Dujiangyan was founded around 256 BC and has a long history of more than 2,250 years. More than 2,000 years ago, Li Bing, the governor of Shuqin County, learned from the previous experience in water control, skillfully used the special terrain at the entrance of Minjiang River according to the local geographical characteristics, chose a suitable position as a weir, used the height difference, complied with the laws of nature, and adopted the principle of expanding with heat and contracting with cold when the production tools and construction technology were relatively backward, thus chipping away the pile, splitting Leiyu Mountain and crossing the "second river" (Danjiang and Jianjiang are now along the river. Dujiangyan has a long history and great benefits, which has created a precedent for water conservancy projects in China and even the world. Qingcheng Mountain is a sacred place founded by Taoism in China. It has been innovated according to the unique cultural form of the Chinese nation, and gradually developed into the state religion of China, with outstanding cultural value and unprecedented pioneering.
Dujiangyan is the crystallization of human civilization and is unique in the history of science and technology in the world.
Dujiangyan, founded by Li Bing, correctly handled the relationship between the main projects such as Yu Zui Fenshui levee, Sha Fei weir spillway and Baojiangkou water intake, making them interdependent, complementary in function, skillfully coordinated and integrated into a whole, forming a systematic project with reasonable layout, and jointly playing the important roles of water and sediment regulation, flood discharge and sediment discharge, water diversion and dredging, ensuring that there is no shortage of dry water and no flood. Specifically, the fish mouth diversion dike is used to divert water from Mianjiang River for irrigation. In dry season, 60% of the water in Mianjiang River is automatically introduced into Neijiang and 40% is discharged into Waijiang River. In the event of a flood, 60% of the water is automatically discharged into the Waijiang River and 40% is introduced into Neijiang River. Dujiangyan was built at the corner of Mianjiang River, which reached Dujiangyan. The surface water with less sediment concentration flows to the concave bank, and the bottom water with more sediment concentration flows to the convex bank, which discharges most of the sediment washed down from the outer river by the flood. A small amount of sand and gravel entering Neijiang, with the support of Hutouyan extending to the center of the river, the restraint of Baojoukou and the jacking of "retaining piles", will discharge most of the sand and gravel from Feishayan and herringbone dike into the outer river to prevent the water intake of Baojoukou and the main stream of the irrigation area from silting; Using the water intake of bottle mouth to control the inflow not only ensures the irrigation water, but also avoids the flood from flooding into Neijiang irrigation area and causing disasters. Dujiangyan can automatically adjust the amount of water entering the irrigation area, making the Chengdu Plain "flood and drought follow people" and become a granary of Tianfu. Dujiangyan is a model of automatic water diversion, flood discharge and sediment discharge by successfully using the fluid gravity formed by natural bends. When building the weir, Li Bing also buried a stone horse in the river as a sign of scouring the beach, and set up a "Three Stone Man" to observe the fluctuation of water regime, which pioneered the ancient water regime measurement in China. All previous dynasties attached great importance to Dujiangyan water conservancy project, gradually improved the management organization, established the annual maintenance and flood control maintenance system, and accumulated and summarized valuable water control experience such as "six-character formula", "three-character classics" and "eight-character motto", which made the ancient weir develop continuously. More than 2,000 years ago, Dujiangyan made such a great scientific achievement, which is unique in the world and is still the highest water conservancy project in the world. 1.872, German geographer Richthofen (Richthofen 1.833- 1.905) praised "the perfection of Dujiangyan irrigation method is unparalleled in the world". During the period of 1 986, Franjem, Secretary General of the International Irrigation and Drainage Committee, and experts from various countries of the International River Sediment Society visited Dujiangyan and spoke highly of Dujiangyan's scientific irrigation and sediment discharge functions. 11In March, 1999, UN-HABITAT officials visited Dujiangyan and suggested that Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project participate in the 2000 UN "Best Water Resources Utilization and Treatment Award".
Qingchengshan Taoism and Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project are epoch-making masterpieces of China culture, which have exerted great influence on later generations.
Since the establishment of Qingcheng Mountain, Taoism in China has multiplied, gradually expanding from the mountain to the outside, and even to the whole country. Since then, the heavenly masters of Longhu Mountain have come to Qingcheng Mountain to worship their ancestors. During the Jin Dynasty, Qingcheng Mountain was the center of Bashu Taoism. Du Guangting, a Taoist priest in Qingcheng Mountain, annotates and disseminates Laozi's theory, and studies and sorts out Taoist theory, which is called "supporting education, one person under the world" by Taoist circles. 1995, the National Quanzhen Educational Administration School was held in Qingcheng Mountain. Therefore. Taoism in Qingcheng Mountain has an immeasurable influence on Taoism in China.
The establishment of Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project is the great creation of the excellent wisdom of the Chinese nation and the crystallization of scientific management and maintenance. Li Bing draws lessons from the experience of ancient Shu people in water control, uses local materials and adopts unique engineering techniques such as "bamboo cage", "drifting", "dry pebble" and "sheepfold" to carry out flood control and annual maintenance, which is economical and effective. Dujiangyan is an original river engineering technology, which is widely used in flood control and emergency rescue in the Yellow River Basin and the Pearl River Basin. Since the Han Dynasty, it has played an irreplaceable role in controlling sudden floods, and this scientific principle is still widely used as an advanced method for flood fighting and emergency rescue. Dujiangyan is an epoch-making masterpiece of water conservancy engineering technology in China.
Qingcheng Mountain is the birthplace of Taoism in China and the ancestral mountain and ancestral court of Taoism in Shi Tian.
In A.D. 143 (the second year of Han 'an), Zhang Ling, the founder of Taoism, came to Chicheng Cliff House in Qingcheng Mountain and founded the "Five Gates of Daoism" based on the pre-Qin "Theory of Huang Lao". In Zhang Ling's "Hamoyama", Qingcheng Mountain is named as the birthplace of Taoism and the ancestral mountain and ancestral home of Shitiandao. During the Han and Jin Dynasties, Taoism gradually flourished, and Fan Changsheng moved to Qingcheng Mountain to help Li Xiong establish the Han Cheng regime. Shu was stable and prosperous for a while, and Taoism in Shi Tian became the spiritual pillar of Han Cheng regime and Shu people. From 6 18-907 AD, Taoism was worshipped by the Tang Dynasty, and Taoism in China entered its heyday, especially Qingcheng Mountain. Tang Xizong named Qingcheng Mountain as the Duke of Yi Xi, worshiped the grass, and ordered Qingcheng Mountain to repair the Lingbao Dojo. On Sunday, 2,400 temples were set up (Taoist priests set up altars). At this point, the development of Taoism in China entered its heyday, with more than 40 Taoist temples in the mountains, which have evolved into seven sects. In the late 9th century, Du Guangting, a Taoist scholar, made an in-depth study of various schools of Taoism and became a master. He lived in Qingcheng for nearly 30 years and wrote about 30 books and more than 250 volumes. He is a master of Taoist theory, which has influenced the famous Taoist mountains in China and Southeast Asian countries and become one of the "Taoist leaders". In the Five Dynasties, Taoist music entered the court. "Running Water", a guqin music recorded by Taoist Zhang Kongshan in Qingcheng, 1 977 was recorded on a gold-plated record by the United States, and was taken into space by the "Voyager II" spacecraft to search for human bosom friends in the vast universe. Now, Qingcheng Mountain is still the main place to promote Taoist culture in China. On 1.995, the Chinese Taoist Association held the second preaching and subtraction meeting of Quanzhen religion in China, which was attended by abbots of famous Taoist schools all over the country. Fu Yuantian, abbot of Qingcheng Mountain and president of Chinese Taoist Association, was elected as the successor of the 23rd generation Fu Yuantian barrister of Quanzhen Temple. It is rare that the ancient Taoist buildings in Qingcheng Mountain are so well preserved.
Qingchengshan-Dujiangyan is the most complete area of biodiversity protection in subtropical mountainous areas in the world.
Qingchengshan-Dujiangyan is located in the western Sichuan alpine valley in the northern section of Hengduan Mountains, which is a key area of biodiversity in the world. Here is the transition zone from Sichuan Basin to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with rolling mountains, steep slopes and deep valleys, warm and humid climate, long geological history and various biological species.