Cultivation and management technology of overwintering celery in greenhouse mainly adopts seedling raising and transplanting methods. This is beneficial to improve the yield and quality, improve the land utilization rate, reduce the cost, and ensure that the seedlings are complete and tidy. Seedlings should be transplanted in a plot with loose and fertile soil as a nursery pond, and the seeds should be treated before seedling raising, so that the seeds can fully emerge and the seedlings can flourish, which is beneficial to the vigorous growth of celery.
Growth period management: After the field planting is completed, the seedlings should be watered once, once every 2-3 days, and sprayed with a new high-fat film, which can effectively prevent water evaporation and seedling transpiration, isolate pests and diseases, shorten the seedling stage, quickly adapt to the new environment and grow healthily. After celery seedlings are delayed, it is necessary to control watering and squatting, generally squatting for about 15 days to promote the differentiation of roots and heart leaves. Spraying vegetable Zhuangganling at the right time can make the stems and leaves strong, the leaves fresh and tender, the plants luxuriant and the natural flavor rich. At the same time, it can improve the disaster resistance, reduce the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce the residual poison.
Fertilizer and water management: celery enters the growth period and grows faster, so it needs more fertilizer and water. During this period, it is necessary to keep the soil moist and provide celery with sufficient water and nutrition. During this period, irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer combined with water application were used. When topdressing urea, it can be dissolved in water in a bucket, and then irrigated in the field. The combination of water and fertilizer can make fertilization uniform, which is beneficial to the rapid development of fertilizer efficiency. Real-time root irrigation combined with micro-fertilizer can induce plants to absorb, digest and release nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements in soil, improve the positive energy of celery development and optimize the quality of celery.
Temperature and humidity management: control the temperature and humidity during the celery growing period. In winter greenhouse, the optimum growth temperature of celery is 15-20℃. When the temperature is too high, the growth of celery will stagnate or even die. If the humidity is high at the same time, celery is prone to diseases such as spot disease and leaf spot disease in high temperature and high humidity environment. Spraying a new type of high-fat film on leaves can keep moisture and prevent evaporation, prevent sun and drought, keep warm and prevent freezing, prevent soil hardening and suffocation, and isolate the source of pests and diseases.
Cold protection and heat preservation: the weather in northern China is cold, with cold current and cold air from time to time, and occasionally there will be a sudden drop in temperature. Because the suitable growth temperature of celery is 15-20℃, celery will not grow well when it is lower than 15℃ for a long time, so the main heat preservation measure for celery cultivation in greenhouse is to cover the grass curtain. If there is no cold current on sunny days, the straw curtain can be put away at 8: 00 or 9: 00 in the morning, which will not only help to raise the room temperature, but also increase the light and promote the growth of celery. Spraying a new high-fat film can prevent water evaporation, prevent bacterial infection, prevent freezing and keep warm.
Planting vegetables in greenhouses in winter, and raising seedlings after a few months first understand that greenhouses usually refer to greenhouses without back walls and greenhouses with back walls.
Generally speaking, fruits and vegetables must be planted in greenhouses. For example, the growth of cucumber at 13 below13 was inhibited, and several special varieties were at 8.
The temperature of tomato is complex, and the fruiting period is different from the vegetative growth period. Usually the temperature is about 5 degrees lower than that of cucumber.
If it is below minus 2 degrees, fruits and vegetables may be frozen.
Leaf vegetables are relatively frost-resistant, rape is resistant to -7 low temperature and celery is resistant to -5 low temperature. Chrysanthemum morifolium and cauliflower are also relatively resistant to low temperature.
Suitable for greenhouse planting
A few months later, celery was planted in Jiujiang. Celery is planted in the middle of June in the lunar calendar, and it is planted in the late July. As the celery seedlings in the seedbed grow up slowly, vegetable farmers gradually choose to plant bigger ones. This way, it can be planted from the end of July to the middle of September in the lunar calendar. Celery carried in this period can be eaten gradually from Mid-Autumn Festival to Spring Festival. Celery planted after mid-September needs greenhouse insulation and can be eaten after the Spring Festival, but it is not so fragrant. When it comes to cultivation techniques, celery likes to be cool and humid, but it is afraid of cold. Water it frequently when it is dry. Generally, it can be eaten after planting for about 40 days. In case of hot weather and dry climate, the time will be prolonged. Too cold will also prolong the time. Some people can't control it. Celery looks like a local dish, which not only has a long growth cycle, but also is not delicious or beautiful.
Personal experience
How to grow celery in greenhouse in winter;
1: cultivate strong seedlings
The greenhouse where solanaceous plants were planted last spring can be selected as seedbed. After the rain, ploughing should be done in early September and soil preparation should be done in mid-September. The amount of seeds used in the field is about 3kg/hm2. When sowing, no base fertilizer is applied (the greenhouse has sufficient fertility), the border is flat and about m wide, and the dry seeds are directly and evenly sown, and then the sunshade net is laid.
It is the autumn dry season and the soil is dry. After sowing and laying the net, spray water directly on the border with a small pump, and spray water every few days according to the soil moisture until seedlings emerge.
Covering the sunshade net can not only shade and moisturize, but also prevent soil hardening from affecting seedling emergence when spraying water. Generally, seedlings can emerge in 13 ~ 14 days. Seedling spacing should be done in time after seedling emergence, so as to prevent seedling crowding and ensure the uniform distribution of seedlings in Miao Zhuang. There are many typhoons and rainstorms in autumn, so it is necessary to build a small arch shed and cover it with a sunshade net during the rainstorm to prevent the rain from being washed away. Aphids often occur in celery seedling stage, and it can be controlled by cleaning with 1200 times 10% once. The standard of celery seedling is about 30 days, with 3 ~ 4 real leaves.
2. Transplanting and planting
One month before transplanting, apply organic fertilizer 15 ~ 30t/hm2 deeply in the greenhouse. Celery produced by applying organic fertilizer has less fiber and delicious taste, which is completely different from celery produced by applying chemical fertilizer alone. One week before transplanting, combined with soil preparation, 5t ternary compound fertilizer (15:15:15) and 5t phosphate fertilizer were applied per hectare.
165438+1transplant in the middle and late October, and water the seedbed the day before transplanting, so as to facilitate seedling emergence and reduce root damage. There are 5 beds in the 8-meter greenhouse, the bed width is m, the ditch width is m, the row spacing between plants is 8cm× 10cm, the net planting is about 1.25 million holes /hm2, and each hole is planted 1 plant, or the row spacing between plants is correspondingly expanded, and two plants are planted in a single hole.
When transplanting, celery seedlings should be the same size. Transplant the big seedlings first, and then transplant the small seedlings. It is forbidden to transplant large and small seedlings together, resulting in uneven growth of celery. After transplanting in dry land, water in time and close the greenhouse for 3 days to facilitate the survival of celery; One month after transplanting, when the plant is about 20cm high, apply ternary compound fertilizer once, with the dosage of 375kg/hm2, and then water it once. Water 2 ~ 3 times according to soil moisture during the growth period, and irrigate against drought to promote celery growth.
3. Greenhouse management
165438+ 10 In winter, the temperature and ground temperature decrease day by day. At the beginning of 165438+ 10, plastic film should be covered 10 days before transplanting to increase the temperature of plastic film shed and promote the growth of celery. During the whole growing period, both ends of the plastic film greenhouse were not covered and ventilated. According to the growth of celery, if it is difficult to be listed before the Spring Festival, you can open the shed during the day and keep warm at night to adjust the shed temperature to promote the growth of celery.
4. Harvest and listing
Celery can be harvested and marketed when the plant height reaches 40cm and the plant weight is about 35g in the middle of 10. Celery in the market requires uprooting, removing yellow leaves and washing the soil. All aspects of harvesting, loading and sales are wrapped with woven cloth to prevent celery stems from being entangled with straw ropes and affecting commodities.
Celery in greenhouse can also be planted directly, and the direct seeding celery is listed 10 ~ 15 days earlier than the transplanting celery. However, due to uneven sowing, different plant growth spaces, uneven celery growth, different plant sizes and poor commercialization. Direct seeding is rarely used to cultivate celery in greenhouse.
How many months do you plant coriander in greenhouse? How long can it be harvested after planting? Celery likes to be cold. The germination temperature of seeds is generally around 15 degrees. It can be planted in autumn and spring. Generally, seedlings are transplanted for about one month at the seedling stage and harvested 55-65 days after planting.
When is the best time to plant okra and when to harvest it? Planting time: from early April to late August, you can sow in the open field and harvest tender fruits that year; Using large and small sheds to cover seedlings can sow in early March and harvest tender fruits in advance. In the north, there are two cultivation forms: flat border or high border. Sowing in the first half of May and harvesting in July.
Sowing in North China is usually in the middle and late April to May. In northern cold areas, sunlight greenhouses and plastic greenhouses are often used to raise seedlings, and then they are planted in the fields after early spring and late frost.
Okra likes warmth and is afraid of frost. The whole growth period should be arranged in frost-free period, and the flowering and fruiting period should be in warm and humid seasons everywhere.
Matters needing attention in planting okra:
Spring sowing in April, hole sowing of seeds, covering with 2 cm soil, germinated 7 ~ 10 days after sowing, and germinated quickly and orderly. Seeds have the ability to sow themselves. When the seedling height is 10 cm, it can be thinned or transplanted. In June, leave seedlings per hole 1 plant. Fertilize 1 time every half month during the growing period to keep the soil moist. When the bud is formed, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are applied 1 times. Pay attention to setting supports when flowering to prevent the wind from lodging.
Sowing: direct seeding: after frost breaking, sow 2 rows in each border, with the hole spacing of 45-50 cm, sow 2-3 seeds in each hole, and leave strong seedlings in one hole after emergence. In order to improve the ground temperature and early emergence, sowing in early spring can be covered with plastic film or small arch shed.
Harvest time of okra: When the okra pods turn yellow, dry and crack at the top, they can be harvested. Okra is usually harvested within 1-2 hours after flowering and closing.
Notes for picking okra:
1. Okra takes about 60 days from sowing to forming the first tender fruit. The picking standard of commercial fresh fruit of okra is that the fruit length is 8 ~ 10 cm, the fruit surface is bright green, and the seeds in the fruit are not aging.
2. Usually, the tender fruits are harvested 4 days after the flowers wither, and the quality is the best. The yield per hectare is about 1500 ~ 3000 kg.
3. Okra only blooms for one day, and it is most suitable to pick it at 4-6 pm every day, which will damage the fruit early and wither at night.
When do you need to plant celery before the Spring Festival? When should we plant in September ~165438+1October, improve the greenhouse or solar greenhouse planting, and harvest in June ~1October ~ March.
Celery has a cool and humid climate and belongs to semi-cold-tolerant vegetables. Not resistant to high temperature.
Drying can withstand a short-term low temperature below zero. The lowest temperature of seed germination is 4℃, and the optimum temperature is 15 ~ 20℃. The germination is delayed below 15℃, and hardly germinates above 30℃. The seedlings can tolerate the low temperature of -5 ~-7℃ and belong to green vernalization plants. The seedling growth temperature of 3 ~ 4 leaves is 2 ~ 65438 00℃.
Celery has poor cold resistance and seedlings are not frost-tolerant. The suitable temperature for vernalization is 12 ~ 13℃.
Celery is cultivated in the open field in North China, and the climate suitable for celery growth is the longest in autumn, so the yield, quality and cultivation area are also the largest. Celery can also be planted in various protected areas to achieve annual supply. Generally, 65438 is planted in greenhouse in spring+0 ~ February, planted in late March ~ mid-April, harvested in late May ~ July, planted in autumn, planted in mid-June ~ early July, planted in spring in early August ~ mid-September, and harvested in June+08 ~ 65438+February. Generally speaking, protected cultivation is mostly planted in early July, mid-July to early August, planted in improved greenhouse or solar greenhouse in September ~165438+1October, and harvested in June ~ March.
If you grow beans and celery in the greenhouse in winter, can you grow watermelons? You can enjoy it in your father's garden.
A bumper harvest of vegetables
A bicycle, half a roll and half a pack of cabbage.
And green oil.