① Single tube method
A. Construction machinery: single-pipe construction machinery mainly includes steam pile driver or diesel pile driver, pile pipe with steel pile boots with baffles or precast reinforced concrete tapered pile tips (left in soil) at the lower end, and gravel hopper.
B. Construction technology: The construction steps of single pipe method are as follows:
Step 1: Close the pile shoe and vertically position the pile tube.
Step 2: Sink the pile pipe into the soil to a depth greater than the design elevation 10-20cm.
Step 3: Fill the pile pipe with sand and water with a funnel. When the amount of sand filling is large, it can be done twice. Fill 2/3 for the first time, and fill the remaining 1/3 after the pile pipe is lifted from the soil layer. If irrigation is inconvenient, compressed air can also be used to connect the vent pipe to the catheter and seal the nozzle, so that sand can fall into the hole under the action of compressed air to form a sand pile.
Step 4: After all the sand falls into the hole, lift the pile pipe out of the soil layer according to the specified speed of lifting the pile pipe.
② Double-tube method
A. Construction machinery: Double-pipe construction machinery mainly includes steam pile driver or diesel pile driver, outer pipe (casing) with open bottom and inner pipe (core pipe) with closed bottom, crawler crane and sand hopper, etc.
B. Construction technology: The construction steps of double-pipe method are as follows:
Step 1: vertically position the pile pipe;
Step 2, sinking the hammered inner pipe and outer pipe into the soil layer to the designed depth by an impact hammer;
Step 3: Lift the inner tube and inject sand or gravel into the outer tube. The pipe lifting speed is generally1.5-3.0m/min;
Step 4: put down the inner tube and lift the outer tube, the height of which is less than the height of sand filling;
Step 5: impact the injected sand with the inner tube to make it compact;
Step 6: After checking that the penetration reaches the specified requirements, lift the inner pipe (namely the core pipe) and inject sand into the outer pipe;
Step 7: Repeat the above steps 4-6 until the pile pipe is pulled out of the ground.
The above is the introduction of hammering and piling construction technology provided by Zhong Da Consulting for architects. For more knowledge of architectural terminology, please pay attention to the architectural knowledge column of Zhong Da Consulting.
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