To do a good job in career planning, we should analyze three aspects: 1, which occupation/job I am suitable for; 2. Can my company provide such a position and career path? 3. It is suitable for one's occupation and urgently needed by social development.
It is the key and foundation of career planning to study which occupations/jobs you are suitable for; To answer this question, we should consider the following factors: 1, my career development stage, 2, my career orientation, 3, my skills, 4, my professional anchor, 5, my professional interest.
There are four stages in life and career development:
1, exploration stage: 65438+between 05 and 24 years old;
2. Establishment stage: between the ages of 24 and 44, this stage is the core part of most people's work cycle. This stage includes three sub-stages, namely, the trial sub-stage (between 25 and 30 years old), the stable sub-stage (between 30 and 40 years old) and the mid-career crisis stage (at some point between 30 and 40 years old);
3. Maintenance stage: 45 to 65 years old;
4, the decline stage: over 66 years old, when retirement is approaching. People at different stages of career development have different things to consider. For example, in the exploration stage, you can try to explore more and find out your career orientation, career anchor point, career interest and so on. In your work, gradually find the most suitable career for you. People over the age of 40 should not try too much. They should carefully analyze their career orientation and career orientation, and choose an advantageous career for long-term planning. The age division here should also be differentiated according to different occupations. For example, in China, as a professional football player, he should retire at the age of 30; As a professor, 30 is almost the youngest.
Holland's research found that different people have different personality characteristics, and different personality characteristics are suitable for different occupations. Holland divided them into six professional orientations (types): 1, practical orientation, 2, research orientation, 3, social orientation, 4, conventional orientation, 5, enterprise orientation, 6, and artistic orientation. Each occupation is suitable for a certain number of occupations. Through a series of tests, a person's career orientation can be determined. If a professional determines his career orientation, he can choose from a number of corresponding occupations.
Career anchor is another factor that must be considered in career planning. When a person has to make a career choice, the most important thing in his career, and he will never give up, is the career anchor. Career anchor is the center of people's career choice and development. Everyone has his own professional anchor, and the factors that affect the professional anchor are: 1, talent and ability; 2. Work motivation and demand; 3. Life attitude and values.
Talent is the genetic gene at work, other factors are influenced by congenital factors, but more by acquired efforts and environment, so the career anchor will change. This is not the same as professional orientation. For example, a doctor of medicine who has been a surgeon for 20 years, although his career orientation may not be suitable for being a surgeon, will basically not consider changing careers when determining his career, because his career is anchored at work. Edgar. When studying professional anchors, Shien divided them into the following categories: 1, technical or functional professional anchors; 2. Manage the career anchor; 3. Creative professional anchor; 4. Independent professional anchor; 5. Safe career anchor.
When making career planning, you should also consider your own professional interests, such as: like to travel (suitable for occupations that travel frequently); Like warm and humid climate (suitable for working in South China); I like to make my own decisions (I should be my own boss); Like to live in a medium-sized city; Don't want to work in a big company; Like to wear casual clothes to work; I don't like working behind a desk all day. In addition, my professional skills can not be ignored. If someone has an outstanding skill, it can bring them income, which should be an important factor to consider when making a career plan.
In addition to studying what career/job you are suitable for, you should also consider what positions my company may offer you and choose those positions that suit you. If this company doesn't have a job that suits you, or your company can't provide a job that suits you, you should consider jumping ship. As the manager of the company, it is the responsibility to guide employees to do a good job in career planning and give employees a suitable career path. In this way, enterprises can make the best use of their talents; Employees can try their best to serve the company.
When planning your career, you should also look to the future. What will happen in ten years after studying your present job? Whether a person's occupation will increase or decrease in the future social demand. Will your competitive advantage in the future society gradually weaken with your age? Among the occupations that suit you, what are the urgent needs of social development? Wait a minute.
Considering the above three factors, I can make my own career plan.
1. How to make a plan
Planning and design of career development
First, analyze the role and position.
Bai Ling, chief consultant of Bailing Studio, said that to formulate a clear implementation plan, we must first define our own positioning. Be sure to be clear about what you want to do according to the plan; You should be clear about your professional environment and what kind of development opportunities you will have; Whether you are working or starting a business in the future, you need to reserve development space for your future.
To reflect personal value, we must first clarify personal value. Know what you want to do and what you can do. All people in the workplace should ask themselves: what is my position, what is my core competitiveness and what is my value? These can be evaluated through their own professional environment, and their salary value in this industry can be measured and determined. Generally speaking, measuring personal value is based on its own market competitiveness on the one hand and market demand on the other. The basic elements of competitiveness are personal qualities (including knowledge, experience, skills, experience and ability to solve problems and deal with interpersonal relationships), work performance, position level, popularity and so on.
Second, according to their own characteristics and realistic conditions, establish their own career goals.
Career planning expert of chinahr. com. Com said that for people in the workplace, work can be divided into continuity and stages. Many people don't have a clear and detailed plan for their career development during the annual transition. When planning, we should start with the career development prospects and professional environment. Are you going to change your professional environment? Are you going to improve your position? Whether you plan to raise your salary, etc. should be included in your own considerations and make detailed indicators.
Three, the goal of detailed decomposition, formulate operational short-term goals and the corresponding education or training plan.
The possibility of becoming a boss from a small clerk is really slim, so it is undoubtedly the most practical career planning scheme for everyone in the workplace to formulate a step-by-step operation goal that can be gradually realized. Dividing time by quarter is the most convenient way to operate. At the same time, it should be noted that it is wise to set detailed goals, but if the goals are too detailed, it will not be conducive to the smooth operation of career development. Because unpredictable factors and other trivial matters in the workplace will disrupt your development plan.
Four, according to personal needs and changes in reality, constantly adjust the career development goals and plans.
It is often said in the workplace that plans can't keep up with changes. For the problems and environment you encounter, you need to adjust your development plan in time. The unchangeable development plan sometimes exists in name only.
Job seeker planning and design
Jane Wise, senior vice president of Worry-Free Future, said that it is necessary for those who plan to find a job next year to make a feasible development plan.
First, directly aim at the recruitment company and select those positions and enterprises that suit you from professional recruitment websites, newspapers and other media.
Second, tell your acquaintances about your career plan and let him? She? Students help themselves to know the relevant people and learn about the existing vacant positions through them. If you just graduated from school or are about to graduate, try to discuss the future with your teacher. I believe that no one knows your abilities, ambitions and interests better than your tutor.
Third, don't despise small companies. Most of the vacant positions come from small but fast-growing companies. Although large companies usually make a big splash and are willing to spend a lot of money when recruiting employees, going to a small company with good prospects has a much higher success rate and much more room for personal development. Therefore, we should pay special attention to those small companies that are growing rapidly. They don't put on airs, so you can easily get in touch with the top management of the company.
If you are looking for a job, you can find a work partner. The difficult and lonely job search process can easily lead to disappointment and frustration. You must face the dilemma of being rejected. However, partners can encourage and comfort each other.
Fifth, design an online resume. Job seekers can learn about the current situation of companies and industries through the internet. On the one hand, you can determine your own job search direction; On the other hand, they can understand the cultural characteristics and employment requirements of industries and companies. In addition, regardless of whether individuals are eager to change jobs at present, they should keep up with the development of the industry at any time.
Sixth, cherish every message sent to you by HR manager, and let the employer leave a good impression on himself. Job seekers can even prepare an outline in advance, imagine which part of the resume HR manager will be interested in, and list what they want to express in an orderly way.
Seven, summarize the reasons for setbacks. Although many times the personnel manager won't tell the reason for losing the job, he still has to constantly reflect on his job search process. It is wise to design multiple sets of job-hunting schemes for yourself, each with its own emphasis. In the process of job hunting, many unexpected little things will make you unprepared, so a good job hunting method is sometimes more important than your ability.
8. Make a budget for finding a job. The process of finding a job needs to spend some money on collecting recruitment information, driving and even career counseling and dressing up, so, especially when you haven't found a job, "calculate" how long the money on hand can support you in finding a job.
Postgraduate career planning and design
The first step to bid farewell to the campus and go to society is to make a scientific and reasonable plan for your career. Ren Zhanzhong, director of Peking University Graduate Employment Guidance Center, pointed out that career design should combine subjective and objective conditions and follow four steps:
First, determine your ambition. Having a clear career development direction is the primary factor for graduates to move towards social employment. Clear direction is also the basic prerequisite for career success. Determine what you want, and then work in this direction.
Second, accurate self-assessment and analysis of objective conditions. In the career planning of graduates, accurate self-positioning is very important. In fact, this job should not be considered for graduates who have already faced "one foot in the door". All college students should pay attention to this observation and summary. Self-evaluation should include: interests, personality, skills, specialties, ways of thinking, etc. And self-knowledge should be combined with other people's evaluation. Externally, we should analyze the social environment. In various occupational and organizational environments, we should pay attention to the characteristics, development and changes of environmental conditions, the relationship between ourselves and the environment, the favorable and unfavorable factors of the environment and so on. Only by adjusting the degree of connection between one's own conditions and objective conditions can we seek advantages and avoid disadvantages in career development planning and make career planning more practical.
Third, the formulation of career goals should be reasonable. Judging from the current employment environment, when choosing career development goals, it is forbidden to be greedy for high and quick. It is necessary to ensure that the goal is moderate, but not too high or too low, combine long-term goals with short-term goals, and finally achieve long-term goals through continuous realization of short-term goals.
Four, formulate action plans, assessment measures, and evaluation, feedback and adjustment. After the career development goal is determined, a series of development plans should be adopted to ensure the realization of the goal. There will be frequent changes in career development. Considering many factors that affect career planning, it is necessary to evaluate and revise career design. The contents of revision can include career re-selection, career route re-selection, revision of life goals, changes in implementation measures and plans, etc.
2. How to implement the plan
After making a series of career development plans, how to finally implement them is a problem that every planner must consider and face. A good plan can't be carried out smoothly without detailed rules for its implementation.
Role analysis
When a preliminary career planning scheme has been formed, if the maker is currently working in a unit, then further promotion is very important for him. The first thing to do is to analyze the role. Reflect on the personal requirements and expectations of this professional environment, and how to make yourself stand out in the unit.
Most people are prone to numbness in long-term work and are not clear about their roles. However, just as any product should have its own unique positioning and selling point in the market, the incumbent must make himself outstanding so that his value and achievements can be reflected and recognized.
Dealing with workplace variables
According to the customer survey of Ke Rui Career Counseling Customer Service Center, the active workplace in June 5438+February will definitely bring a lot of talent flow. Professionals in this ever-changing workplace, how to ensure that they always follow the trend is the focus of attention. How professional people behave in a variable, that is, against the wind, will be the key to whether a professional person can have enough development momentum next year or even longer.
Professionals who face variables and respond are often middle-level people. They will be less sensitive to changes in the workplace (especially changes in the workplace value system) because of temporary job stability. Therefore, many professionals lack sufficient resilience to cope with changes in the workplace, which leads to difficulties in career development.
Some people suffer from the "cap" of salary, but their professional value is in a state of decline and their development is in jeopardy; In addition, more people are basically satisfied with their current career status, but they are not sure how to further develop in the next stage and find what platform is more suitable for them, so they fall into a state of career stagnation between hesitation and fear. According to reports, 40% of the consulting cases of career consultants are because they can't clearly define the appropriate work goals, and they have encountered waterloo in job-hopping. Finally, they dare not face the result of career stagnation caused by re-competition in the workplace.
The successful rule to deal with the complicated information and changing choices in the workplace is to establish an effective information sorting, analysis and screening system, and then plan your career reasonably according to your own competitiveness. Only in this way can we achieve the other side of career success with good workplace sensitivity in the process of career development.