What are the methods of cross-examination in my country’s criminal litigation courts? What are the methods of cross-examination in criminal litigation court? What are the " title= "cross-examination

What are the methods of cross-examination in my country’s criminal litigation courts? What are the methods of cross-examination in criminal litigation court? What are the " title= "cross-examination methods in my country's Criminal Procedure Law Courts? "/>; 1. What are the methods of cross-examination in my country's Criminal Procedure Law courts? 1. Regarding cross-examination in criminal trials, Article 47 of my country's "Criminal Procedure Law" stipulates: "Witness testimony must be approved by the prosecutor, victim, and defendant. , the defender interrogates and cross-examines in court, and the testimonies of witnesses from all parties can be used as the basis for finalizing the case. "In addition, in 1998, the Supreme People's Court adopted Article 58 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, which further stipulates: "Evidence must be presented, identified, and cross-examined in court. Wait for the court investigation process to verify that it is true, otherwise it cannot be used as the basis for finalizing the case. " 2. Broadly speaking, cross-examination means that the cross-examination subject allowed by law inquires, identifies, questions, explains, explains, consults, and refutes various evidence, including the evidence provided by the parties, in order to convince the judge of the specific evidence. 3. Cross-examination in a narrow sense mainly refers to activities such as confrontation and verification of evidence presented in court by litigants during the trial. The essential characteristic of cross-examination is “questioning” and questioning of evidence. , and these "questions" and "questions" are of the nature of face-to-face confrontation. Although evidence may need to be identified, explained and explained during the cross-examination process, these behaviors do not represent the essential characteristics of cross-examination. Examine the nature of evidence, but not all evidence examination is cross-examination. The examination of one's own evidence does not belong to the category of cross-examination, but questioning and questioning of evidence from a neutral perspective embodies the essential characteristics of cross-examination. 4 my country's Criminal Procedure Law clearly stipulates that evidence must be publicly presented and cross-examined in court, which shows that cross-examination is a necessary procedure in criminal procedure legislation. However, judging from my country's current criminal procedure practice, the evidence presented by the prosecutor is generally less intense. The prosecutor rarely raises high-quality questions about the evidence presented by the defense in court, and the cross-examination procedure does not play its due role. 2. The subject and object of cross-examination 1. The subject of cross-examination refers to the subject of cross-examination. The subject of cross-examination includes the parties, litigation agents and third parties. The court is not the subject of cross-examination. 2. The subject of cross-examination refers to the object of cross-examination. The object is evidence, and its scope is the evidence presented to the court by the party, including the evidence collected by the court based on the application of the party during cross-examination. The evidence collected is not the subject of cross-examination. The court shall present the evidence collected through ex officio investigation during the hearing, listen to the opinions of the parties, and explain the legality, authenticity and relevance of the evidence collected by the court investigation. , but these issues cannot be argued with the court in court. This is determined by the court's neutrality in the litigation and the status of the referee. If the court finds that there is a problem with the evidence itself or the method of collecting the evidence after hearing the opinions of the parties, it should. Withdraw evidence on one's own initiative. In our country's criminal procedure law, the method of cross-examination in court is generally to question the prosecutors, victims, and defendants, and to listen to the testimonies of both parties and verify the facts in accordance with the law, which can be used as the basis for finalizing the case. The subject and object of cross-examination are also clearly defined. If the evidence does not belong to the subject of cross-examination, the court will not hear it.