What are the three types of Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi?

Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi. This grotto is located at the foot of Wuzhou Mountain in the west of Datong, and it is excavated along the mountain, with a length of about 1 km from east to west. There are 53 old grottoes, including more than 5 1000 statues of Buddha, Bodhisattva and Tian Fei, which are very large in scale. The grotto was first excavated in the first year of Heping in Wen Chengdi, Northern Wei Dynasty (460), and was basically completed in 494, which lasted more than 30 years. All caves can be roughly divided into three categories; In the early 16 ~ 20 grottoes, the plane was oval, with statues as the main part, and Cave 20 was the representative work of Yungang Grottoes. The cave in the middle is rectangular in plane and has two rooms. In addition to the Buddha statue carved in the middle, there are many reliefs on the wall and top. The third type is a square cave house, with a square tower column in the middle, embossed on it and carved with Buddha statues and niches on the wall. The sixth hole is the most typical one. The cave is 20 meters high and there is a big tower in the middle with a cross-sectional area of 60 square meters. There are countless reliefs in the grottoes, including large and small Buddha statues, bodhisattvas and flying sky. , but also engraved with the original story of Sakyamuni from birth to becoming a Buddha, which is really a treasure house of China sculpture art.