According to the internal psychological mechanism of transfer, learning transfer can be divided into assimilation transfer, adaptation transfer and reorganization transfer. Assimilation transfer refers to the direct application of the original cognitive experience to a class of things with the same essential characteristics without changing the original cognitive structure, so as to reveal the meaning and function of new things or to incorporate new things into the original empirical structure.
In the process of assimilation and migration, the original cognitive structure has not changed substantially, but has been enriched. For example, the concept of "fish" in the original cognitive structure consists of hairtail, grass carp and yellow croaker. At present, it is necessary to learn eel and incorporate it into the original structure of "fish", which not only expands the concept of fish, but also obtains the significance of the new concept of eel.
Adaptive transfer refers to the application of the original cognitive experience to the new situation, and it is necessary to adjust the original experience to sum up the old and new experiences, so as to form a higher-level cognitive structure that can accommodate the old and new experiences to adapt to the external changes. For example, after learning addition, solve the problem of addition with addition.
Reorganization and migration refers to regrouping some elements or components in the original experience system, adjusting the relationship between components or establishing new connections, so as to apply them to new situations. For example, after some crude oil dances and gymnastics movements are adjusted or reorganized, new dances or gymnastics movements are arranged.
Connotation of assimilation and migration
Assimilation transfer refers to the direct application of the original cognitive experience to a class of things with the same essential characteristics without changing the original cognitive structure. The original cognitive structure has not changed substantially, but has been enriched. Adaptive migration means that when the original experience structure cannot bring new things into its structure, it is necessary to adjust the original experience or summarize the new experience.
Whether students can acquire new knowledge mainly depends on the existing concepts in their cognitive structure. Meaningful learning can only happen through the interaction between new information and existing concepts in students' cognitive structure. The result of this interaction leads to the assimilation of the old and new knowledge meanings, and he only emphasizes the interaction between the old and new meanings.