1 Characteristics of current project cost management
The basic content of project cost management is to reasonably determine and effectively control the project cost. Such a simple sentence actually contains extremely rich content. It should not only provide the basis for the construction party to determine the project cost reasonably, but also provide the supporting service system for the construction party. The current project cost management has the following remarkable features:
(1) covers a wide range of contents.
At present, Zhejiang Construction Engineering Cost Management Station is organizing the compilation of new valuation basis and valuation method in an orderly manner, and preparing to build the following three systems: the whole standard system of engineering construction quota is vertically divided into construction quota → budget quota → budget quota → investment estimation index, and extends to both ends based on budget quota, which can be improved and refined. It can be subdivided by specialty: construction, installation, municipal administration, gardening, house repair, cost and so on. The price of the genius machine can't be measured by numbers alone. According to the unified coding of 16 bits of the talent machine, it can reach as many as 10 15, which shows that the current pricing system is indeed a huge data processing transfer station.
(2) Cost management permeates each other and has a strong cross-cutting.
As can be seen from the system constructed above, the original professional quota is the basis of the current "bill of quantities" pricing reform model, and it is also the accumulation of valuable data for compiling consumption quota. The ultimate goal of the current pricing model reform is to completely separate quantity from price. Without the real-time price of human resources, the project cost cannot be determined with quantity, so the material price system is the soul of the whole pricing system, which is not only unique, but also runs through the whole process of cost control. Information is short-lived. In the current reform process, the unchangeable price system under the planned economy model has lagged far behind the social demand, and computer-aided management system is an indispensable and powerful technical means to realize full cost management.
(3) Strong sense of the times and quick innovation.
The 265,438+0th century is an era of continuous innovation of new materials, new technologies, new structures and new technologies in China's construction field. Therefore, project cost management also has obvious characteristics of the times, which not only needs to be in line with international standards in terms of mode, but also needs to be adjusted, sorted out and released in light of the endless new situation. Dynamic management means inevitably requires the establishment of regional, departmental and even national cost management information systems.
2 the impact of information technology on project cost management
So far, information technology has covered all fields of project cost management. Taking the traditional methods and means of engineering budget preparation as an example, the practitioners who have been engaged in cost management for many years have a deep understanding: when preparing the engineering budget in the early stage, the whole procedure must take a long time, which is not only complicated but also complicated and prone to errors.
In the early 1990s, with the deepening of computer application, budget software gradually replaced the previous manual calculation. However, due to the relatively immature technology, most of them are used as operating platforms, which makes human-computer interaction extremely inconvenient, and the final report form is relatively simple, so it is impossible to change the format at will. However, it should be affirmed that computers have gradually liberated people from boring manual labor and played an increasingly important role. In the late 1990s, information technology developed by leaps and bounds. On the one hand, it is computer hardware. On the other hand, the supporting software technology is constantly maturing and developing. Not only has the calculation ability of the budget software been greatly improved, but the user interface based on the window platform is more friendly and the operation is more convenient and intuitive. A professional skilled in operating budget software can shorten the original whole process to one or two hours, greatly improving labor efficiency, and the budget results can be analyzed and combined from different angles. It can be seen that the development of information technology has improved the calculation conditions, increased the speed of information circulation, and promoted the deepening and diversification of the application of computers in the engineering cost management industry. On the contrary, the deepening of project cost management has put forward new requirements for information technology, and the two have mutual influence and interactive development.
3 integration of information technology and future project cost management methods
As we all know, the application of information technology in engineering cost is mainly based on the modern management of computer-aided management system. Specifically, it can not only improve the accuracy of budget preparation and use more abundant, timely and accurate material prices while maintaining the original work efficiency, but also extend to the whole process of project cost management, that is, make investment estimation from the feasibility analysis of the project. Carry out estimation, budget, audit, stage settlement and final accounts, establish cost indicators by accumulating the data of completed projects, and then guide the investment estimation, budgetary estimate and budget of new projects, which is conducive to decision-making and effective control of fund use; At the same time, information technology is also widely used in management, engineering calculation, quota compilation, index collection and analysis, cost information network construction and so on.
(1) quota editing software.
Assist the engineering cost management department to maintain the quota database, directly generate the required typesetting format when compiling the quota, reduce the workload of quota compilation, shorten the typesetting time and reduce human errors.
(2) Budget software and supporting auxiliary software.
At present, the technology of engineering budget software has been quite mature and widely used, and its function has been extended from simple package price to many aspects, adding project management function, which can handle budget estimate, budget, final accounts and audit of multiple projects and one project. Second, the function is further refined, and the analysis of calculation results and the adjustment of fineness are strengthened to facilitate the cost adjustment and control of bidders. Third, the budget method has been changed. In order to meet the needs of international bidding, the comprehensive unit price or bill of quantities quotation method is adopted. The fourth is to connect with the information network, download the material price published by the website through the network interface and provide it to users, and refresh the data in time, which not only improves the work efficiency of price data maintenance, but also accurately reflects the cost at that time.
(3) Cost indicator collection and system.
The system is used to collect the cost data of various construction projects, at the same time, according to a large number of completed project data, the cost estimation and cost indicators can be obtained, and comprehensive analysis can be carried out to provide a comprehensive information service system for the government and social investors or construction project participants. The collection of indicators from scratch to continuous improvement is a long-term dynamic accumulation behavior, which should be solved by computer data warehouse and online analysis.
(4) Information network construction.
This information network should be a generalized information network, including not only the local area network within the cost management department, but also industry websites and local area networks, mainly to realize the sharing and transmission within the cost management and realize office automation, thus improving the internal operation efficiency and saving management costs; Industry websites, that is, cost information network, can provide comprehensive professional information for cost practitioners. Judging from the websites owned by most provinces and cities at present, they are generally developed around static government affairs and dynamic information interaction services. The material price information system, the core of website construction, can collect, sort out, process, publish and feedback more timely and quickly through the information network. The accumulated data can be widely used through the information network, thus expanding the scope of information resources.
To sum up, the integration of project cost management and information technology mainly depends on two modern information technologies: computer and internet, which are realized in two aspects: one is data processing based on computer technology; Second, data and resources based on network platform can be shared. In the future, with the further research and application of information technology, it will further promote the development of construction project cost management.
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