No matter what you learn, you need to master some knowledge points, which can also be understood as the knowledge involved in the exam, that is, the branch of the outline. Mastering knowledge points is the key to improving our grades! The following are the knowledge points of Japanese business negotiation etiquette that I compiled for you, for reference only. Let's have a look.
Japanese business negotiation etiquette 1 (1) expresses information.
The way the Japanese list questions is similar to the three-stage form of China's ancient narrative poems: scene introduction-detail description-telling the main idea, and it takes a long time to explain the purpose. Secondly, the number of questions. Japanese people will ask questions repeatedly, and even many people will ask the same question, which usually makes us very angry. "Don't they believe me?" . In fact, this is related to the Japanese collective decision-making. We should be patient and prepare enough information, but we should also control their questions in time.
(1) "I talked to Mr. XXX about this problem yesterday, but I repeat it …" or "This is the same problem I talked about before, but I repeat it";
(2) Write down the questions asked so as to share them with the Japanese;
(3) Generally speaking, it takes 10 minute to answer repeated questions for the second time and 1 minute for the third time. When asked for the fourth time, the appropriate answer is silence or changing the subject.
(2) Obtaining information
Fortunately, when your Japanese opponent asks you questions repeatedly, it will expose you more information. When you see from the minutes of the meeting, if the Japanese ask about the delivery progress six times and only ask about the service contract twice, they value the delivery time. The information you get from the Japanese needs to be carefully examined. If you ask the Japanese your quotation, they will say, "Oh, it looks good." It's possible that they think it's not good in their hearts. Let's explain these three unpredictable behaviors: collective decision-making, no one has the right to speak on behalf of the collective; Want to maintain a harmonious relationship; We can't understand those subtle negative clues, such as facial expressions and eyes. (Understand their main points by observing their inquiries)
To truly understand the necessity of establishing informal communication channels, it must be completed by lower-level administrative personnel, which is one of the reasons why there should be lower-level administrative personnel in the negotiation team. Here is an example to illustrate the importance of informal communication. A large American company sought to cooperate with a small Japanese company, but the negotiations failed to achieve results among senior executives. Although Japanese executives showed interest in many aspects, they still seemed hesitant, and the United States decided to adopt a "wait and see" strategy. But nothing happened after six months. Later, the lower level of American companies was invited by the lower level of Japan. After a cup of tea, the Japanese side explained the reason for the delay. "I have something to tell you, but my boss can't talk to your boss." He talked about the price and the name change of the company. In fact, if it had been raised earlier, the problem would have been solved long ago, but the Japanese side thought it inappropriate to raise objections to a high-ranking buyer at the negotiating table. On the contrary, it is polite to supply the Japanese. )
Chapter II of Japanese Business Negotiation Etiquette (1) Japanese people like odd numbers (except 9), but are afraid of numbers such as 4, 9, 13, 14, 19, 24, 42, etc., and are afraid of taking photos with three people.
(2) Family banquets are not popular in Japan, and cocktail parties are usually held in hotels for business banquets.
(3) Japanese people have the habit of doing things on the same day, with a strong sense of time and a fast pace of life.
(4) Japanese people have no habit of toasting each other. Drinking with the Japanese shouldn't persuade them to have a drink. Japanese don't receive guests in offices, but in meeting rooms and reception rooms.
(5) Japanese people are very taboo to ask about other people's wages.
(6) When sending flowers to the Japanese, never send white flowers. Chrysanthemum is a special flower for the Japanese royal family, and ordinary people can't give it away. Japanese people like cherry blossoms.
(7) Japanese love elegance and hate green. Avoid using patterns such as lotus flowers and foxes.
(8) In Japan, scratching the scalp by hand is a sign of anger and dissatisfaction.
(9) In Japan, stamps can't be posted backwards when sending letters, which means breaking up.
Japanese etiquette culture and taboos
taboo
Social taboo
Japanese don't receive guests in offices, but in meeting rooms and reception rooms. They will not easily bring people into the confidential office. Japanese people have no habit of offering cigarettes to each other. You should make an appointment to visit Japanese families in advance. You must take off your shoes when you enter the Japanese house. When visiting Japan, it is impolite to peep into the kitchen of the host's house. Japan has no habit of inviting colleagues home to interact with the whole family. Japanese never bring their work home, and wives regard it as a virtue not to participate in their husbands' career. Japanese like to smoke by themselves, and seldom take the initiative to respect you, because Japanese think cigarettes are harmful to health. Japanese people have a cold and cough and wear white masks when they go out.
Dress taboo
Japanese always cover their skirts to the right, but when they are buried, they should cover them to the left. Because in the underworld, which is completely opposite to the real world, the costume of the dead should also be opposite to the world. Therefore, Japanese people will not buy left-handed skirts, even international brands. When getting married, Japanese brides should avoid feather weaving if they wear traditional kimonos. Because women were forbidden to wear feather weaving during the Edo period, only geisha in Shenchuan were allowed to wear it later, so now brides never wear feather weaving at weddings. Breaking taboos will bring bad luck or belittle.
Language taboo
Japanese people have many language taboos, such as "bitterness" and "death", and even some homophonic words are taboo. For example, the number 4 is pronounced like death, and the pronunciation of 42 is the verb form of death, so hospitals and restaurants generally do not have beds and rooms of 4 and 42. Users' telephones are also forbidden to use 42, and prisons generally do not have cell 4. 13 is also a taboo number. Many hotels do not have 13 floors and 13 rooms, and Haneda Airport does not have 13 apron.
In wedding and other festive occasions, it is forbidden to say unlucky words such as going, returning, returning, leaving, breaking, thin, cold, shallow, ruined, heavy, repeated, broken and broken. When a store opens and a new store is completed, it is forbidden to speak fireworks, collapse, collapse, distortion, damage, decay and fire-related language. Don't talk about people's physical defects in conversation, and don't say words such as big, short, fat, bald, pockmarked, blind, deaf and dumb. , but the disabled are called physical disabilities, the blind are called eyes are not free, and the deaf are called ears are not free.
Gift giving taboo
When giving gifts, the Japanese often take this approach: giving gifts that are useless to the host, because the recipient can give them to others, and that person can also give them to a third party. Japanese people are very disgusted with things decorated with foxes and badgers, because cunning foxes are a symbol of greed. When visiting Japanese families, you can only bring 15 chrysanthemums, because only the royal hat badge has 16 chrysanthemums.
Dietary taboo
When eating, it is forbidden to put chopsticks in your mouth or tongue. It is forbidden to talk with food or stand up with something in your mouth, otherwise it will be considered rude. In different regions or families in Japan, there are still many taboos in Japanese diet. For example, some people avoid eating and cooking in the first month; Some villages or tribes don't eat chicken or eggs. However, when eating or drinking soup, noise is not taboo, but is welcomed by the Japanese. Because this kind of behavior is often considered as a sign that diners praise the food or eat it sweetly.
Banquet taboo
Banquets are not popular in Japan, and business people have no habit of bringing their wives to parties. A business banquet is a cocktail party held in a hotel. It is forbidden to talk loudly with people who are far away at a party. When speaking, it is forbidden to gesture, say sad or critical words.
It is forbidden to talk about politics, religion and other issues at banquets related to weddings, funerals and weddings. When you have to leave in the middle of a large banquet for some reason, don't keep it secret, otherwise it will make the host unhappy and disappoint others.
Commercial taboo
During the negotiation, the Japanese form an O-shape with their thumb and forefinger. If you nod, the Japanese will think that you will give him a sum of cash. In Japan, scratching the scalp with your hands is a sign of anger and dissatisfaction.
Color and flower taboos
Most Japanese believe in Shinto and Buddhism. They don't like purple and think it is a sad color. Most taboo green, think green is an ominous color. Japanese taboo lotus, think lotus is a funeral flower. Camellia and pale yellow and white flowers are forbidden when visiting patients. Japanese people are reluctant to accept things or gifts with chrysanthemums or chrysanthemum patterns, because it is a symbol of the royal family. Japanese people like pine, bamboo, plum, duck, turtle and so on.
well-behaved
First, the etiquette of meeting
Japan is a country that pays attention to etiquette. In daily life, people greet each other, such as "Hello, goodbye, please take care". Among the Japanese, the traditional greeting way is to take off your hat and bow. Usually bow to each other 30 degrees, 45 degrees. When we meet for the first time, we bow 90 degrees to each other. The degree of bow depends on the intimacy of your. The lower you bow, the more you respect him. Don't do this to foreigners, just nod your head gently. Meeting is usually introduced by others. It is considered impolite to introduce yourself, even at large parties.
Second, the etiquette of giving gifts.
Giving gifts is common in Japan. Whenever you visit a friend's house or attend a friend's party, you always bring some gifts. Gifts don't need to be expensive. You can bring some trinkets, key chains, high-quality chocolates and cupcakes to show your respect and goodwill. This has become a Japanese habit. However, you should pay attention to the packaging when giving gifts. Sometimes packaging is more important than gifts. Gifts, no matter how valuable, are often wrapped in three layers of wrapping paper. The color of gift wrapping paper is also very particular, black and white represents funeral, green represents ominous, and red wrapping paper is not suitable. It is best to wrap the gift with colored paper, and then tie a beautiful ribbon or paper rope after the gift is wrapped. Native products, handicrafts and gifts with practical value are all favorite gifts.
Giving gifts to each other plays a very important role in Japanese culture, so I often carry some small gifts with me in case I can give them back when I receive them. In addition, when you come back from going out, you'd better bring some local souvenirs (worth about $ 2-5) to friends or colleagues. It should be noted that when giving gifts, don't give "comb" or lend it to others casually, because the pronunciation of "comb" in Japanese is the same as "bitter death". Don't send white flowers, lilies, camellias and lotus flowers, because these flowers are related to funerals. It is best not to send potted plants, although some bonsai will be collected. Gifts should be given in odd numbers (except 9), and "4" is also taboo. Don't open the gift immediately in front of the guests to avoid embarrassment.
Third, the custom of taking off shoes
In Japan, when you enter a room, you are asked to take off your shoes and put on slippers to keep the room clean. When visiting a Japanese home, guests should take the initiative to take off their shoes and put on slippers prepared by their hosts. When entering the gate, going to the toilet, going to the kitchen and The Upper Terrace, you should put on special slippers, but you can only wear socks when entering the tatami room. Remember to wear clean socks without peculiar smell.
Fourth, food etiquette.
In Japan, you should say "I'm going to start eating" before eating, and say "thank you for your hospitality" after eating. Chopsticks are often used when eating, but it should be noted that chopsticks should not be inserted vertically into rice on any occasion, which is considered disrespectful and will only be done at funerals. After eating, put the chopsticks horizontally on the plate or put them back in the chopsticks box. You can't use chopsticks to pick up food for others, point at other things or people, move plates or bowls, stay in the air for too long, and don't fiddle with them at will. If chopsticks have been used, then use the other end of chopsticks to take the food from the used plate to your own plate. When you meet someone for the first time, you should hold wine in both hands and raise your arms over the table when eating.
It is considered impolite to eat with friends or colleagues in life. Don't eat alone when others are not eating. In addition, everyone should take turns to pour water for others, not just for themselves, which is impolite. If you finish drinking, fill your glass, which means you don't need water. Besides, everyone should share the cost of eating out equally. You don't need to tip when eating in restaurants and hotels.
Japanese table manners:
First of all, large pieces of food
Separate the food with chopsticks, take a bite, then put the rest back on the plate and enjoy the food at your own pace.
Second, propose a toast.
Traditional Japanese meals are usually accompanied by Japanese sake. Japanese people like to drink rice wine while eating. They usually start eating after toasting each other. Even if the guest doesn't want to drink, the spendthrift wants the guest to pretend to have a drink.
Third, Japanese tea.
Japanese love tea very much, and different kinds of tea will be served at different times in the same meal. Generally speaking, drink green tea before meals, and drink fried tea during and after meals.
Fourth, rice.
When eating rice, hold the bowl in one hand and chopsticks in the other, and hold the bowl to your mouth. Unlike sushi, white rice is generally not dipped in soy sauce.
Five, sushi
Pour the sauce into a small plate. Watch how much you use. In Japan, where resources are not abundant, waste is regarded as a very impolite behavior.
Generally speaking, there is no need to add green mustard to the sauce, because except for some sushi that does not need mustard, most sushi will add green mustard. If you like to add mustard yourself, it is polite to add a small amount, which is also a respect for sushi chefs. If you don't like mustard, you can explain in advance and order some sushi without mustard.
When eating sushi, it is best to eat one bite at a time. Eating a few times often destroys the delicate shape of food. In addition, you can eat sushi with your hands or chopsticks according to your own habits.
If you hold sushi, turn a piece upside down and immerse it in soy sauce, and the fish part is forward. Some new kinds of sushi should not be dipped in soy sauce, such as pickled sushi. If it is battleship sushi, the correct way to eat it is to pour a small amount of sauce on it, not dip it.
Six, sashimi
Pour the sauce into the prepared small dish. You can put some mustard on sashimi, but don't put too much, because it will destroy the original flavor of sashimi and may offend the sushi chef. Pick up sashimi and dip it in the sauce when eating. In addition, some sashimi need to be tasted with Jiang Mo instead of mustard.
Seven, miso soup
Pick up a bowl and drink soup. Pick up the soup with chopsticks and eat it.
Eight, noodles
Put the noodles in your mouth with chopsticks and you can eat them rhythmically. It's normal to make a noise when eating noodles in Japan, and it won't be considered impolite, so you can eat noodles boldly, as all Japanese around you do. When drinking noodle soup, you can use the spoon of the store or directly take a bowl to drink. In Lamian Noodles, the soup tastes very good. Personally, I always taste the soup before eating noodles.
Nine, Japanese curry rice
Rice food such as Japanese curry rice is wrapped in white rice (such as rice covered with a big bowl) and mixed with food. It may be inconvenient to hold it with chopsticks, so you can choose a spoon to eat it.
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