original text
In the wild goose, I am afraid of Meng, and the word is in the instrument. I am a taxi driver from Yunnan. Known as the wind festival, he is generous and confident about what is going on in the world and meticulous about people. Governing the Spring and Autumn Annals, knowing the screen is unique. For the simplicity of literature, there is a style of Hongzhi's ancestors. In 28 years, he was recommended by people in Renwu Township, Jiajing. Scholar Wei was appointed minister of punishments. Zhang Yanling was arrogant at that time and became a traitor at home and abroad; Tens of thousands of fishermen attacked Baoyu from Renshou Palace, hiding monks and magicians, cursing and inciting, hoping for evil. Things, who asked, are common sense and privacy, not true news. I was ordered to bow. But the alliance said, "I can't stand the chaos of Zhang. How does Dong Can show the world when he alleviates his sin? " Play. The public listened to the new scholar, but he did not avoid the powerful and shocked the capital. (Selected from Biographies of Jiangxi Ancient Literature Essentials Series, Biography of Mr. Fang)
To annotate ...
1, Yu Ning: the ancient name of Jiangxi-style Ning County.
2, next to the screen: insight and rejection of different explanations.
3, solid bending chisel: through cumbersome and incidental explanations.
4, tired: concise.
5. Hongzhi: the year number of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty, from 1488 to 1505.
6. noon in Jiajing: the first year of Jiajing in Ming Shizong (A.D. 1522).
7, get ... township recommendation: refers to the township exam first.
8. B Wei: Fourteen years of Jiajing (1535)
9. Yan Shu: refers to the eunuch in power.
10, fishing: exploitation.
1 1, Curse and Fan: Framing others with witchcraft spells.
12, ju: interrogation.
13, Tuotuo: the appearance of loyalty.
translate
Mr. Fang, whose real name is Tashi County, Yuning City, Yunnan Province. There has always been a kind of moral integrity, and the discussion of practical affairs in the world is passionate and self-respecting, and it is not easy to go with the flow. By studying Chunqiu, we can get rid of different explanations, get through complicated and additional explanations and get its essence. Writing articles is concise and clear, with the character of ancestors' literati during Hongzhi period. Twenty-eight years old, he was a scholar in Jiajing period (1522). At an early age (1535), he was admitted as a scholar and served as the minister of punishments. At that time, Zhang Yanling, a noble royal family, was arrogant and domineering, and the eunuchs who colluded with powerful people did evil inside and outside the court. The income from exploiting the people is calculated in tens of thousands, stealing Baoyu from Renshou Palace, secretly raising doormen and magicians, and using witchcraft spells to frame others with ulterior motives. When the incident was exposed, the officials who tried the case one after another were all sympathetic and did not know the truth, and reported it to the court. The emperor ordered a retrial of the case. The king consulted with him and said, "Zhang's crime is extremely heinous, and I feel deeply aggrieved. How can (investigating officials) convince people all over the world by hiding secrets and mitigating crimes? " In the end, he was brought to justice. As a new bachelor, Mr. Wang handled the case seriously, and his reputation of loyalty, righteousness and honesty shook the capital.
2. Classical Chinese "Biography of Lv Gongzhu" Lv Gongzhu, whose word is Hui Shu, is a teenager who is eager to learn and forgets to eat and sleep.
My father said, "I will be a public assistant one day." Ok, I'll serve Li Lang, be promoted to the first class, and call for a job in the library, so I won't.
Shen was called a bachelor of Hanlin, and Zhi Tong entered the silver case department. Sima Guang's theory of things was successful, but he also went through this process.
The public seal returned his life, saying, "Give it by promotion, because those who have words and responsibilities can't do it." A letter told naozhumen.
The official also said: "If you can't control your life from the door, you will be dismissed, depending on the minister. I hope that the minister's sin will be done. "
The emperor said, "Therefore, people who move to light rely on their advice, not words." I was invited by the public, but I was dismissed by the company.
Knowing the river and raising it, it is called retreating. The emperor treated Taoism calmly, so he reached the point of letting go of his old age and asked, "Is Yao and Shun so Taoist?" The emperor said, "Yao and Shun don't know?" The official said, "Yao and Shun are like this, but it is difficult to know people and protect them, so they are called Yao and Shun."
The emperor also said that Emperor Taizong could subdue his deputy with power and wisdom. Yes, he said, "The virtue of Taizong lies in being able to persuade people."
The emperor is good at words. Soon, I knew about the Privy Council.
If you want to be punished again, discuss the cause of death and give it a try. The public said, "If you try, you will be punished by corporal punishment." It's a stop.
Summer people are very quiet to their hosts and will ask them for it with great fanfare. Gong said, "The teacher who seeks sin should choose the handsome one first. If he can't find anyone, he might as well not raise them. " Enemy at the Gates, the people of Qin Jin were in great trouble, but the minister dared not speak, and he made several mistakes.
In five years, Yuanfeng left his post due to illness, except for Senior Minister Tang's bachelor and Dingzhou Anfu Ambassador. When Russia's Yongle City fell, the emperor came to the imperial court and sighed, "The border people are so tired and hurt, and Lv Gongzhu alone is my ear."
Zhezong acceded to the throne to serve the DPRK. Empress Dowager Tai sent messengers to meet her and asked her what she said, saying, "The emperor's original intention is to save the people's strength first.
However, the advocates serve the reform and invade the people, and exclude all people who are different from themselves, so the accumulated disadvantages are getting deeper and deeper. The law is enforced, and the people are even more trapped.
It is not difficult for Qi Xin to win an honest man and emphasize the benefits of the world. "For advice, before you come again.
In the first year of Yuan You, he worshipped the right servant of Shangshu and assistant minister of Ren Zhongshu. Use Sima Guang to assist the government, publicize the ambition of the first emperor, and hold up all those who want to reform but have no time to reform.
The people cheered and encouraged, convenient. A person in China, except an official, is a temporary choice.
The right division admonishes Jia Yi to criticize the minister with his words, and will severely punish him, make his words public, and stop knowing Huaizhou. "The gains and losses are not enough to say what the officials said.
When employing people in the spring and autumn, it will be prosperous. If he is worried about it, he will be confused and confused. It's because of the dispute between left and right. Don't let the host look down on those who are too lazy to talk. "They were all gasp in admiration.
In April of three years, Yuan You resigned, worshipped Sikong, and took charge of state affairs with Pingzhang Army. Next February, seventy-two.
3. Translation of ancient Chinese prose at the end of Han Dynasty and Lu Tanchuan;
Lutan word Baoheng, from Luoyang, Henan. Be an official in Henan and be a county commandant. At that time, He Nanyin (Chief Yin) Du told Lu Tan to stand under the hall and said, "A son has lost all his property by associating with the wicked. Why don't you investigate this matter?" Rutan said: "Whenever an official is clean, even senior officials don't have rich savings. Those who can accumulate money will definitely ask the people for money. If their children and grandchildren are good at keeping money, it is immoral for angels to have money. It is better to indulge their children and grandchildren to do immoral things and return the money to the people. " Du was surprised at his words and became more generous to him from now on.
Li Fu was appointed as the envoy of Zheng Liu, and the throne recommended Lutan as the provincial judge (the provincial judge, a subordinate official of the local governor). Xue Yingzhen, a prison officer appointed by the court, intervened in political affairs many times, but Rutan refused every time. There is a man who is good at playing the flute. The general and others like him. The general and others went to Li's house to ask him to hold an important official position. Li Fu asked Rutan what to do. Rutan said with a smile, "The general has been in the army for a long time, and he has accumulated a lot of promotion credit before he became a high official. How can he look down on himself and want to be an official with the flute player? " People are ashamed of hearing this and rush out to apologize to Rutan. After Li Fu's death, Rutan returned to Du Dong (Luoyang) to attend Li Fu's funeral, and later served as Shouzi county magistrate. The deadline for tax collection in Henan county has arrived, and people in the county complain that the silk products on board are not finished. Rutan went to the county government to ask for an extension of ten days, and the county government refused. Rutan told the people in the county that no matter the deadline, all they had to do was pay for textiles. Violation of the deadline is only a punishment for the county magistrate's salary. Therefore, the deer altar is famous far and wide.
Rutan was promoted to be a doctor of punishments for many times, and concurrently served as a supervisor of various affairs. The county commandant of Chixian (located in the capital, referring to Chang 'an and Wannian) was examined by the court, and Jing secretly saved him. The emperor sent eunuchs to release county commandant. Rutan told Zhong Cheng (an imperial commander Zhong Cheng) to review the procedures. The eunuch ran back and told the emperor, and the emperor said, "I should order the competent official first." The emperor immediately issued an imperial edict to release the county commandant. A few months later, Rutan was promoted to Cheng. At first, several roads (the names of administrative divisions in the Tang Dynasty, divided into ten roads) recalled their officers and presented their money to the emperor as a gift, so the emperor issued a pardon order, which was forbidden. Our ambassadors in Shannan, Liu Sheng and Yan Jimei, saw that Yan Jimei had violated the imperial edict and made a donation, and Lu Tan exposed his crime. Liu Sheng and Yan Jimei were dismissed from their posts, awaiting punishment. The emperor told Rutan, "These two men have contributed to family fortune, and I have promised to forgive them. I can't break my word. " Rutan said: "What is used to announce great achievements is pardon. Now that these two ministers have violated the imperial edict, how can your majesty lose big because of small! " The emperor said, "I'll take the money. What should I do? " Rutan said: "Take out the money and return it to the competent official to show your majesty's virtue." The emperor adopted his suggestion.
4. Classical Chinese "Biography of Lv Gongzhu" Lv Gongzhu, whose word is Hui Shu, is a teenager who is eager to learn and forgets to eat and sleep.
My father said, "I will be a public assistant one day." All right, I'll serve Li Lang, be promoted to first class, and call for a job in the library.
Shen was called a bachelor of Hanlin, and Zhi Tong entered the silver case department. Sima Guang's theory of things was successful, but he also went through this process.
The public seal returned his life, saying, "Give it by promotion, because those who have words and responsibilities can't do it." A letter told naozhumen.
The official also said: "If you can't control your life from the door, you will be dismissed, depending on the minister. I hope that the minister's sin will be done. "
The emperor said, "Therefore, people who move to light rely on their advice, not words." I was invited by the public, but I was dismissed by the company.
Knowing the river and raising it, it is called retreating. The emperor treated Taoism calmly, so he reached the point of letting go of his old age and asked, "Is Yao and Shun so Taoist?" The emperor said, "Yao and Shun don't know?" The official said, "Yao and Shun are like this, but it is difficult to know people and protect them, so they are called Yao and Shun."
The emperor also said that Emperor Taizong could subdue his deputy with power and wisdom. Yes, he said, "The virtue of Taizong lies in being able to persuade people."
The emperor is good at words. Soon, I knew about the Privy Council.
If you want to be punished again, discuss the cause of death and give it a try. The public said, "If you try, you will be punished by corporal punishment." It's a stop.
Summer people are very quiet to their hosts and will ask them for it with great fanfare. The duke said, "The teacher who seeks sin should choose the handsome one first. If he can't find anyone, he might as well not raise them. " Enemy at the Gates, the people of Qin Jin were in great trouble, but the minister dared not speak, and he made several mistakes.
In five years, Yuanfeng left his post due to illness, except for Senior Minister Tang's bachelor and Dingzhou Anfu Ambassador. When Russia's Yongle City fell, the emperor came to the imperial court and sighed, "The border people are so tired and hurt, and Lv Gongzhu alone is my ear."
Zhezong acceded to the throne to serve the DPRK. Empress Dowager Tai sent messengers to meet her and asked her what she said, saying, "The emperor's original intention is to save the people's strength first.
However, the advocates serve the reform and invade the people, and exclude all people who are different from themselves, so the accumulated disadvantages are getting deeper and deeper. The law is enforced, and the people are even more trapped.
It is not difficult for Qi Xin to win an honest man and emphasize the benefits of the world. "For advice, before you come again.
In the first year of Yuan You, he worshipped the right servant of Shangshu and assistant minister of Ren Zhongshu. Use Sima Guang to assist the government, publicize the ambition of the first emperor, and hold up all those who want to reform but have no time to reform.
The people cheered and encouraged, convenient. A person in China, except an official, is a temporary choice.
The right division admonishes Jia Yi to criticize the minister with his words, and will severely punish him, make his words public, and stop knowing Huaizhou. "The gains and losses are not enough to say what the officials said.
When employing people in the spring and autumn, it will be prosperous. If he is worried about it, he will be confused and confused. It's because of the dispute between left and right. Don't let the host look down on those who are too lazy to talk. "They were all gasp in admiration.
In April of three years, Yuan You resigned, worshipped Sikong, and took charge of state affairs with Pingzhang Army. Next February, seventy-two.
5. Notes on translation of Li Shaoweng's biography of classical Chinese: [1] Zhang Yu: County, county name and its administrative office are all in Nanchang, Jiangxi.
[2] Hanchuan and Yingcheng: county names, both of which belong to present-day Hubei Province. Both are counties adjacent to Jingling.
[3] Yan Yan: Yi Yin Xi è, meaning "blasphemy". Awkward words are light words.
[4] Wind vertigo: dizziness caused by exogenous common cold. Pass "Jue".
Corpse syncope refers to sudden syncope, unconsciousness and chills in limbs. [5] a dagger: the sound of a dagger is bǐ, a spoon, and a small spoon.
A spoonful, here refers to a spoonful of medicine. [6] Guido: It is usually called "fesr".
In ancient times, measuring instruments also referred to drugs. [7] Maharaja: a friend of Zhong Xing, a native of Jingshan (now Hubei).
Jingshan is also adjacent to Jingling. [8] Forced removal by age: at the end of one year.
[9] Wen said with a handful of glutinous rice Weng: Zan, this refers to the floorboard of dry rice. Mash lóo, wine.
Pay-as-you-go Xi m: ng, free of charge. [10] remnants of Mo Chi: the sound is shěn, juice.
Mo Chi's remnant refers to casual pen and ink. [1 1]β: the incarnation of sound x, grain, grain.
[12] This refers to an epidemic.
In the following, "epidemic ghosts catch people in the daytime" refers to ordinary people who died of epidemic diseases. [13] Yiyang geisha: a singer who sings Yiyang dialect.
Yiyang, the county name, belongs to Jiangxi now, and is the birthplace of Yiyang Opera in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. [14] The famous doctor in the Warring States period was also called Zheng people in Bohai County because he resembled the famous doctor in Huangdi Neijing.
When he entered Qin, the doctor of Qin, Li Yi (X: and), knew that his medical skill was not as good as his own, and sent someone to kill him. [15] Witness the existence of Tao: When you touch it, you will know where the Tao is.
6. Classical Chinese Lv Dazhong translated the original text, and translated the word (paragraph by paragraph) into Huayin, Jincheng and Berden. Han Jiang declared Shaanxi and encouraged Yong Xing Lu Yong with great righteousness. He changed the secretary and checked the words Privy Council official and armory. The big suggestion is: "raise troops and abuse the people, make the country use the Japanese to bend, cultivate the land in Han Dynasty, and make the Tang Dynasty." The army can be saved. "In order to sign this book, judges of the national army were appointed. Lv Dazhong entered Bo. He was a scholar in the imperial examination and was appointed as the viceroy of Huayin and the commander of Jincheng. When Han Jiang proclaimed himself Shaanxi, he took Lu Dazhong as the promotion and led the Volunteers of Yongxing Road. Later, he was appointed as a secretary to check the words of the Privy Council and the back room. Let Lu Dazhong analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the volunteers. " Lu Dazhong said: "The system of reclaiming farmland in the Han Dynasty and the system of official troops in the Tang Dynasty are all good methods. At present, the archer unit system is close to wasteland reclamation, and the volunteer unit system is close to the official army. Choosing a good way to use it can save huge expenses. " Lu Dazhong was appointed as the judge of the national army. Xi Ningzhong, Wang Anshi proposed to send envoys to all directions, set up border ditches, and Zhong Da and Fan Li were ordered to leave. Will cause trouble. Don't send it If the Khitan and Angela Liu discuss the North, they will lose their father. After the restoration, he knew Daizhou. The Khitan will make Xiao Su and Liang generations, and establish the second Chaohui. According to the chairman, Dazhong will compete with it, but it will move to the north of the Great Wall. In the west, he will go to the door of the cabinet to learn about Shizhou. Dazhong can count, understand elements, and know English. Every discussion is repeated. Zong Shen said, "What did you say about Qing?" He said, "Your Majesty's words are not official, so I'm afraid I can't gradually get up." He said: "it is very important for the country to put righteousness above family loyalty. I hope your majesty can consider it." When you are in power, you can't get away with it, but you can't decide whether to return to the third division, and your sense of justice will eventually lose control. Then you took the watershed as the boundary. Both men refused to travel. Lv Dazhong wrote five objections, arguing that improper application of the letter of benevolence and righteousness in other countries will inevitably lead to disaster. The court relieved him of his appointment and did not send him. He was also ordered to go to Khitan with Angela Liu to discuss the northern region, which coincided with his father's death (no mission). Later it was reused and appointed as Daizhou. Xiao Su and Liang Ying, the Khitan envoys, arrived. Then they moved their headquarters to the north of the Great Wall. Later, Lu Dazhong was appointed as the ambassador of the West Gate and the magistrate of Shizhou. Lu Dazhong met with Xiao Su and Liang Ying for many times. Every time he negotiated, he often persuaded Xiao Su and Liang Ying to make some concessions. Later, the Khitan sent messengers to demand the cession of the North. Emperor Zongshen called the ruling ministers to discuss the matter with Lu Dazhong and Angela Liu, and intended to agree to their request. Zongshen said, "What are you talking about?" Lu Dazhong replied, "Your Majesty doesn't agree with me, but I'm still worried that I can't open the door." Angela Liu said: "Lu Dazhong's words are in line with the plan to stabilize the country. I hope your majesty will carefully consider his words. " Knowing that their views could not be changed, the ruling minister dismissed Angela Liu from his post and sent him back to the post of the Third Division. Lu Dazhong also ended his mourning. In the end, the two countries took the watershed as the boundary. Yuan Fengzhong, a transit judge in Hebei Province, said, "The ancients managed their finances and regarded the world as a family. The family of the imperial court and the brothers who plan outside live in different places, but their wealth is the same. Now, some officials only know the name of the cashier, but they don't tell the truth about it. So if they have enough money, they will take it away. This is a catastrophe. " During the Yuanfeng period, Lu Dazhong was appointed as the transfer judge of Hebei Province, saying: "In ancient times, the world was a family in financial management. The imperial court is like a family, and the places managed outside are like brothers, but their financial status is no different. At present, the competent department only knows the name of expenditure and income, but has not told the emperor the truth. So wherever there is surplus, they collect it from where there is deficiency. This is really a great hidden danger. " So I stated twelve things about making money and supporting the people. I was transferred to Huaixi prison. At that time, another locust plague occurred on the Yellow River levee. Lu Dazhong entered the DPRK to answer Wang's questions and discuss the disaster situation in detail. The emperor wrote a letter to restore his position. At the beginning, I knew Yuan You, Dr. Li Gongbu, Shaanxi Transportation Agreement and Shaanxi Province, and I knew Qin Zhou through Long Ting. God will give it to you. Great advice: "Summer people are strong, vertical, and sleepy. Nowadays, Yang is obedient, and they are really afraid of crusade. It is appropriate to order border officials to comment on their reasons for coming. If they only ask, they will have a glimpse of me. " In the early years of Yuan You, Lu Dazhong successively served as a doctor of the Ministry of Industry, a transshipment ambassador in Shaanxi and a magistrate in Shaanxi, and took the status of Zhili Tuge. Xixia intends to send an envoy to apologize (asking for the restoration of old coins), and Emperor Zongshen is ready to promise him. Lu Dazhong said: "Xixia people are indulgent when they are strong, and they are submissive when they are weak. Now they appear to be resigned, but in fact they are afraid of crusade. Border officials should be ordered to blame them for their coming. If they ask us for it, Xixia people will see through our reality. " People liked it and rushed to transport the millet to the warehouse, but left at a loss, which was welcomed by more than one million. At that time, the county government bought the grain of Bai surname, and the rich family took the opportunity to control it (for selfish reasons). Lu Dazhong chose his colleagues to go into the official warehouse with him early in the morning (to buy grain), even if there was only one bucket and one liter, he accepted it, so that there was no obstacle to collecting grain. Take the money and leave. Finally, he got more than one million tons of grain. Ma Juan took the scholar as the first to enter the shogunate and claimed to be the champion. Dazhong said, "Those who have not been removed from the official position are not allowed to be judges. Today's imperial examination is useless, and self-cultivation is not allowed.
7. For Yu Qian's classical Chinese biography, please define the field of Buddhism and Taoism. People don't exceed ten acres, and the rest are distributed to the poor. From it. Yongle was first called Shao Qing of Dali Temple. Letters will come from time to time. In Wen Jian, those who say that they have changed the old system are familiar with it. Modesty is to confess before you say anything. Seeing his humility, the emperor smiled and said, "This gentleman is old and Buddha's ear." Shi Fu asked. However, the system of restricting fields by monks and Taoists has actually disappeared. Duchayuan's charges of fraud are accurate.
The examples cited by Hong Wu are too thin to generalize. Zou Qian: "The imperial edict has no intention of condemnation, and fraud is the staff." The emperor followed it. The disaster in Cang Wei, Tianjin, burned hundreds of thousands of stones. The suggestion that the owners misappropriate more and set themselves on fire. If you arrest hundreds of people, you should compensate the dead. Modesty and extravagance will be reduced.
In seven years, the emperor toured the north, and the crown prince played modesty as the right deputy capital. Next year, let's give Du Xun Huai, give Feng Zai rent-free and redeem the children. I beg your pardon next year, and the Prince said, "The army and the people are in great need, but your Majesty and others calmly ask for help. How can Ji An be like a man? " Looking for the grain of Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Songzhu, it was defeated by South, Beijing, Xuzhou and Huai 'an. Rich people have points, the rate is close to the ground, and poverty is far away. Money is suggested to be divided into four grades: the least grain is transported to Beijing, the least grain is transported to Xuzhou, the more grain is transported to Nanjing and Huai 'an, and the less grain is kept at home. People benefit from it. Moreover, the floods in Xuzhou and Lvliang made navigation difficult. Please give your husband a salary increase of 200 pounds a month. Niu Yi, an official, listens to the people in his spare time to plow the fields, and the ship supports him. People find it convenient. If you try to transport wood, you will suffer from a pandemic. Modest order to disperse, epidemic rest. A few days later, I got the opportunity to be the governor of Zhejiang.
Injong acceded to the throne, recalled and changed to Dali Temple. After Lu was promoted, he valued Cheng very much, and Qian recommended Yan Ben as the temple owner. The emperor's attitude towards the prison is cautious, and modesty is also carefully exerted. Where the Ministry of Justice and Sifang were imprisoned, I humbly asked for peace and waited for four replies. The sommelier said, "He has no regrets, but I have no regrets." Seven things that should be said in a taste letter are all related to current events. Others say that what they say is not a secret, and the city is grateful to the outside world. The emperor was very angry and drove Shao Qing down. One day, Yang Shiqi finished playing and never came back. The emperor asked, "What do you want to say? Is it because of Yu Qian? " Because of his hypocrisy, Shi Qi was modest and prudent in dealing with the Three Dynasties, and won the title of minister. The emperor said, "I regret it, too." He was reinstated. Xuanzongli said modestly: "Under the old system, all those who committed capital crimes were sentenced to life imprisonment. Today's crimes are different, and it is appropriate to divide the years according to the severity. " Report it. Xuande died in March of the following year. Modest, elegant and dignified. Painting poetry, conceit is the only hope. Su Zan, assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, is humble and persistent, so he is tall and big.