Biology
Biology is a traditional subject. In recent years, due to the rapid development of genetics, molecular biology and related biotechnology, biology has produced many new branches, such as microbiology, microchemistry, biophysics, biochemistry, biomedicine, etc., but currently They are all collectively referred to using traditional biological names.
Professional requirements: chemistry, physics, mathematics, computers, research spirit, analytical ability, patience.
Employment analysis: Graduates are suitable to engage in teaching and scientific research in educational institutions such as scientific research institutes, colleges and universities, and key middle schools. They can also enter high-tech enterprises and scientific research units such as biology, medicine, and environmental protection to engage in scientific research. , technology development, operation and management work, and can also work in the media, government and other departments.
Chemistry
Chemistry is an experimental science that studies the composition, structure, properties, reactions and energy changes in substances.
Major requirements: Chemistry, physics, mathematics, computer; have patience, serious study spirit, and strong practical ability.
Employment analysis: With the gradual reduction of market demand, chemistry major is one of the traditional science majors with the largest shrinkage in the job market. The market demand growth rate in the next 10 years is 18, which is lower than the national average demand growth rate of 22 for college graduates in various majors. Possible occupations include scientific research and technical personnel, business managers, sales personnel, engineering and technical personnel, teachers, etc.
Aerospace Engineering
Aerospace engineering is a sensitive profession that involves the design, development, testing and production of aerospace vehicles and related equipment, such as navigation equipment and controls, instruments The development of instruments, communication equipment and related new technologies, etc. The main courses of study include aerospace engineering, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, materials mechanics, aircraft machinery, aviation control system engineering, space science and systems, etc.
Major requirements: mathematics, physics, computer; creative thinking.
Employment analysis: The market demand is medium, and the main occupation is aerospace design engineer. The average salary is much higher than other engineering graduates.
Tip: The employment of international students is subject to certain restrictions. If you go to intern in the U.S. military, national defense and government departments during university study or after graduation, employment will be more troublesome. After being hired by the U.S. government or related defense departments, you have to work regularly Go through "security check".
Architecture
Architecture is an art discipline because it involves a lot of aesthetic training and cultivation. It can be said to be an architectural art. Therefore, there are many things to learn in architectural design, not only the development of modern architecture, but also interpenetration with many other disciplines, in order to become a master.
Many people have misunderstandings about the architecture major in the United States. They think that architecture and civil engineering are the same major. In fact, there is a big difference between architecture and civil engineering. Architecture requires students to have artistic qualities. . The education of architecture major in the United States is very complete.
Professional requirements: creativity, critical thinking ability, quantitative analysis ability, sketching ability, spatial thinking ability, and hands-on ability.
Employment analysis: The job market is very limited. Many graduates open their own shops to find customers, which is easier and the lowest cost. Main occupations are architect and business manager. Undergraduate graduates can take the exam after working for 4 years and pass the exam to become a registered architect; graduates with a master's degree can take the exam after working for 2 years.
Tip: The architecture schools of American universities are generally located outside the engineering schools and are independent colleges. Although the entry threshold for architecture majors is higher, the starting salary for graduates is lower. However, as seniority and experience increase, the salary increases faster.
The difference between architecture and civil engineering and civil engineering is that architects mainly focus on the function, appearance and structure of the building, while civil architects and civil engineers focus more on structural mechanics, such as which Type of steel and which grade of cement. Architects often work with civil engineers and architectural engineers (construction engineers) to complete projects.
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EE) is one of the core disciplines in the field of modern science and technology and an indispensable key discipline in today's high-tech field. The American EE major is not only a very popular major in China. This is even more clearly reflected in applications to study in the United States. The electronic and electrical engineering major in the United States is very different from the domestic electronic and electrical engineering discipline in terms of scientific research, teaching and academic organization.
Professional requirements: mathematics, physics, computers; logical thinking, innovative thinking, and research spirit.
Employment analysis: The market demand is huge, and it is the second most demanded major among engineering majors. 70% of students go to work in enterprises after graduation, of which about 60% are engaged in electronic, electrical and computer engineering jobs, and the rest are engaged in management, marketing, computer programming and other jobs.
Environmental Engineering
Students majoring in Environmental Engineering mainly study subjects such as general chemistry, engineering mechanics, surveying, engineering drawing, microbiology, hydraulics, electrical engineering, environmental monitoring, and environmental engineering. Basic theories and basic knowledge, basic training in foreign languages, computer technology and drawing, pollutant monitoring and analysis, engineering design, management and planning, etc., and the ability to engage in scientific research and engineering design in the fields of environmental science and technology and water supply and drainage engineering and basic abilities in management planning.
Major requirements: chemistry, biology, physics, mathematics, computer; have certain life and work abilities and rich imagination.
Employment analysis: After graduation, students in this major can engage in planning, design, construction, management, etc. in government departments, planning departments, economic management departments, environmental protection departments, design units, industrial and mining enterprises, scientific research units, schools, etc. Education, research and development, etc.
Tip: With the deepening of the promotion of environmental protection concepts and the strengthening of people's environmental awareness, there is reason to believe that the demand for environmental engineering students will greatly increase in the next few years.
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical engineering is a traditional engineering major that cultivates students' ability to design, develop, test and produce various mechanical parts and equipment. This includes both power equipment, such as internal combustion engines, steam engines, gasoline engines, aircraft and rocket engines, and electrically driven equipment, such as refrigeration and air conditioning refrigeration equipment, power tools, machines and robots.
Major requirements: mathematics, physics, computers, logical thinking and creative thinking.
Employment analysis: The U.S. job market for this major is huge. Among engineering majors, the market demand rate for mechanical engineering ranks first. About 80% of graduates go into manufacturing jobs. For example, designing engines for elevators, cars, lawn mowers, and production equipment, and some mechanical engineers are also engaged in the design and development of new energy systems to reduce environmental pollution.
Petroleum Engineering
Petroleum engineering can be said to be a specialized profession. Compared with other types of engineers, the working environment of petroleum engineers is much harsher, and they have to work all over the world. Dealing with the Earth. Because of this, and the petroleum industry is a high-profit industry, petroleum engineers have the highest income among all types of engineers. The current median annual salary for petroleum engineers in the United States is $168,000.
Professional demand: chemistry, mathematics, physics, computer
Employment analysis: In order to reduce the country’s oil extraction, the job market in this major has been affected. However, the number of graduates in this major is relatively small, and market competition has eased.
Tip: Engineers who study petroleum engineering don't have to work in the "oil field"; in fact, many work in offices in skyscrapers with large glass windows.
Data and Information Processing
The goal of the Data and Information Processing major is to train computer system administrators, requiring students to conceive, design, install and debug various individuals, businesses and other organizations Institutional computer office system capabilities.
Main courses include programming, data structures, information systems, operating systems, data repair and collection, target programming, network and web design, and e-commerce website creation.
Major requirements: Mathematics, physics; innovative thinking, strong hands-on ability, and ability to stay up late.
Employment analysis: The market demand is huge. The main occupations are computer programmers, computer systems analysts, and system administrators.
Industrial production technology
Industrial production technology studies specific technical issues in production and construction, such as production time, methods, production specifications, material transportation, equipment utilization, etc.
A certain industrial production technology may involve a variety of industrial production processes. For example, chemical production technology can be applied to the production of medicine, chemicals, and petroleum products; civil engineering production technology can be applied to roads, buildings, bridges, etc. of construction.
Major requirements: mathematics, physics, computer; logical thinking ability, innovative thinking ability, interpersonal communication ability.
Employment analysis: The market demand is not large, and graduates over 70 years old have entered companies as business managers, department heads, and engineers.
Tips: The industrial production technology major is widely used. It is a "one specialty, multiple capabilities" major where technology is applied to a variety of professional production fields.
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical engineering is an engineering discipline that uses the laws of physics to analyze, design, produce and maintain mechanical systems.
Mechanical engineering is an applied discipline. It is based on the theoretical foundation of relevant natural sciences and technical sciences and the technical experience of production practice. It studies and solves the development, design, manufacturing, installation, and installation of various machinery. All theoretical and practical issues in use and maintenance.
Professional requirements: mathematics, physics, computer; logical thinking, creative thinking, interpersonal communication, and practical ability.
Employment analysis: The U.S. job market for this major is huge. Among engineering majors, the market demand rate for mechanical engineering ranks first. About 80% of graduates go into manufacturing jobs. For example, designing engines for elevators, cars, lawn mowers, and production equipment, and some mechanical engineers are also engaged in the design and development of new energy systems to reduce environmental pollution.
Tip: The accumulation of work experience in mechanical engineering technology is an important factor in salary increases and promotions. Graduates of this major rarely continue to pursue advanced degrees after employment. Therefore, it is not uncommon for department managers and factory supervisors with bachelor's degrees to have highly educated design engineers working for them.
Criminology
Criminology is generally subdivided into three majors: policing, law, and crime correction. Research areas include terrorism, victim studies, addiction treatment, computer crime, criminal investigation, prison management, women's criminal justice, morals and ethics, and law.
Major requirements: Humanities; ordinary high school graduates who are interested in politics and have an adventurous spirit.
Career analysis: About half of the students work in federal, state and local government or military-related departments, such as police, FBI, border control, customs, etc. About 1/3 of students work in the private sector, such as working as legal assistants in law firms, assisting in the investigation of criminal cases, processing, collecting and organizing relevant evidence, exhibits, testimonies and documents.
Health and Medical Technology
Health and Medical Technology, also known as Clinical/Medical Laboratory Technology, is a major that studies hospital laboratory technology and trains hospital laboratory technicians. or laboratory technician major.
There are many types of medical technician jobs. Chemistry technicians are responsible for preparing samples and testing the content of hormones in the body; microbiology technicians are responsible for detecting bacteria, parasites and microorganisms; blood bank technicians are responsible for collecting and identifying blood types to prepare for blood transfusions; immunology technicians are responsible for examining the body's immune response to predict the patient's response to Diagnosis and response to treatment; Cytotechnologists take sections of tissue cells and use microscopic techniques to observe cell conditions to determine whether cancer is present.
Medical technicians have many types of work. For example, chemical technicians are responsible for preparing samples and testing the content of hormones in the body; microbiological technicians are responsible for detecting bacteria, parasites and microorganisms; and blood bank technicians are responsible for collecting and identifying blood types to prepare for blood transfusions. ; Immunology technicians are responsible for examining the body's immune response to predict the patient's response to diagnosis and treatment; cytotechnology technicians are responsible for extracting tissue cell sections and observing cell conditions using microscopic techniques to determine whether cancer is present.
Major requirements: biology, chemistry, physics, English, computer; color discrimination, patience and meticulousness.
Employment analysis: The market demand is moderate and the employment direction is concentrated. 70% of graduates are engaged in health and medical technology or management and sales jobs. "Improvement" and development: If you are preparing to take the medical school entrance examination, you should learn more basic courses related to your major.
Tip: 70 to 80% of a doctor's treatment of a patient is determined based on the results and data given by the laboratory technician, so the medical laboratory technician is engaged in a profession that is closely related to human life.
Visual Art
Since the origin of human culture, creating visual images to convey information has always been a basic means of communication between people. These visual images are now known as "visual art". They have a profound impact on the inheritance of human history and culture and people's spiritual life.
Major requirements: English, humanities and social sciences; creative thinking
Employment analysis: The job market is fiercely competitive. The career distribution is very discrete. Some are artists, broadcasters, writers, editors, public relations personnel, and some are managers, salesmen, primary and secondary school teachers, secretaries, typists, marketers, etc.
Pre-med
In addition to preparing students who plan to enter medical school, pre-med also offers some professional courses so that students can directly enter the workforce after graduation. Students in this major are somewhat prepared for medical school, typically having taken 45 or more credits of necessary foundational courses, including calculus, biology, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physics.
Although medical school does not require a specific major, many colleges offer premed courses due to the fierce competition for medical school admission. Premed students have a significant advantage in getting into medical school compared to undergraduates in other disciplines.
Major requirements: Good foundation in mathematics, science and chemistry. Students who enter medical school after completing premed studies need to study and work for six to seven years after graduation, four years as medical students and three years as residents. During this period, individuals must have extremely strong academic competitiveness and good physical fitness.
Career analysis: Students who do not continue to attend medical school also have good employment prospects. Possible careers include physical therapist, physician assistant, pharmacist, registered nurse, laboratory technician, medical technician, and more. "Upgrades" and promotions: About 80% of our graduates go on to graduate and professional schools, or become dentists, optometrists, veterinarians, podiatrists, etc.
Tip: In the United States, university admissions requirements for different disciplines such as dentistry, optometry, physiotherapy and rehabilitation, chiropractic, and veterinary medicine require students to have a bachelor's degree or above before they can enter medical school to pursue a doctorate in medicine. . However, doctors who have earned a foreign medical degree can pass an exam to become qualified to practice medicine in the United States.
Nursing
In addition to focusing on the basic content of nursing disciplines and basic medicine, nursing education also pays special attention to social and humanistic knowledge, requiring students to have the ability to consult and educate patients.
The modern nursing teaching laboratory has advanced and complete equipment. The teaching adopts the "trinity" model of classroom theoretical teaching, laboratory simulated ward situation teaching, and clinical practice teaching, integrating basic nursing techniques with meeting patient needs and solving patient problems. Organic combination. Students are required to have strong independent analysis and problem-solving abilities.
Major requirements: Mathematics, physics, chemistry, humanities; more patient and easy to communicate with others. Employment: The job market is good and the scope of employment is wide. Hospital operating rooms, delivery rooms, pediatrics, emergency rooms, personal homes, etc.
Tip: According to the U.S. Department of Labor, U.S. hospitals will be short of 450,000 registered nurses in the next 10 years, and the U.S. Immigration Service has listed nurses as the third category of "priority" occupational immigrants. This makes it easier for nurses to obtain a green card than for someone with a doctorate or master's degree in other U.S. majors, such as science, engineering, or business.