Dandong was a lawyer from other provinces in his early years. 1789 After the revolution broke out, he was elected to the parliament. He used to be the chairman of the famous Colombian Derrier Club, the minister of justice of the government, and so on. He is energetic and energetic, and he is called the "Big Three" of jacobins together with Mara and robespierre. He made great contributions to saving the Republic of China. 1792 In September, when foreign invasion was imminent, he issued the call of "Brave, Brave, Brave again" if you want to defeat the enemy.
1793 In June, after the establishment of the dictatorship in jacobin, he believed that democratic politics had been established, advocated the rule of law at home, appealed for a truce and peace abroad, advocated leniency and humanity, and became the representative of the "tolerance" faction, which eventually caused dissatisfaction and opposition from robespierre and Sang juster. 1On March 30th, 794, Dandong was arrested and imprisoned. Sanjast accused him of colluding with Mirabaud, accepting bribes from the royal family, conspiring to hijack King Louis XVI's flight, uniting with special envoy Ji Lun, advocating reconciliation and tolerance against the enemy, hooking up with suspicious foreigners, and rapidly expanding his personal wealth ... Dandong once defended himself: "... I betrayed myself? Me? People like me are priceless and can't afford it. Such people have marks of freedom and harmony on their foreheads. " Vanity and greed never dominated me, never dominated my words and deeds, and this selfish desire never made me betray the people's cause. I am completely loyal to my motherland, and I have dedicated my life to her. "But in this year, Dandong was sentenced to death on charges of treason, collaboration and endangering the country.
Is Dandong a British spy or not? Have you received "Peter's Gold"? It can be said that there are many doubts and puzzles.
As early as 1789 ~ 1790, when someone framed the Mara case, Dandong was accused of being a spy, a British spy and a royal lackey, and was willing to sell himself to anyone who wanted to buy him off. After that, Deliere Club sent a love letter to all districts, the Constituent Assembly and the City Hall to defend Dandong, and the rumor subsided a little.
Of course, as far as human character is concerned, Dandong is in sharp contrast with robespierre. The former is tall and burly, loves money and lust, and lives in luxury; The latter is short, self-disciplined, poor and simple, and cannot be corroded. During the Great Revolution, Dandong became a new bourgeois upstart. 1at the end of 790, it was heavily in debt. In the spring of 179 1, he not only paid off his debts, but also bought a large area of land and new houses, and his material wealth expanded dizzily. Where did his money come from has to arouse people's doubts. It is said that after Dandong was arrested, an instruction letter from the British Foreign Office to Burleigh, a banker engaged in conspiracy activities in Paris at that time, was found in his file, asking him to pay money to some people specified in the letter as a reward for loyalty to Britain. People suspect that Dandong is one of the recipients, otherwise why did this letter fall into Dandong's hands? According to historians' speculation, in the final trial of Dandong molecules, the Revolutionary Court presented evidence of collusion between Dandong and British spies.
1794 after the hot month coup, the National Association rehabilitated those members who died during Jacob's dictatorship, and Dandong was not on the list. This aroused people's speculation.
1803, a royalist named Dante Legge sneaked back to Paris and was captured by the Napoleon authorities. In his confession, he claimed that Dandong was involved in a plot to hijack King Louis XVI's flight and demanded a high reward from the British. Later, there was a similar statement in the memoirs of another royalist named Ramit. In the communication between Mirabaud and Duke Lamarck, the royal agent, published in 185 1, there was a letter saying that "Dandong received thirty thousand livres ...",
It also provides evidence that is extremely unfavorable to Dandong, and Dandong's reputation is even more shadowy.
However, almost all around, some people rushed to wash away the dirt suffered by Dandong, and some people defended Dandong. 1848 on the eve of the revolution, a historian named William traveled around and collected information carefully. He got a detailed report from Dandong's son, trying to prove that Dandong's property was not increased by illegal means.
Some historians of the Second Reich and the Third Republic, such as Buzad, Dipost, Carrara, Robena, etc., have written books to prove that Dandong is a great realistic political activist and a brilliant revolutionary. Rao Leisi, an outstanding socialist and thinker, also thinks that Dandong "has no harmful or boring thoughts and lies fabricated out of thin air", and is a "man with broad mind and superb thoughts" and an "all-round figure". Ollard is a great historian who devoted his whole life to the study of the history of the French Revolution. In 1902, he published his masterpiece "The Political History of the French Revolution". He defended Dandong all his life and compared him to the embodiment of patriotism and the only revolutionary giant. He thinks: "He shows that he is a giant who manages the country. Although he has made a series of mistakes, he is innocent in killing people and money ..." Dandong's image has changed greatly. He has become a hero in people's minds again, and it seems that he can be sealed.
Who knows that at the beginning of the 20th century, Mathio, a student from Ollard, caused an uproar again. After years of studying archives and examining testimonies, contracts and documents, Madio decided that Dandong had seriously defected and colluded with nobles and British spies. Mateo carefully calculated all the possible legal income of Dandong, and thought that the existing income of Dandong far exceeded his possible legal income. The source of this money may be provided by royalists and British agents. Mateo also took the report of 1789 French ambassador to Britain as evidence, and thought that Dandong himself was probably a British spy. This statement has spread widely, even affecting historians in the former Soviet Union and China.
However, there are still many French historians who think that Mateo's statement is unfounded and too extreme. The evaluation of Dandong has formed two sharp opposing factions. Sobler, a French Marxist historian, put it to the point: "There have been many arguments in France about Dandong and robespierre, two revolutionaries. This is closely related to the critic's own class position, political tendency and social interests. " The case will never be closed unless new conclusive evidence is found.