic People's Court, and its judgments and rulings are those of the Basic People's Court.
Basic people's courts try first-instance criminal and civil cases, unless otherwise provided by laws and decrees. When a grassroots people's court hears first-instance criminal or civil cases, unless otherwise provided by laws and decrees, if it considers that the case is serious and should be tried by a higher-level people's court, it may request that the case be transferred to the higher-level people's court for trial.
In addition to trying cases, the people's courts also handle the following matters:
1. Handle civil disputes and minor criminal cases that do not need to be tried by the court in accordance with the law;
2. Guide the work of the People’s Mediation Committee in accordance with the law.