Don't think that you can "roughly understand" the original text, plus a dictionary, you can do translation. Information is bound to be lost in the process of communication. We may understand the meaning by listening to people "intermittently", but this does not mean that the meaning of the original text can only be expressed through the fragments we receive. Moreover, if these "fragments" are expressed again, there will still be losses-in this way, the readers of the translation can only accept "fragments of fragments" and naturally cannot understand them.
Good English reading ability means that you can basically understand the original text completely and accurately, including the ideas to be conveyed by the article, the exact meaning of words, the organization of structure and other "implication" contents, such as puns and allusions, so as to ensure that the translated readers can accept as much information as possible from the original text. Of course, it is very difficult to do this, but we can't ignore this information-at least we can feel that you may not understand the story, but at least we can judge that there is an story here.
Without English reading ability, translation is often impossible:
The longest bar (selling drinks) translates as "the longest bar (selling drinks)". As we all know, bar can mean "bar, bar, bar", and the original author knows this. In order to avoid confusion, it was specially marked as "selling drinks", so it was naturally "bar", which translated as "bar selling drinks", but the original text was incomprehensible.
There is nothing wrong with the translation of economics from one class to another, but if we have basic English reading ability, we will know that the real meaning should be "economics that can be explained clearly in one class" (more bluntly, it can be said that "economics knows everything", of course, this is another story).
Secondly, we should have a good dictionary.
Thirdly, we should have the ability to accumulate knowledge and find information.
The content of the article is very extensive, and it is not the original author's obligation to consider the acceptance of the target readers. At this time, the translator must make some introductions, supplements and cohesion in order to accurately convey the meaning of the original text. At this time, knowledge accumulation is very important: because we can't predict what kind of background knowledge we need in advance and achieve "precise preparation", we can only accumulate more in a certain direction every day. The more accumulation, the greater the possibility of complement and cohesion, and the less difficult it is.
Finally, we should continue to cultivate our sense of language.
Many people have said that "the problem of translation lies in Chinese". I agree with this point with reservations: if the skin doesn't exist, how can the hair attach? Only under the premise of realizing the above three aspects will the problem of "Chinese" appear; However, the problem of "Chinese" is really big and important.
In addition to the neatness of words and structures that people often mention, I think that to solve the problem of "Chinese", we must break the pattern of "conditioned reflex" and "convention" in daily life and try our best to find and grasp the subtle differences: what does this sentence mean (for example, what does our common "realization" mean)? Can one expression be replaced by another (it can be said that "the construction of the road has greatly improved the traffic efficiency" or "the traffic efficiency has been greatly improved after the road is repaired")? Under what circumstances can two seemingly unrelated words be replaced (the "predictable" plot and the "same" plot are actually the same thing)? The same word can actually express several different meanings (have you noticed that "original" originally has two meanings, one is "before" and the other is "unexpected") ...
Thinking about such questions often will yield a lot, and the translation will be more handy.