Aeronautical materials engineering; Products; Norms; ATA file; Non-ATA file
Civil aviation is the fastest growing industry in the world, and it is also one of the industries with the greatest competitive pressure. How to reduce costs and increase profits is the key. Aviation material engineering research has already started in developed countries in Europe and America, and the research depth of aviation material products is different. In China, both of them are because the ARJ2 1 project has just started. In order to facilitate the domestic and foreign customers of ARJ2 1 to use and purchase aviation materials and reduce the procurement cost and cycle, aviation materials engineering and aviation materials products were studied.
1. Connotation of aviation materials engineering research
Aviation material engineering refers to the research work carried out by aircraft manufacturers in order to compile all kinds of aviation material supplies needed by airline aircraft operation. Spare parts supply products are a series of supporting documents provided by the main aircraft manufacturer to airlines before and after the delivery of the aircraft, and are the relevant materials needed by airlines to support the first batch of procurement, route maintenance, repair and modification of aviation materials after purchasing new aircraft.
2. The basis of aviation materials engineering research
Aircraft manufacturers should provide aviation materials needed for aircraft operation according to the requirements of aircraft customers, that is, aviation materials engineering content, mainly technical documents related to aviation materials services, which are divided into ATA documents and non-ATA documents, among which ATA documents are written in a fixed format specified in ATA SPEC 2000 standard; Non-ATA file is a simple and easy-to-understand file with unfixed format, and it is a derivative product of aviation material service, which is also the focus of this paper.
The following contents are the industry norms and theoretical research carried out to realize the compilation of the above documents.
2. Research on1specification
There is a relatively complete and universal standard ATA SPEC2000 in the world, which can be followed. It is a material management e-commerce specification issued by ATA Association, and is an internationally recognized specification for aircraft parts, materials, maintenance, reliability information and data exchange. In order to simplify the business process of aviation parts supply chain and effectively reduce costs, it has been widely adopted by major airlines, major manufacturers and parts suppliers all over the world.
The data supply standard defined in ATA Spec2000 provides effective process management for manufacturers and the best initial supply scheme for customers. Using related ATA files can reduce the time of exchanging and processing supply data. The standardization of data format ensures the compatibility of data, and at the same time ensures the consistency of data among trading partners, which improves the overall efficiency.
2.2 Research on prediction model of aviation materials
One of the important work contents of aviation material engineering is to forecast and analyze the demand of aviation materials and get the best recommended quantity. The consumption of air materials has the following mathematical model of Poisson distribution law.
Where p: guarantee rate; R: requirements for disassembly and replacement of aviation materials;
FS: fleet size (framework); FH: annual flight hours (hours); PL: air material guarantee rate during ordering operation (%); TT: Transportation time of air materials (days); MSPT: average workshop processing time (days) QPA: installed quantity (unit); SCR: rejection rate (‰); LT: ordering time; MTBUR: Average unscheduled removal and replacement interval (hours).
2.3 Engineering parameters of aviation materials
The forecast of aviation materials is inseparable from data, which can be divided into label data, customized data, supplier data, maintainability data, reliability data, procurement data and explanatory data through research and analysis.
2.4 Statistical analysis
The prediction, calculation and analysis of mathematical models need to be tested by practice in the end. By collecting flight test data,
And make further statistical analysis of the actual data, so as to give early warning to some abnormal parts, correct the mathematical model of air material prediction, and find problems in time.
3. Research content of aviation material engineering
3. 1ATA file
ATA files include s files, t files, v files, u files, x files, y files, etc. , has formed a relatively complete system in the world, so I won't go into details here.
3.2 Aviation material products (non-ATA documents)
Aviation material products (non-ATA documents) are to meet the needs of customers and convert ATA standard documents into easy-to-understand forms for direct use by aircraft customers in their work. The format of non-ATA documents is not fixed, among which RSPL, aviation material investment forecast analysis and other documents can be customized according to customer needs.
Recommended Air Material List (RSPL): customized document. According to customers' operation conditions and requirements, RSPL list recommended all the information of airline maintenance parts needed to support aircraft operation in the first 18 months, including LRU, LMP, STD and COMAC patent list.
Differentiated Recommended Air Material List (PRSPL): customized document. According to the special situation and requirements of specific customers, the differentiated recommendation of aviation materials only includes the differentiated spare parts needed for field maintenance after adding COMAC aircraft, but does not include the interchangeability information of the same spare parts box in the existing COMAC model, and the format is the same as RSPL.
Minimum recommended air material list: customized services provided by aircraft manufacturers to meet the operational needs of low-cost airlines. Usually, the minimum suggestion is to ensure that one or two planes can be dispatched normally within six months to one year, which needs to be selected one by one. At least, it is suggested that the format of the air material list is the same as that of RSPL, and there are about 100 to 200 air material items.
Standard Parts List (STD): Non-customized document. Provide standard parts information needed for aircraft maintenance.
List of lamps and lanterns; Custom file. Provide aviation materials needed for aircraft lamp maintenance to support customers' aviation materials service needs.
Bulk material list: customized documents. Mainly oil, grease, lubricant, etc.
List of hydraulic pipeline maintenance kits: provide information on aviation materials and tools needed for aircraft hydraulic pipeline maintenance, including information on software fittings, connectors, nozzles, fittings, cutting machines and hydraulic pipelines, so as to support customers' aviation materials service requirements.
List of raw materials; Custom file. Customized list of x files. Provide raw material information for parts that need to be manufactured on site to carry out maintenance activities. This information is usually explained in the S file and maintenance manual of RSPL AIPC. All materials must be made of simple hand tools, seals and gaskets, mainly including honeycomb panels, wires, rubber blocks, plates, profiles, wires, pipes, composite materials and so on.
List of bulk consumables: customized documents. The customized list of U-File provides information on the materials needed for route maintenance during the first 1-2 years of the introduction of new aircraft, including composite materials, tapes, sealants, grease, patches, etc.
List of documents for quick replacement of auxiliary power unit (APU QEC); The List of Parts for Quick Replacement of Auxiliary Power Unit provides the parts needed for installing APU, excluding APU body. The list will be provided in the form of air material package for the installation of APU.
Rental Parts Catalogue: Non-customized documents. Provide leasing information of large high-value parts with high reliability, long production cycle, long maintenance cycle and extremely low failure rate. Once these parts are accidentally damaged, they will have a great impact on the operation of the aircraft, generally including the front/rear landing gear doors and control surfaces (such as ailerons, flaps, spoilers, rudders, etc.). ), engine cowling, etc.
Air Force Material Supply Information Guide: provides detailed descriptions and explanations of air material supply data and technical description documents, so that customers can use air material data quickly.
Forecast and analysis of aviation material investment: forecast and analyze the demand of aviation materials in IP stage, help customers plan and analyze various investment funds, help customers achieve the balance between economy and guarantee rate under the existing funds, and optimize the investment benefit of aviation materials.
Total care air material list, in order to better serve airlines, from the customer's point of view, optimize the recommended air material list and formulate all-inclusive air material list items. Generally, the period of all-inclusive service is five years or more, so it is necessary to consider the all-inclusive air material list from many aspects, involving many factors such as the management level of airline air materials, the development of maintenance ability, and the rational allocation of funds. Based on the above constraints, it is necessary to determine the list of all-inclusive service air materials with different levels and gradients, and jointly determine the best scheme with airlines.
4. Concluding remarks
In recent years, the aviation industry has developed rapidly and gradually evolved into dual competition of products and services. Whoever can provide high-quality products and high-quality services will win, and a perfect aviation material guarantee system is very important for airline operations. Aviation material engineering and product research have been carried out abroad for decades, while civil aircraft has just started research and development in China and has not passed the complete inspection of aviation materials in service. There are many links that need to be refined and improved in order to gradually improve the research level of aviation materials engineering, expand its depth and breadth, and ensure the aviation materials demand of aircraft customers.
refer to
[1] Product Guide for Spare Parts Supply (D6-8 1834), first edition, 20061/month.
[2] Airbus initial supply training.